Python可视化: 颜色 图例 实例（matplotlib饼状图）总结

一、颜色

二、实例

#读者分布
import pandas as pd
import matplotlib.pyplot as plt

def age_pie():
    plt.rcParams['font.family'] = 'SimHei'
    df = pd.read_csv("user.csv", sep=";", header=None, names=["user_id", "location", "age"],
                     encoding='gbk')
    # print(df.head())
    df[(df.age == '41"')].index.tolist()  # 找出不合法数值所在行
    df = df.drop([1305])  # 删除那一行
    df[['age']] = df[['age']].astype(float)
    labels = ['10-20', '20-30', '30-40', '40-50', '50-60']
    sizes = [len(df[(df.age >= 10) & (df.age < 20)]), \
             len(df[(df.age >= 20) & (df.age < 30)]), \
             len(df[(df.age >= 30) & (df.age < 40)]), \
             len(df[(df.age >= 40) & (df.age < 50)]), \
             len(df[(df.age >= 50) & (df.age < 60)])]
    # print(sizes)
    explode = (0, 0.05, 0, 0, 0)  # 0.1为第二个元素凸出距离
    colors = ['tomato', 'lightskyblue', 'goldenrod', 'green', 'y']
    # 饼图绘制函数
    plt.figure(figsize=(8, 6))
    plt.pie(sizes, explode=explode, labels=labels, colors=colors, \
            autopct='%1.1f%%', shadow=False, pctdistance=0.8, \
            startangle=90, textprops={'fontsize': 16, 'color': 'w'})
    plt.title('读者年龄分布图')
    plt.axis('equal')
    plt.legend(loc='upper right')
    plt.savefig('age.png', dpi=600)
    plt.show()
print(age_pie())

三、代码解析

3.1显示正负号

import matplotlib.pyplot as plt

#用来正常显示负号  
plt.rcParams['axes.unicode_minus']=False 

3.2显示中文

plt.rcParams['font.family'] = 'SimHei'
黑体  SimHei  
微软雅黑    Microsoft YaHei  
微软正黑体   Microsoft JhengHei  
新宋体 NSimSun  
新细明体    PMingLiU  
细明体 MingLiU  
标楷体 DFKai-SB  
仿宋  FangSong  
楷体  KaiTi  
仿宋_GB2312   FangSong_GB2312  
楷体_GB2312   KaiTi_GB2312    

3.3找出不合法数据

import pandas as pd

df[(df.age == '41"')].index.tolist()  

3.4删除那一行

df = df.drop([1305])  

3.5显示图例

plt.legend(loc='upper right')

3.6保存为图片

    plt.savefig('age.png', dpi=600)