oracle11g静默安装

安装准备检查的命令
内存
# grep MemTotal /proc/meminfo
交换空间
# grep SwapTotal /proc/meminfo
磁盘空间
# df -ah

安装目录 /data/oracle

给予目录普通用户oracle权限

关闭Selinux

sed -i "s/SELINUX=enforcing/SELINUX=disabled/" /etc/selinux/config  
setenforce 0

设置主机名

Hostname oracledb

vim /etc/hosts 添加

127.0.0.1 oracledb

创建用户和组(root用户：创建Oracle安装组oinstall,数据库管理员组dba，及oracle用户)，并设置oracle用户密码：oracle

修改内核参数(root用户：修改 /etc/sysctl.conf 文件，加上如下参数)
vim /etc/sysctl.conf  #末尾添加如下

net.ipv4.ip_local_port_range= 9000 65500 
fs.file-max = 6815744 
kernel.shmall = 10523004 
kernel.shmmni = 4096 
kernel.sem = 250 32000 100128 
net.core.rmem_default=262144 
net.core.wmem_default=262144 
net.core.rmem_max=4194304 
net.core.wmem_max=1048576 
fs.aio-max-nr = 1048576

sysctl -p

#使配置生效

 

修改系统资源限制（root用户：修改 /etc/security/limits.conf 文件，加上下面的参数）

vim /etc/security/limits.conf #末尾添加如下

oracle  soft  nproc  2047 
oracle  hard  nproc  16384 
oracle  soft  nofile  1024 
oracle  hard  nofile  65536

修改用户验证选项（修改/etc/pam.d/login文件加上如下参数）

 

vim /etc/pam.d/login 
session    required    pam_limits.so

创建安装目录及设置权限

mkdir -p /data/oracle/ 

chmod 755 /data

chown oracle.oinstall -R /data

设置oracle环境变量

su - oracle

vim .bash_profile在末尾添加

export ORACLE_BASE=/data/oracle
export ORACLE_HOME=$ORACLE_BASE/product/11.2.0/db_1
export PATH=$PATH:$HOME/bin:$ORACLE_HOME/bin
#export PATH=$PATH:$ORACLE_HOME/bin
export ORACLE_PID=ora11g

export ORACLE_SID=ora11g

export NLS_LANG=AMERICAN_AMERICA.AL32UTF8
export LD_LIBRARY_PATH=$ORACLE_HOME/lib:/usr/lib

 

 

source .bash_profile 让它生效

步骤2 ****

安装依赖包

Exit 退出oracle用户

执行

yum -y install binutilscompat-libstdc++-33 elfutils-libelf elfutils-libelf-devel glibc glibc-commonglibc-devel libaio libaio-devel libgcclibstdc++ libstdc++-devel unixODBC unixODBC-devel

Su - oracle切换用户 解压包

cd /data/

上传的oracle   11g的包放在/data/dba

unzip linux.x64_11gR2_database_1of2.zip

unzip linux.x64_11gR2_database_2of2.zip

 

解压后得到database目录，其中database目录下的response目录，该目录中有三个rsp文件，用来作为静默安装时的应答文件的模板。

 

修改静默安装的配置文件

 

给/data/database/response  权限

chmod +x /data/database/response/*

vim db_install.rsp  修改下面的内容

oracle.install.responseFileVersion=/oracle/install/rspfmt_dbinstall_response_schema_v11_2_0
oracle.install.option=INSTALL_DB_SWONLY
ORACLE_HOSTNAME=oracledb
UNIX_GROUP_NAME=oinstall
INVENTORY_LOCATION=/data/oracle/oraInventory
SELECTED_LANGUAGES=en,zh_CN
ORACLE_HOME=/data/oracle/product/11.2.0/db_1
ORACLE_BASE=/data/oracle
oracle.install.db.InstallEdition=EE

oracle.install.db.isCustomInstall=false

oracle.install.db.DBA_GROUP=dba
oracle.install.db.OPER_GROUP=oinstall

oracle.install.db.CLUSTER_NODES=
oracle.install.db.config.starterdb.type=GENERAL_PURPOSE
oracle.install.db.config.starterdb.globalDBName=ora11g
oracle.install.db.config.starterdb.SID=ora11g
oracle.install.db.config.starterdb.characterSet=AL32UTF8
oracle.install.db.config.starterdb.memoryOption=true
oracle.install.db.config.starterdb.memoryLimit=1500
oracle.install.db.config.starterdb.installExampleSchemas=false
oracle.install.db.config.starterdb.enableSecuritySettings=true
oracle.install.db.config.starterdb.password.ALL=oracle
oracle.install.db.config.starterdb.password.SYS=
oracle.install.db.config.starterdb.password.SYSTEM=
oracle.install.db.config.starterdb.password.SYSMAN=
oracle.install.db.config.starterdb.password.DBSNMP=
oracle.install.db.config.starterdb.control=DB_CONTROL
oracle.install.db.config.starterdb.gridcontrol.gridControlServiceURL=
oracle.install.db.config.starterdb.dbcontrol.enableEmailNotification=false
oracle.install.db.config.starterdb.dbcontrol.emailAddress=
oracle.install.db.config.starterdb.dbcontrol.SMTPServer=
oracle.install.db.config.starterdb.automatedBackup.enable=false
oracle.install.db.config.starterdb.automatedBackup.osuid=
oracle.install.db.config.starterdb.automatedBackup.ospwd=
oracle.install.db.config.starterdb.storageType=FILE_SYSTEM_STORAGE
oracle.install.db.config.starterdb.fileSystemStorage.dataLocation=
oracle.install.db.config.starterdb.fileSystemStorage.recoveryLocation=
oracle.install.db.config.asm.diskGroup=
oracle.install.db.config.asm.ASMSNMPPassword=
MYORACLESUPPORT_USERNAME=
MYORACLESUPPORT_PASSWORD=
SECURITY_UPDATES_VIA_MYORACLESUPPORT=
DECLINE_SECURITY_UPDATES=true    //一定要设为 true
PROXY_HOST=
PROXY_PORT=
PROXY_USER=
PROXY_PWD=

 

开始静默安装

cd 进入/data/database

./runInstaller -ignorePrereq -silent -force -responseFile /data/database/response/db_install.rsp

安装过程中，如果提示[WARNING]不必理会，此时安装程序仍在后台进行，如果出现[FATAL]，则安装程序已经停止了

执行完会出现两个脚本  复制这两个脚本  切换到root用户执行就行

步骤3 ***

配置监听程序 切换oracle用户执行

[oracle@liukaibo dba]$ $ORACLE_HOME/bin/netca /silent /responseFile /data/database/response/netca.rsp

 

Parsing command line arguments:
    Parameter "silent" = true
    Parameter "responsefile" = /data/database/response/netca.rsp
Done parsing command line arguments.
Oracle Net Services Configuration:
Profile configuration complete.
Listener "LISTENER" already exists.
Oracle Net Services configuration successful. The exit code is 0

 

启动监控程序
$  /data/oracle/product/11.2.0/db_1/bin/lsnrctl start LISTENER

LSNRCTL for Linux: Version 11.2.0.1.0 - Production on 30-JAN-2015 13:23:46

Copyright (c) 1991, 2009, Oracle.  All rights reserved.

Starting /data/dba/oracle/product/11.2.0/db_1/bin/tnslsnr: please wait...

TNSLSNR for Linux: Version 11.2.0.1.0 - Production
System parameter file is /data/oracle/product/11.2.0/db_1/network/admin/listener.ora
Log messages written to /data/oracle/diag/tnslsnr/oracledb/listener/alert/log.xml
Listening on: (DESCRIPTION=(ADDRESS=(PROTOCOL=ipc)(KEY=EXTPROC1521)))
Listening on: (DESCRIPTION=(ADDRESS=(PROTOCOL=tcp)(HOST=oracledb)(PORT=1521)))

Connecting to (DESCRIPTION=(ADDRESS=(PROTOCOL=IPC)(KEY=EXTPROC1521)))
STATUS of the LISTENER
------------------------
Alias                     LISTENER
Version                   TNSLSNR for Linux: Version 11.2.0.1.0 - Production
Start Date                30-JAN-2015 13:23:47
Uptime                    0 days 0 hr. 1 min. 3 sec
Trace Level               off
Security                  ON: Local OS Authentication
SNMP                      OFF
Listener Parameter File   /data/oracle/product/11.2.0/db_1/network/admin/listener.ora
Listener Log File         /data/oracle/diag/tnslsnr/oracledb/listener/alert/log.xml
Listening Endpoints Summary...
  (DESCRIPTION=(ADDRESS=(PROTOCOL=ipc)(KEY=EXTPROC1521)))
  (DESCRIPTION=(ADDRESS=(PROTOCOL=tcp)(HOST=oracledb)(PORT=1521)))
The listener supports no services
The command completed successfully

启动成功

 

静默dbca建库

 vim /data/database/response/dbca.rsp修改里面的内容

GDBNAME= "ora11g"

SID ="ora11g"

SYSPASSWORD= "oracle"

SYSTEMPASSWORD= "oracle"

SYSMANPASSWORD= "oracle"

DBSNMPPASSWORD= "oracle"

DATAFILEDESTINATION=/data/oracle/oradata

RECOVERYAREADESTINATION=/data/oracle/fast_recovery_area

CHARACTERSET= "AL32UTF8"

TOTALMEMORY= "1638"

这个信息一定要配置全，不然后面问题很多

[oracle@liukaibo response]$ $ORACLE_HOME/bin/dbca -silent -responseFile /data/database/response/dbca.rsp 

The Oracle system identifier(SID) "xxx" already exists. Specify another SID

如果报错这个，那时系统与oracle的SID冲突：用root用户以远程登录模式编辑etc/oratab，删除最后一行或注释掉： xxx:/u01/oracle:N ，保存退出问题解决

Enter SYS user password: 
  
Enter SYSTEM user password: 
 
sh: /bin/ksh: No such file or directory
sh: /bin/ksh: No such file or directory
Copying database files
1% complete
3% complete
11% complete
18% complete
26% complete
37% complete
Creating and starting Oracle instance
40% complete
45% complete
50% complete
55% complete
56% complete
57% complete
60% complete
62% complete
Completing Database Creation
66% complete
70% complete
73% complete
74% complete
85% complete
96% complete
100% complete
Look at the log file "/data/oracle/cfgtoollogs/dbca/ora11g/ora11g.log" for further details.

出现这些百分比就代表安装成功了

 

启动数据库

[oracle@oracledb ~]$ sqlplus / as sysdba

SQL*Plus: Release 11.2.0.1.0 Production on Mon Feb 16 14:26:57 2015

Copyright (c) 1982, 2009, Oracle.  All rights reserved.

Connected to an idle instance.

SQL> start
SP2-1506: START, @ or @@ command has no arguments
SQL> startup
ORACLE instance started.

Total System Global Area 3290345472 bytes
Fixed Size                  2217832 bytes
Variable Size            1795164312 bytes
Database Buffers         1476395008 bytes
Redo Buffers               16568320 bytes
Database mounted.
Database opened.
SQL> 
出现这两个，代表安装成功

使用show parameter；或者select table_name from dba_tables看看是否正常

启动监听
启动监听：lsnrctl start 
查看监听：lsnrctl status 
停止监听：lsnrctl stop

  
[oracle@oracledb ~]$ lsnrctl start

LSNRCTL for Linux: Version 11.2.0.1.0 - Production on 16-FEB-2015 14:45:01

Copyright (c) 1991, 2009, Oracle.  All rights reserved.

Starting /opt/app/oracle/product/11.2.0/db_1/bin/tnslsnr: please wait...

TNSLSNR for Linux: Version 11.2.0.1.0 - Production
System parameter file is /data/oracle/product/11.2.0/db_1/network/admin/listener.ora
Log messages written to /data/oracle/diag/tnslsnr/oracledb/listener/alert/log.xml
Listening on: (DESCRIPTION=(ADDRESS=(PROTOCOL=ipc)(KEY=EXTPROC1521)))
Listening on: (DESCRIPTION=(ADDRESS=(PROTOCOL=tcp)(HOST=oracledb)(PORT=1521)))

Connecting to (DESCRIPTION=(ADDRESS=(PROTOCOL=IPC)(KEY=EXTPROC1521)))
STATUS of the LISTENER
------------------------
Alias                     LISTENER
Version                   TNSLSNR for Linux: Version 11.2.0.1.0 - Production
Start Date                16-FEB-2015 14:45:02
Uptime                    0 days 0 hr. 1 min. 3 sec
Trace Level               off
Security                  ON: Local OS Authentication
SNMP                      OFF
Listener Parameter File   /opt/app/oracle/product/11.2.0/db_1/network/admin/listener.ora
Listener Log File         /data/oracle/diag/tnslsnr/oracledb/listener/alert/log.xml
Listening Endpoints Summary...
  (DESCRIPTION=(ADDRESS=(PROTOCOL=ipc)(KEY=EXTPROC1521)))
  (DESCRIPTION=(ADDRESS=(PROTOCOL=tcp)(HOST=oracledb)(PORT=1521)))
The listener supports no services
The command completed successfully

 

 

静默安装的时候，如果这两个不通过，基本上是交换空间不足的原因

解决方法：

 

在root权限下执行这条命令dd if=/dev/zero of=/opt/image/swap bs=1024 count=2048000

问题2 ****部署报错：****。

如果出现报错 主要看这里。看什么报错。如果不是严重性的错误。不用管。等他执行完就行。如果输出内容卡在这里。不执行了。。就得看报什么错误

解决方法：

根据报错内容。去百度查下。基本都有解决