Monit是一款功能非常丰富的进程、文件、目录和设备的监测软件,适用于Linux/Unix平台。官网地址:https://mmonit.com/
在CentOS 6.4上配置Monit的步骤:
我们以服务器IP地址:10.153.126.189,为例进行配置,监控10.153.110.12, 10.153.75.78这两台服务器。
一、安装Monit:
# yum install monit –y
这一步可能会报错:
# yum install monit –y
Loaded plugins: fastestmirror, security
Determining fastest mirrors
Error: Cannot retrieve metalink for repository: epel. Please verify its path and try again
解决方法:
vi /etc/yum.repos.d/epel.repo
编辑[epel]下的baseurl前的#号去掉,mirrorlist前添加#号。正确配置如下:
[epel]
name=Extra Packages for Enterprise Linux 6 - $basearch
baseurl=http://download.fedoraproject.org/pub/epel/6/$basearch
#mirrorlist=https://mirrors.fedoraproject.org/metalink?repo=epel-6&arch=$basearch
failovermethod=priority
enabled=1
gpgcheck=1
gpgkey=file:///etc/pki/rpm-gpg/RPM-GPG-KEY-EPEL-6
至此Monit安装完毕,接下来配置monit.conf文件
二、monit配置:
1、文件位置在/etc/monit.conf,修改常见配置:
1)检测时间、日志位置:
set daemon 120
with start delay 240
set logfile syslog facility log_daemon
每120s检测一次;启动后延时240s开始检测;
日志文件位置;
2)id文件
set idfile /var/monit/id
set eventqueue
basedir /var/monit
我们必须定义“idfile”,Monit守护进程的一个独一无二的ID文件;
“eventqueue”,当monit的邮件因为SMTP或者网络故障发不出去,邮件会暂存在这里;以及确保/var/monit路径是存在的。然后使用下边的配置就可以了;
3)设置web界面:
set httpd port 1966 and
SSL ENABLE
PEMFILE /var/certs/monit.pem
allow monituser:romania
allow localhost
allow 192.168.0.0/16
allow myhost.mydomain.ro
2、监控信息可以直接写到/etc/monit.conf文件中,也可以单独创建一个.cfg后缀的文件,将check... if 语句添加到里面,然后在monit.conf文件末尾加入include路径。
set daemon 30 # 每30秒查询一次服务器状态
set logfile /data/apps/monit/log/monit.log # 默认日志位于 /var/log/monit
set idfile /var/.monit.id
set eventqueue
basedir /data/apps/monit/data
slots 10000
set httpd port 2812 and # 监听2812端口
use address 10.153.126.189 # 本服务器地址,这里我们的Monit安装到了10.153.126.189这台服务器上。
allow localhost
allow 10.1.0.0/255.255.0.0
allow admin : pin # 在这里设置用户名及口令。admin为用户名,冒号后为密码。
# 接下来设置要监听的服务器
# address后面的是服务器的IP地址。第二行设置port端口号。exec后为当异常情况出现后执行的脚本。可以添加多个check ... if 语句,同时监听很多台服务器
# 这里 /data/apps/monit/contrib/sms.py这个脚本负责报警
check host read_kajuan_10.153.110.12 with address 10.153.110.12
if failed port 80 with timeout 1 seconds for 2 cycles then exec "/data/apps/monit/contrib/sms.py"
check host read_kajuan_10.153.75.78 with address 10.153.75.78
if failed port 80 with timeout 1 seconds for 2 cycles then exec "/data/apps/monit/contrib/sms.py"
#include /etc/monit.d/*
三、常见监控:
1、根据ip+端口,监控web服务器端口存活:
check host gamecenter_api_10.153.123.2 with address 10.153.123.2
if failed port 8093 with timeout 1 seconds for 2 cycles then exec "/data/apps/monit/contrib/sms.py"
表示:在两次监控周期内,如果端口超时超过1m则报警。
2、根据pid,监控服务进程:
check process tomcat with pidfile /var/run/catalina.pid # 进程pid
start program = "/etc/init.d/tomcat start" # 设置启动命令
stop program = "/etc/init.d/tomcat stop" # 设置停止命令
if 9 restarts within 10 cycles then timeout # 设置在10个监视周期内重,启了9次则超时,不再监视这个服务。原因另外说明【3】
if cpu usage > 90% for 5 cycles then alert # 如果在5个周期内该服务的cpu使用率都超过90%则提示
if failed url http://127.0.0.1:4000/ timeout 120 seconds for 5 cycles then restart # 若连续5个周期打开url都失败(120秒超时,超时也认为失败)则重启服务
设置超时后不再监视是为了让服务不要一直重启,如果连续重启多次不成功,极有可能再重启下去也不会成功的。并且tomcat的重启需要占用大量系统资源,假如一直重启下去,反而会使其它服务也无法正常运作。
3、可以对moint本身服务器进行监控:
# 系统名称,可以是IP或域名
check system www.example.com
if loadavg (1min) > 4 then alert
if loadavg (5min) > 2 then alert
if memory usage > 75% then alert
if cpu usage (user) > 70% then alert
if cpu usage (system) > 30% then alert
if cpu usage (wait) > 20% then alert
4、实例:
#
# 监控nginx
#
# 需要提供进程pid文件信息
check process nginx with pidfile /var/run/nginx.pid
# 进程启动命令行,注:必须是命令全路径
start program = "/etc/init.d/nginx start"
# 进程关闭命令行
stop program = "/etc/init.d/nginx stop"
# nginx进程状态测试,监测到nginx连不上了,则自动重启
if failed host www.example.com port 80 protocol http then restart
# 多次重启失败将不再尝试重启,这种就是系统出现严重错误的情况
if 3 restarts within 5 cycles then timeout
# 可选,设置分组信息
group server
# 可选的ssl端口的监控,如果有的话
# if failed port 443 type tcpssl protocol http
# with timeout 15 seconds
# then restart
#
# 监控apache
#
check process apache with pidfile /var/run/apache2.pid
start program = "/etc/init.d/apache2 start"
stop program = "/etc/init.d/apache2 stop"
# apache吃cpu和内存比较厉害,额外添加一些关于这方面的监控设置
if cpu > 50% for 2 cycles then alert
if cpu > 70% for 5 cycles then restart
if totalmem > 1500 MB for 10 cycles then restart
if children > 250 then restart
if loadavg(5min) greater than 10 for 20 cycles then stop
if failed host www.example.com port 8080 protocol http then restart
if 3 restarts within 5 cycles then timeout
group server
# 可选,依赖于nginx
depends on nginx
#
# 监控spawn-fcgi进程(其实就是fast-cgi进程)
#
check process spawn-fcgi with pidfile /var/run/spawn-fcgi.pid
# spawn-fcgi一定要带-P参数才会生成pid文件,默认是没有的
start program = "/usr/bin/spawn-fcgi -a 127.0.0.1 -p 8081 -C 10 -u userxxx -g groupxxx -P /var/run/spawn-fcgi.pid -f /usr/bin/php-cgi"
stop program = "/usr/bin/killall /usr/bin/php-cgi"
# fast-cgi走的不是http协议,monit的protocol参数也没有cgi对应的设置,这里去掉protocol http即可。
if failed host 127.0.0.1 port 8081 then restart
if 3 restarts within 5 cycles then timeout
group server
depends on nginx
注意:
参考:
http://www.cnblogs.com/ddr888/archive/2011/03/02/1969087.html
http://feilong.me/2011/02/monitor-core-processes-with-monit
http://www.vpser.net/manage/monit.html
http://itoedr.blog.163.com/blog/static/1202842972014529115715267/
https://www.rails365.net/articles/bu-shu-zhi-shi-yong-monit-lai-jian-kong-fu-wu-si
http://linuxjcq.blog.51cto.com/3042600/717843
https://segmentfault.com/a/1190000002867212