oracle 11g数据库迁移(不同目录不同主机) [复制链接]

oracle 11g数据库迁移(不同目录不同主机
1、创建监听、服务
2、备份源库的数据文件、初始化参数文件和控制文件
RMAN> backup full database format 'd:\full_%U_%d.BKP';
開始 backup, 於 20-11月-14
使用目標資料庫控制檔替代復原目錄
配置的通道: ORA_DISK_1
通道 ORA_DISK_1: SID=23 裝置類型=DISK
通道 ORA_DISK_1: 啟動完整資料檔備份集
通道 ORA_DISK_1: 正在指定備份集中的資料檔
輸入資料檔檔案編號=00001 名稱=D:\APP\H2603027\ORADATA\TESTDB\SYSTEM01.DBF
輸入資料檔檔案編號=00003 名稱=D:\APP\H2603027\ORADATA\TESTDB\UNDOTBS01.DBF
輸入資料檔檔案編號=00002 名稱=D:\APP\H2603027\ORADATA\TESTDB\SYSAUX01.DBF
輸入資料檔檔案編號=00005 名稱=D:\APP\H2603027\ORADATA\TESTDB\TEST.DBF
輸入資料檔檔案編號=00004 名稱=D:\APP\H2603027\ORADATA\TESTDB\USERS01.DBF
通道 ORA_DISK_1: 啟動部份 1, 在 20-11月-14
通道 ORA_DISK_1: 已完成部份 1, 在 20-11月-14
片段處理=D:\FULL_14PO3B44_1_1_TESTDB.BKP 標記=TAG20141120T135204 註解=NONE
通道 ORA_DISK_1: 備份集完成, 經歷時間: 00:00:45
通道 ORA_DISK_1: 啟動完整資料檔備份集
通道 ORA_DISK_1: 正在指定備份集中的資料檔
包括備份集中目前的控制檔
包括備份集中目前的 SPFILE
通道 ORA_DISK_1: 啟動部份 1, 在 20-11月-14
通道 ORA_DISK_1: 已完成部份 1, 在 20-11月-14
片段處理=D:\FULL_15PO3B5I_1_1_TESTDB.BKP 標記=TAG20141120T135204 註解=NONE
通道 ORA_DISK_1: 備份集完成, 經歷時間: 00:00:01
完成 backup, 於 20-11月-14
---------------------------------------------------------------------------------------
RMAN> backup current controlfile format 'd:\ctl_%u_%d.bkp';
開始 backup, 於 20-11月-14
使用通道 ORA_DISK_1
通道 ORA_DISK_1: 啟動完整資料檔備份集
通道 ORA_DISK_1: 正在指定備份集中的資料檔
包括備份集中目前的控制檔
通道 ORA_DISK_1: 啟動部份 1, 在 20-11月-14
通道 ORA_DISK_1: 已完成部份 1, 在 20-11月-14
片段處理=D:\CTL_1BPO3EV4_TESTDB.BKP 標記=TAG20141120T145740 註解=NONE
通道 ORA_DISK_1: 備份集完成, 經歷時間: 00:00:01
完成 backup, 於 20-11月-14
---------------------------------------------------------------------------------------
RMAN> backup spfile format 'd:\SPF_%u_%d.bkp';
開始 backup, 於 20-11月-14
使用通道 ORA_DISK_1
通道 ORA_DISK_1: 啟動完整資料檔備份集
通道 ORA_DISK_1: 正在指定備份集中的資料檔
包括備份集中目前的 SPFILE
通道 ORA_DISK_1: 啟動部份 1, 在 20-11月-14
通道 ORA_DISK_1: 已完成部份 1, 在 20-11月-14
片段處理=D:\SPF_17PO3B7E_TESTDB.BKP 標記=TAG20141120T135350 註解=NONE
通道 ORA_DISK_1: 備份集完成, 經歷時間: 00:00:01
完成 backup, 於 20-11月-14
3、复制归档日志到目标数据库
4、创建密码文件和OracleService testdb
5、恢复初始化参数文件
使用生產環境的spfile，或者從備份集中恢復出spfile，并使用這個spfile，打開資料庫到nomount狀態，
或者創建一個初始化參數文件INITtestdb.ora，裏面就一句話:db_name=testdb保存，restore spfile to pfile ‘d:\app\h2603027\product\11.2.0\db_home\database\INITtestdb.ora’ from ‘備份路勁’；也可以恢復pfile，然後去修改相應的參數
6、恢復控制文件(从current controlfile的备份文件恢复)
Restore controlfile from ‘備份路勁’
恢復出控制文件，并使用控制文件把資料庫切換為mount狀態。
alter database mount；
7、restore database;
源库的数据文件放置的位置为'D:\APP\H2603027\ORADATA\TESTDB\SYSTEM01.DBF'，现在异机不同目录恢复到'D:\APP\administrator\ORADATA\TESTDB\SYSTEM01.DBF'
run
{
set newname for datafile 1 to 'D:\APP\administrator\ORADATA\TESTDB\SYSTEM01.DBF';
set newname for datafile 3 to 'D:\APP\administrator\ORADATA\TESTDB\UNDOTBS01.DBF';
set newname for datafile 2 to 'D:\APP\administrator\ORADATA\TESTDB\SYSAUX01.DBF';
set newname for datafile 5 to 'D:\APP\administrator\ORADATA\TESTDB\TEST.DBF';
set newname for datafile 4 to 'D:\APP\administrator\ORADATA\TESTDB\USERS01.DBF';
restore database;  --只是将RMAN文件还原到上面指定的位置
switch datafile all; --如果不交换，则recover时，仍会在原来的位置找该文件
}
8、recover database
可以通过recover database preview来查看消除数据库恢复的模糊性；
通过catalog archivelog来指定恢复的最新的归档日志；
然后recover database。
或者根据list backup中的scn修复数据库
備份集 12 中的存檔日誌清單
繫線順序 低 SCN Low Time 下一個 SCN 下一次時間
---- ------- ---------- ---------- ---------- ---------
1 73 959379 18-11月-14 959769 18-11月-14
1 74 959769 18-11月-14 959781 18-11月-14
rman>recover database until scn 959769;
9、rman>alter database open resetlogs
在此步骤之前，首先建立与源数据库相同的日志文件放置的位置，把日志文件和临时文件放置在那里，然后通过修改控制文件把日志文件和临时文件放置在和数据文件相同的位置。
10、修改控制文件
控制文件对于数据库来说是非常重要的数据结构，在进行数据恢复时通常是必不可少的.
Oracle提供两种方式备份控制文件:
1.生成可以重建控制文件的脚本
2.备份二进制的控制文件
我们看一下如何获得可以重建控制文件的脚本.
Oracle提供如下命令:
alter database backup controlfile to trace;
                     
实际操作:
SQL> alter database backup controlfile to trace;
Database altered.
SQL> show parameter user_dump_dest;
NAME                                 TYPE
------------------------------------ ----------------------
VALUE
------------------------------
user_dump_dest                       string
D:\app\H2603027\diag\rdbms\tes
tdb\testdb\trace
      
trace文件内容:
-- The following are current System-scope REDO Log Archival related
-- parameters and can be included in the database initialization file.
--
-- LOG_ARCHIVE_DEST=''
-- LOG_ARCHIVE_DUPLEX_DEST=''
--
-- LOG_ARCHIVE_FORMAT=ARC%S_%R.%T
--
-- DB_UNIQUE_NAME="testdb"
--
-- LOG_ARCHIVE_CONFIG='SEND, RECEIVE, NODG_CONFIG'
-- LOG_ARCHIVE_MAX_PROCESSES=4
-- STANDBY_FILE_MANAGEMENT=MANUAL
-- STANDBY_ARCHIVE_DEST=%ORACLE_HOME%\RDBMS
-- FAL_CLIENT=''
-- FAL_SERVER=''
--
-- LOG_ARCHIVE_DEST_1='LOCATION=USE_DB_RECOVERY_FILE_DEST'
-- LOG_ARCHIVE_DEST_1='MANDATORY NOREOPEN NODELAY'
-- LOG_ARCHIVE_DEST_1='ARCH NOAFFIRM EXPEDITE NOVERIFY SYNC'
-- LOG_ARCHIVE_DEST_1='NOREGISTER NOALTERNATE NODEPENDENCY'
-- LOG_ARCHIVE_DEST_1='NOMAX_FAILURE NOQUOTA_SIZE NOQUOTA_USED NODB_UNIQUE_NAME'
-- LOG_ARCHIVE_DEST_1='VALID_FOR=(PRIMARY_ROLE,ONLINE_LOGFILES)'
-- LOG_ARCHIVE_DEST_STATE_1=ENABLE
--
-- Below are two sets of SQL statements, each of which creates a new
-- control file and uses it to open the database. The first set opens
-- the database with the NORESETLOGS option and should be used only if
-- the current versions of all online logs are available. The second
-- set opens the database with the RESETLOGS option and should be used
-- if online logs are unavailable.
-- The appropriate set of statements can be copied from the trace into
-- a script file, edited as necessary, and executed when there is a
-- need to re-create the control file.
--
--     Set #1. NORESETLOGS case
--
-- The following commands will create a new control file and use it
-- to open the database.
-- Data used by Recovery Manager will be lost.
-- Additional logs may be required for media recovery of offline
-- Use this only if the current versions of all online logs are
-- available.
-- After mounting the created controlfile, the following SQL
-- statement will place the database in the appropriate
-- protection mode:
--  ALTER DATABASE SET STANDBY DATABASE TO MAXIMIZE PERFORMANCE
STARTUP NOMOUNT
CREATE CONTROLFILE REUSE DATABASE "TESTDB" NORESETLOGS  ARCHIVELOG
    MAXLOGFILES 16
    MAXLOGMEMBERS 3
    MAXDATAFILES 100
    MAXINSTANCES 8
    MAXLOGHISTORY 292
LOGFILE
  GROUP 1 'D:\APP\H2603027\ORADATA\TESTDB\REDO01.LOG'  SIZE 50M BLOCKSIZE 512,
  GROUP 2 'D:\APP\H2603027\ORADATA\TESTDB\REDO02.LOG'  SIZE 50M BLOCKSIZE 512,
  GROUP 3 'D:\APP\H2603027\ORADATA\TESTDB\REDO03.LOG'  SIZE 50M BLOCKSIZE 512
-- STANDBY LOGFILE
DATAFILE
  'D:\APP\H2603027\ORADATA\TESTDB\SYSTEM01.DBF',
  'D:\APP\H2603027\ORADATA\TESTDB\SYSAUX01.DBF',
  'D:\APP\H2603027\ORADATA\TESTDB\UNDOTBS01.DBF',
  'D:\APP\H2603027\ORADATA\TESTDB\USERS01.DBF',
  'D:\APP\H2603027\ORADATA\TESTDB\TEST.DBF'
CHARACTER SET AL32UTF8
;
-- Configure RMAN configuration record 1
VARIABLE RECNO NUMBER;
EXECUTE :RECNO := SYS.DBMS_BACKUP_RESTORE.SETCONFIG('CONTROLFILE AUTOBACKUP','OFF');
-- Commands to re-create incarnation table
-- Below log names MUST be changed to existing filenames on
-- disk. Any one log file from each branch can be used to
-- re-create incarnation records.
-- ALTER DATABASE REGISTER LOGFILE 'D:\APP\H2603027\FAST_RECOVERY_AREA\TESTDB\ARCHIVELOG\2014_11_20\O1_MF_1_1_%U_.ARC';
-- Recovery is required if any of the datafiles are restored backups,
-- or if the last shutdown was not normal or immediate.
RECOVER DATABASE
-- All logs need archiving and a log switch is needed.
ALTER SYSTEM ARCHIVE LOG ALL;
-- Database can now be opened normally.
ALTER DATABASE OPEN;
-- Commands to add tempfiles to temporary tablespaces.
-- Online tempfiles have complete space information.
-- Other tempfiles may require adjustment.
ALTER TABLESPACE TEMP ADD TEMPFILE 'D:\APP\H2603027\ORADATA\TESTDB\TEMP01.DBF'
     SIZE 62914560  REUSE AUTOEXTEND ON NEXT 655360  MAXSIZE 32767M;
-- End of tempfile additions.
--
--     Set #2. RESETLOGS case
--
-- The following commands will create a new control file and use it
-- to open the database.
-- Data used by Recovery Manager will be lost.
-- The contents of online logs will be lost and all backups will
-- be invalidated. Use this only if online logs are damaged.
-- After mounting the created controlfile, the following SQL
-- statement will place the database in the appropriate
-- protection mode:
--  ALTER DATABASE SET STANDBY DATABASE TO MAXIMIZE PERFORMANCE
STARTUP NOMOUNT
CREATE CONTROLFILE REUSE DATABASE "TESTDB" RESETLOGS  ARCHIVELOG
    MAXLOGFILES 16
    MAXLOGMEMBERS 3
    MAXDATAFILES 100
    MAXINSTANCES 8
    MAXLOGHISTORY 292
LOGFILE
  GROUP 1 'D:\APP\H2603027\ORADATA\TESTDB\REDO01.LOG'  SIZE 50M BLOCKSIZE 512,
  GROUP 2 'D:\APP\H2603027\ORADATA\TESTDB\REDO02.LOG'  SIZE 50M BLOCKSIZE 512,
  GROUP 3 'D:\APP\H2603027\ORADATA\TESTDB\REDO03.LOG'  SIZE 50M BLOCKSIZE 512
-- STANDBY LOGFILE
DATAFILE
  'D:\APP\H2603027\ORADATA\TESTDB\SYSTEM01.DBF',
  'D:\APP\H2603027\ORADATA\TESTDB\SYSAUX01.DBF',
  'D:\APP\H2603027\ORADATA\TESTDB\UNDOTBS01.DBF',
  'D:\APP\H2603027\ORADATA\TESTDB\USERS01.DBF',
  'D:\APP\H2603027\ORADATA\TESTDB\TEST.DBF'
CHARACTER SET AL32UTF8
;
-- Configure RMAN configuration record 1
VARIABLE RECNO NUMBER;
EXECUTE :RECNO := SYS.DBMS_BACKUP_RESTORE.SETCONFIG('CONTROLFILE AUTOBACKUP','OFF');
-- Commands to re-create incarnation table
-- Below log names MUST be changed to existing filenames on
-- disk. Any one log file from each branch can be used to
-- re-create incarnation records.
-- ALTER DATABASE REGISTER LOGFILE 'D:\APP\H2603027\FAST_RECOVERY_AREA\TESTDB\ARCHIVELOG\2014_11_20\O1_MF_1_1_%U_.ARC';
-- Recovery is required if any of the datafiles are restored backups,
-- or if the last shutdown was not normal or immediate.
RECOVER DATABASE USING BACKUP CONTROLFILE
-- Database can now be opened zeroing the online logs.
ALTER DATABASE OPEN RESETLOGS;
-- Commands to add tempfiles to temporary tablespaces.
-- Online tempfiles have complete space information.
-- Other tempfiles may require adjustment.
ALTER TABLESPACE TEMP ADD TEMPFILE 'D:\APP\H2603027\ORADATA\TESTDB\TEMP01.DBF'
     SIZE 62914560  REUSE AUTOEXTEND ON NEXT 655360  MAXSIZE 32767M;
-- End of tempfile additions.
--
      
编辑这个trace文件,我们就可以获得创建控制文件的脚本.
根据数据库不同状况，你可以选择是使用RESETLOGS/NORESETLOGS来重建控制文件.
我们获得以下脚本:
STARTUP NOMOUNT
CREATE CONTROLFILE REUSE DATABASE "TESTDB" NORESETLOGS  ARCHIVELOG
    MAXLOGFILES 16
    MAXLOGMEMBERS 3
    MAXDATAFILES 100
    MAXINSTANCES 8
    MAXLOGHISTORY 292
LOGFILE
  GROUP 1 'D:\APP\Administrator\ORADATA\TESTDB\REDO01.LOG'  SIZE 50M BLOCKSIZE 512,
  GROUP 2 'D:\APP\Administrator\ORADATA\TESTDB\REDO02.LOG'  SIZE 50M BLOCKSIZE 512,
  GROUP 3 'D:\APP\Administrator\ORADATA\TESTDB\REDO03.LOG'  SIZE 50M BLOCKSIZE 512
-- STANDBY LOGFILE
DATAFILE
  'D:\APP\ADMINISTRATOR\ORADATA\TESTDB\SYSTEM01.DBF',
  'D:\APP\ADMINISTRATOR\ORADATA\TESTDB\SYSAUX01.DBF',
  'D:\APP\ADMINISTRATOR\ORADATA\TESTDB\UNDOTBS01.DBF',
  'D:\APP\ADMINISTRATOR\ORADATA\TESTDB\USERS01.DBF',
  'D:\APP\ADMINISTRATOR\ORADATA\TESTDB\TEST.DBF'
CHARACTER SET AL32UTF8
;
RECOVER DATABASE
ALTER SYSTEM ARCHIVE LOG ALL;
ALTER DATABASE OPEN;
ALTER TABLESPACE TEMP ADD TEMPFILE 'D:\APP\Administrator\ORADATA\TESTDB\TEMP01.DBF'
     SIZE 20971520  REUSE AUTOEXTEND ON NEXT 655360  MAXSIZE 32767M;
把这个脚本保存为createctl.sql
运行这个脚本即可重建控制文件:
C:\Users\H2603027>sqlplus / as sysdba
SQL*Plus: Release 11.2.0.3.0 Production on 星期四 11月 20 16:07:18 2014
Copyright (c) 1982, 2011, Oracle.  All rights reserved.
連線至閒置的執行處理.
SQL> set echo on
SQL> @createctl
SQL> STARTUP NOMOUNT
ORACLE instance started.
Total System Global Area  135337420 bytes
Fixed Size                   452044 bytes
Variable Size             109051904 bytes
Database Buffers           25165824 bytes
Redo Buffers                 667648 bytes
SQL> CREATE CONTROLFILE REUSE DATABASE "TESTDB" NORESETLOGS  ARCHIVELOG
    MAXLOGFILES 16
    MAXLOGMEMBERS 3
    MAXDATAFILES 100
    MAXINSTANCES 8
    MAXLOGHISTORY 292
LOGFILE
  GROUP 1 'D:\APP\Administrator\ORADATA\TESTDB\REDO01.LOG'  SIZE 50M BLOCKSIZE 512,
  GROUP 2 'D:\APP\Administrator\ORADATA\TESTDB\REDO02.LOG'  SIZE 50M BLOCKSIZE 512,
  GROUP 3 'D:\APP\Administrator\ORADATA\TESTDB\REDO03.LOG'  SIZE 50M BLOCKSIZE 512
-- STANDBY LOGFILE
DATAFILE
  'D:\APP\ADMINISTRATOR\ORADATA\TESTDB\SYSTEM01.DBF',
  'D:\APP\ADMINISTRATOR\ORADATA\TESTDB\SYSAUX01.DBF',
  'D:\APP\ADMINISTRATOR\ORADATA\TESTDB\UNDOTBS01.DBF',
  'D:\APP\ADMINISTRATOR\ORADATA\TESTDB\USERS01.DBF',
  'D:\APP\ADMINISTRATOR\ORADATA\TESTDB\TEST.DBF'
CHARACTER SET AL32UTF8
;
Control file created.
SQL> RECOVER DATABASE
ORA-00283: recovery session canceled due to errors
ORA-00264: no recovery required
SQL> ALTER SYSTEM ARCHIVE LOG ALL;
System altered.
SQL> ALTER DATABASE OPEN;
Database altered.
SQL> ALTER TABLESPACE TEMP ADD TEMPFILE 'D:\APP\Administrator\ORADATA\TESTDB\TEMP01.DBF'
2    SIZE 20971520  REUSE AUTOEXTEND ON NEXT 655360  MAXSIZE 32767M;
Tablespace altered
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