我们知道现在微服务很流行,为此,许多中小型企业都将自己以前的框架加以改造,其中以SpringCloud为最多,但是SpringCloud如果要加定时任务的话,在单台服务器上很好支持,但是涉及到集群服务(多台服务的话)就要用到分布式锁了,最简单的方案是用Redis,好了废话不多说,直接上代码.
第一步:在配置文件application.properties中加入Redis的相关配置:
#Redis配置
# REDIS (RedisProperties)
# Redis数据库索引(默认为0)
spring.redis.database=0
# Redis服务器地址
spring.redis.host=localhost
# Redis服务器连接端口
spring.redis.port=6379
# Redis服务器连接密码(默认为空)
spring.redis.password=
第二步:添加jar包依赖,这里以maven为例,pom.xml中加入
org.springframework.boot
spring-boot-starter-data-redis
第三部:redis工具类的写法
1):新建Lock.java实体类
package com.great.springboot2.distributed;
/**
* 全局锁,包括锁的名称 Created by zuoguobin on 2017/4/1.
*/
public class Lock {
private String name;
private String value;
public Lock(String name, String value) {
this.name = name;
this.value = value;
}
public String getName() {
return name;
}
public String getValue() {
return value;
}
}
2):新建DistributedLockHandler.java分布式锁工具类,此时注意:@Component的写法,目的是为了注入值
package com.great.springboot2.distributed;
import org.slf4j.Logger;
import org.slf4j.LoggerFactory;
import org.springframework.beans.factory.annotation.Autowired;
import org.springframework.data.redis.core.StringRedisTemplate;
import org.springframework.data.redis.core.ValueOperations;
import org.springframework.stereotype.Component;
import org.springframework.util.StringUtils;
import java.util.concurrent.TimeUnit;
/**
* Created by zuoguobin on 2017/4/1.
*/
@Component
public class DistributedLockHandler {
private static final Logger logger = LoggerFactory.getLogger(DistributedLockHandler.class);
private final static long LOCK_EXPIRE = 30 * 1000L;// 单个业务持有锁的时间30s,防止死锁
private final static long LOCK_TRY_INTERVAL = 30L;// 默认30ms尝试一次
private final static long LOCK_TRY_TIMEOUT = 20 * 1000L;// 默认尝试20s
@Autowired
private StringRedisTemplate template;
/**
* 尝试获取全局锁
*
* @param lock
* 锁的名称
* @return true 获取成功,false获取失败
*/
public boolean tryLock(Lock lock) {
return getLock(lock, LOCK_TRY_TIMEOUT, LOCK_TRY_INTERVAL, LOCK_EXPIRE);
}
/**
* 尝试获取全局锁
*
* @param lock
* 锁的名称
* @param timeout
* 获取超时时间 单位ms
* @return true 获取成功,false获取失败
*/
public boolean tryLock(Lock lock, long timeout) {
return getLock(lock, timeout, LOCK_TRY_INTERVAL, LOCK_EXPIRE);
}
/**
* 尝试获取全局锁
*
* @param lock
* 锁的名称
* @param timeout
* 获取锁的超时时间
* @param tryInterval
* 多少毫秒尝试获取一次
* @return true 获取成功,false获取失败
*/
public boolean tryLock(Lock lock, long timeout, long tryInterval) {
return getLock(lock, timeout, tryInterval, LOCK_EXPIRE);
}
/**
* 尝试获取全局锁
*
* @param lock
* 锁的名称
* @param timeout
* 获取锁的超时时间
* @param tryInterval
* 多少毫秒尝试获取一次
* @param lockExpireTime
* 锁的过期
* @return true 获取成功,false获取失败
*/
public boolean tryLock(Lock lock, long timeout, long tryInterval, long lockExpireTime) {
return getLock(lock, timeout, tryInterval, lockExpireTime);
}
/**
* 操作redis获取全局锁
*
* @param lock
* 锁的名称
* @param timeout
* 获取的超时时间
* @param tryInterval
* 多少ms尝试一次
* @param lockExpireTime
* 获取成功后锁的过期时间
* @return true 获取成功,false获取失败
*/
public boolean getLock(Lock lock, long timeout, long tryInterval, long lockExpireTime) {
try {
if (StringUtils.isEmpty(lock.getName()) || StringUtils.isEmpty(lock.getValue())) {
return false;
}
long startTime = System.currentTimeMillis();
do {
if (!template.hasKey(lock.getName())) {
ValueOperations ops = template.opsForValue();
ops.set(lock.getName(), lock.getValue(), lockExpireTime, TimeUnit.MILLISECONDS);
return true;
} else {// 存在锁
logger.debug("lock is exist!!!");
}
if (System.currentTimeMillis() - startTime > timeout) {// 尝试超过了设定值之后直接跳出循环
return false;
}
Thread.sleep(tryInterval);
} while (template.hasKey(lock.getName()));
} catch (InterruptedException e) {
logger.error(e.getMessage());
return false;
}
return false;
}
/**
* 释放锁
*/
public void releaseLock(Lock lock) {
if (!StringUtils.isEmpty(lock.getName())) {
template.delete(lock.getName());
}
}
}
第四步:添加定时任务,这里是一秒执行一次,注意@Component要加上让系统扫描到,停用定时任务就把它拿掉!
package com.great.springboot2.distributed;
import org.slf4j.Logger;
import org.slf4j.LoggerFactory;
import org.springframework.beans.factory.annotation.Autowired;
import org.springframework.data.redis.core.StringRedisTemplate;
import org.springframework.scheduling.annotation.Scheduled;
import org.springframework.stereotype.Component;
import java.text.SimpleDateFormat;
@Component
public class MyScheduler {
private final Logger logger = LoggerFactory.getLogger(this.getClass());
@Autowired
private StringRedisTemplate template;
@Autowired
DistributedLockHandler distributedLockHandler;
@Scheduled(fixedRate = 6000)
public void task() throws InterruptedException {
Lock lock=new Lock("testlock","lockvalue");
if(distributedLockHandler.tryLock(lock)){
//Thread.sleep(40000);
SimpleDateFormat df = new SimpleDateFormat("yyyy-MM-dd HH:mm:ss");
logger.info("everOne22222 start....。。。。。。。。。。。startTime="+ df.format(System.currentTimeMillis()));
System.out.println("template --"+template);
System.out.println("distributedLockHandler --"+distributedLockHandler);
try{
Thread.sleep(10000);
}catch (Exception e){
}
//statusTask.healthCheck();
// int i=10/0;
logger.info("everOne222222 end...。。。。。。。。。。。。 endTime="+df.format(System.currentTimeMillis()));
distributedLockHandler.releaseLock(lock);
}
}
}
第五步:在应用程序启动类加上注解@EnableScheduling,这个是要加上的,对计划任务的支持
package com.great.springboot2;
import org.springframework.boot.SpringApplication;
import org.springframework.boot.autoconfigure.SpringBootApplication;
import org.springframework.scheduling.annotation.EnableScheduling;
@EnableScheduling
@SpringBootApplication
public class Springboot2Application {
public static void main(String[] args) {
SpringApplication.run(Springboot2Application.class, args);
}
}
第六步,分别用两个不同的端口启动两个Springboot服务
正常情况下,同一时间只有一个服务的定时任务在运行中!!
说明,但是当多个服务的定时任务执行很快或者2个服务的启动时间非常接近的时候,会存在锁判断不准确的情况,两个服务中的定时任务同时都在运行!
因此对第三步的DistributedLockHandler.java分布式锁工具类做了一点修改:
package com.great.springboot2.distributed;
import org.slf4j.Logger;
import org.slf4j.LoggerFactory;
import org.springframework.beans.factory.annotation.Autowired;
import org.springframework.data.redis.core.StringRedisTemplate;
import org.springframework.data.redis.core.ValueOperations;
import org.springframework.stereotype.Component;
import org.springframework.util.StringUtils;
import java.util.concurrent.TimeUnit;
/**
* Created by zuoguobin on 2017/4/1.
*/
@Component
public class DistributedLockHandler {
private static final Logger logger = LoggerFactory.getLogger(DistributedLockHandler.class);
private final static long LOCK_EXPIRE = 30 * 1000L;// 单个业务持有锁的时间30s,防止死锁
@Autowired
private StringRedisTemplate template;
/**
* 尝试获取全局锁
*
* @param lock
* 锁的名称
* @return true 获取成功,false获取失败
*/
public boolean tryLock(Lock lock) {
return getLock(lock, LOCK_EXPIRE);
}
/**
* 尝试获取全局锁
*
* @param lock
* 锁的名称
* @param lockExpireTime
* 锁的过期
* @return true 获取成功,false获取失败
*/
public boolean tryLock(Lock lock, long lockExpireTime) {
return getLock(lock, lockExpireTime);
}
/**
* 操作redis获取全局锁
*
* @param lock
* 锁的名称
* @param lockExpireTime
* 获取成功后锁的过期时间
* @return true 获取成功,false获取失败
*/
public boolean getLock(Lock lock, long lockExpireTime) {
try {
if (StringUtils.isEmpty(lock.getName()) || StringUtils.isEmpty(lock.getValue())) {
return false;
}
long startTime = System.currentTimeMillis();
if (!template.hasKey(lock.getName())) {
ValueOperations ops = template.opsForValue();
ops.set(lock.getName(), lock.getValue(), lockExpireTime, TimeUnit.MILLISECONDS);
return true;
} else {// 存在锁
logger.error("lock is exist!!!");
return false;
}
} catch (Exception e) {
logger.error(e.getMessage());
return false;
}
}
/**
* 释放锁
*/
public void releaseLock(Lock lock) {
if (!StringUtils.isEmpty(lock.getName())) {
template.delete(lock.getName());
}
}
}
最终的执行结果:
A服务器日志:
2018-07-18 15:05:40.299 INFO 93616 --- [pool-1-thread-1] c.g.springboot2.distributed.MyScheduler : everOne22222 start....。。。。。。。。。。。startTime=2018-07-18 15:05:40
2018-07-18 15:06:11.301 INFO 93616 --- [pool-1-thread-1] c.g.springboot2.distributed.MyScheduler : everOne222222 end...。。。。。。。。。。。。 endTime=2018-07-18 15:06:11
2018-07-18 15:06:40.301 INFO 93616 --- [pool-1-thread-1] c.g.springboot2.distributed.MyScheduler : everOne22222 start....。。。。。。。。。。。startTime=2018-07-18 15:06:40
2018-07-18 15:07:11.318 INFO 93616 --- [pool-1-thread-1] c.g.springboot2.distributed.MyScheduler : everOne222222 end...。。。。。。。。。。。。 endTime=2018-07-18 15:07:11
2018-07-18 15:07:40.299 INFO 93616 --- [pool-1-thread-1] c.g.springboot2.distributed.MyScheduler : everOne22222 start....。。。。。。。。。。。startTime=2018-07-18 15:07:40
2018-07-18 15:08:11.331 INFO 93616 --- [pool-1-thread-1] c.g.springboot2.distributed.MyScheduler : everOne222222 end...。。。。。。。。。。。。 endTime=2018-07-18 15:08:11
2018-07-18 15:08:40.335 ERROR 93616 --- [pool-1-thread-1] c.g.s.d.DistributedLockHandler : lock is exist!!!
2018-07-18 15:09:40.299 ERROR 93616 --- [pool-1-thread-1] c.g.s.d.DistributedLockHandler : lock is exist!!!
2018-07-18 15:10:40.314 ERROR 93616 --- [pool-1-thread-1] c.g.s.d.DistributedLockHandler : lock is exist!!!
B服务器日志:
2018-07-18 15:08:11.602 INFO 90116 --- [pool-1-thread-1] c.g.springboot2.distributed.MyScheduler : everOne22222 start....。。。。。。。。。。。startTime=2018-07-18 15:08:11
2018-07-18 15:08:42.604 INFO 90116 --- [pool-1-thread-1] c.g.springboot2.distributed.MyScheduler : everOne222222 end...。。。。。。。。。。。。 endTime=2018-07-18 15:08:42
2018-07-18 15:09:11.000 INFO 90116 --- [pool-1-thread-1] c.g.springboot2.distributed.MyScheduler : everOne22222 start....。。。。。。。。。。。startTime=2018-07-18 15:09:11
2018-07-18 15:09:42.002 INFO 90116 --- [pool-1-thread-1] c.g.springboot2.distributed.MyScheduler : everOne222222 end...。。。。。。。。。。。。 endTime=2018-07-18 15:09:42
2018-07-18 15:10:11.001 INFO 90116 --- [pool-1-thread-1] c.g.springboot2.distributed.MyScheduler : everOne22222 start....。。。。。。。。。。。startTime=2018-07-18 15:10:11
2018-07-18 15:10:42.003 INFO 90116 --- [pool-1-thread-1] c.g.springboot2.distributed.MyScheduler : everOne222222 end...。。。。。。。。。。。。 endTime=2018-07-18 15:10:42
2018-07-18 15:11:11.000 INFO 90116 --- [pool-1-thread-1] c.g.springboot2.distributed.MyScheduler : everOne22222 start....。。。。。。。。。。。startTime=2018-07-18 15:11:11