linux安装mysql详细步骤

rf: https://www.cnblogs.com/shizhongyang/p/8464876.html

linux系统版本:CentOS 7.4 64位

安装源文件版本:mysql-8.0.11-linux-glibc2.12-x86_64.tar.gz

mysql安装位置:/software/mysql

数据库文件数据位置:/data/mysql

注:未防止混淆,这里都用绝对路径执行命令

        除了文件内容中的#,这里所有带#都是linux命令

  >mysql 是mysql的命令


步骤:

1、在根目录下创建文件夹software和数据库数据文件/data/mysql

#mkdir /software/

#mkdir /data/mysql

2、上传mysql-8.0.11-linux-glibc2.12-x86_64.tar.gz文件到/software下

 

#cd /software/

#tar -zxvf mysql-8.0.11-linux-glibc2.12-x86_64.tar.gz

 

3、更改解压缩后的文件夹名称

#mv /software/mysql-8.0.11-linux-glibc2.12-x86_64.tar.gz/  /software/mysql

 

4、创建mysql用户组和mysql用户

#groupadd mysql

#useradd mysql -g mysql

 

5、关联myql用户到mysql用户组中

#chown -R mysql:mysql  /software/mysql/

 

6、更改mysql安装文件夹mysql/的权限

#chmod -R 755 /software/mysql/

 

7、安装libaio依赖包,由于我买的腾讯云服务器centos系统自带的有这个依赖包所以不需要安装,不过自带的依赖包会报错,后面介绍解决办法

查询是否暗转libaio依赖包

#yum search libaio

如果没安装,可以用下面命令安装

#yum install libaio

 

8、初始化mysql命令

#./software/mysql/bin/mysqld --user=mysql --basedir=/software/mysql --datadir=/data/mysql --initialize

在执行上面命令时特别要注意一行内容   

 A temporary password is generated for root@localhost: wIs._&7%1GvI

root@localhost: 后面跟的是mysql数据库登录的临时密码,各人安装生成的临时密码不一样

如果初始化时报错如下:

error while loading shared libraries: libnuma.so.1: cannot open shared objec

是因为libnuma安装的是32位,我们这里需要64位的,执行下面语句就可以解决

#yum install numactl.x86_64

执行完后重新初始化mysql命令,从第8步开始;

 
9、修改Mysql配置文件
#cp /software/mysql/support-files/mysql.server  /etc/init.d/mysqld
#chmod 755 /etc/init.d/mysqld
#vi /etc/init.d/mysqld
修改63-73行
修改前

# Set some defaults

mysqld_pid_file_path=

if test -z "$basedir

then
basedir=/usr/local/mysql
bindir=/usr/local/mysql/bin
if test -z "$datadir"
then
datadir=/usr/local/mysql/data
fi
sbindir=/usr/local/mysql/bin
libexecdir=/usr/local/mysql/bin
else
  bindir="$basedir/bin"
  if test -z "$datadir"
  then
    datadir="$basedir/data"
  fi
  sbindir="$basedir/sbin"
  libexecdir="$basedir/libexec"
fi

修改后:

# Set some defaults
mysqld_pid_file_path=
if test -z "$basedir"
then
basedir=/software/mysql
bindir=/software/mysql/bin

if test -z "$datadir"
then
datadir=/data/mysql
  fi
  sbindir=/software/mysql/bin
  libexecdir=/software/mysql/bin

else
  bindir="$basedir/bin"
  if test -z "$datadir"
  then
    datadir="$basedir/data"
  fi
  sbindir="$basedir/sbin"
  libexecdir="$basedir/libexec"
fi

:wq 保存退出

 

10、修改my.cnf文件

#vi /etc/my.cnf

将下面内容复制替换当前的my.cnf文件中的内容

[client]
no-beep
socket =/software/mysql/mysql.sock
# pipe
# socket=0.0
port=3306
[mysql]
default-character-set=utf8
[mysqld]
basedir=/software/mysql
datadir=/data/mysql
port=3306
pid-file=/software/mysql/mysqld.pid
#skip-grant-tables
skip-name-resolve
socket = /software/mysql/mysql.sock
character-set-server=utf8
default-storage-engine=INNODB
explicit_defaults_for_timestamp = true
# Server Id.
server-id=1
max_connections=2000
#query_cache_size=0
table_open_cache=2000
tmp_table_size=246M
thread_cache_size=300
#限定用于每个数据库线程的栈大小。默认设置足以满足大多数应用
thread_stack = 192k
key_buffer_size=512M
read_buffer_size=4M
read_rnd_buffer_size=32M
innodb_data_home_dir = /data/mysql
innodb_flush_log_at_trx_commit=0
innodb_log_buffer_size=16M
innodb_buffer_pool_size=256M
innodb_log_file_size=128M
innodb_thread_concurrency=128
innodb_autoextend_increment=1000
innodb_buffer_pool_instances=8
innodb_concurrency_tickets=5000
innodb_old_blocks_time=1000
innodb_open_files=300
innodb_stats_on_metadata=0
innodb_file_per_table=1
innodb_checksum_algorithm=0
back_log=80
flush_time=0
join_buffer_size=128M
max_allowed_packet=1024M
max_connect_errors=2000
open_files_limit=4161
#query_cache_type=0
sort_buffer_size=32M
table_definition_cache=1400
binlog_row_event_max_size=8K
sync_master_info=10000
sync_relay_log=10000
sync_relay_log_info=10000
#批量插入数据缓存大小,可以有效提高插入效率,默认为8M
bulk_insert_buffer_size = 64M
interactive_timeout = 120
wait_timeout = 120
log-bin-trust-function-creators=1
sql_mode=NO_ENGINE_SUBSTITUTION,STRICT_TRANS_TABLES

#
# include all files from the config directory
#
!includedir /etc/my.cnf.d


:wq 保存退出

11、启动mysql服务

#./software/mysql/support-files/mysql.server start

12、如果启动报错,无法解决,删除文件夹/data/mysql

rm -rf /data/mysql

重新从第8条安装;

13、启动mysql

#/etc/init.d/mysqld start

14、登录mysql

#/software/mysql/bin/mysql -u root –p

15、解决bash: mysql: command not found 的方法原因:这是由于系统默认会查找/usr/bin下的命令,如果这个命令不在这个目录下,当然会找不到命令,我们需要做的就是映射一个链接到/usr/bin目录下,相当于建立一个链接文件。https://www.jb51.net/article/34622.htm

# cd /usr/local/bin
# ln -fs /software/mysql/bin/mysql mysql     

 

16、输入临时密码。临时密码就是第8条root@localhost:后面的内容

 

17、安装完,会要求重置密码:

You must reset your password using ALTER USER statement before executing this statement.

https://blog.csdn.net/hj7jay/article/details/65626766
命令:  alter user user() identified by "123456";
 
18、Mysql Navicate 连接出错:

(1)1130-host . is not allowed to connect to this MySql server,MySQL

可能是你的帐号不允许从远程登陆,只能在localhost。这个时候只要在localhost的那台电脑,登入mysql后,更改 "mysql" 数据库里的 "user" 表里的 "host" 项,从"localhost"改称"%"

mysql -u root -p

mysql>use mysql;

mysql>update user set host = '%' where user = 'root';

mysql>select host, user from user;

https://blog.csdn.net/zyj405569395/article/details/53614356

(2)2059 - authentication plugin 'caching_sha2_password' -navicat连接异常问题解决

解决办法:

mysql8新版本发布,安装后出现2059错误,原因为安装时选择了强加密规则caching_sha2_password,与之前的mysql5.7的mysql_native_password规则不同,navicate驱动目前不支持新加密规则

本文使用手动修改加密规则改成与mysql5.7一样已实现

ALTER USER 'root'@'%' IDENTIFIED BY 'password' PASSWORD EXPIRE NEVER; #修改加密规则
ALTER USER 'root'@'%' IDENTIFIED WITH mysql_native_password BY 'password';  #更新一下用户的密码

FLUSH PRIVILEGES; #刷新权限 
https://blog.csdn.net/kiddyt05/article/details/80074752

https://blog.csdn.net/m0_38017782/article/details/80061991


在线安装方式 :https://blog.csdn.net/a774630093/article/details/79270080





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