CentOS如何挂载硬盘

荆轲刺秦王

远程SSH登录上CentOS服务器后,进行如下操作

提醒:挂载操作会清空数据,请确认挂载盘无数据或未使用

第一步:列出所有磁盘 命令: ll /dev/disk/by-path

[root@admin ~]# ll /dev/disk/by-path
total 0
lrwxrwxrwx 1 root root  9 Dec 19 15:15 pci-0000:00:07.1-scsi-1:0:0:0 -> ../../sr                         0
lrwxrwxrwx 1 root root  9 Dec 19 15:15 pci-0000:00:10.0-scsi-0:0:0:0 -> ../../sd                         a
lrwxrwxrwx 1 root root 10 Dec 19 15:15 pci-0000:00:10.0-scsi-0:0:0:0-part1 -> ..                         /../sda1
lrwxrwxrwx 1 root root 10 Dec 19 15:15 pci-0000:00:10.0-scsi-0:0:0:0-part2 -> ..                         /../sda2
lrwxrwxrwx 1 root root  9 Dec 19 15:15 pci-0000:00:10.0-scsi-0:0:1:0 -> ../../sd                         b

提示:如果无法确认数据盘设备名称,请使用df命令来确认系统盘的名称,从而排除挂错盘的情况。

[root@admin ~]# df
Filesystem           1K-blocks    Used Available Use% Mounted on
/dev/mapper/vg_admin-lv_root
                      36580952 6037568  28678476  18% /
tmpfs                   960872       0    960872   0% /dev/shm
/dev/sda1               487652   40341    421711   9% /boot


第二步:格式化硬盘  命令:fdisk /dev/sdb


[root@admin ~]# fdisk /dev/sdb
Device contains neither a valid DOS partition table, nor Sun, SGI or OSF disklab                         el
Building a new DOS disklabel with disk identifier 0x96e9db40.
Changes will remain in memory only, until you decide to write them.
After that, of course, the previous content won't be recoverable.


Warning: invalid flag 0x0000 of partition table 4 will be corrected by w(rite)


WARNING: DOS-compatible mode is deprecated. It's strongly recommended to
         switch off the mode (command 'c') and change display units to
         sectors (command 'u').


Command (m for help):
n
Command action
   e   extended
   p   primary partition (1-4)
p
Partition number (1-4): 1
First cylinder (1-2610, default 1):
Using default value 1
Last cylinder, +cylinders or +size{K,M,G} (1-2610, default 2610):
Using default value 2610


Command (m for help): p


Disk /dev/sdb: 21.5 GB, 21474836480 bytes
255 heads, 63 sectors/track, 2610 cylinders
Units = cylinders of 16065 * 512 = 8225280 bytes
Sector size (logical/physical): 512 bytes / 512 bytes
I/O size (minimum/optimal): 512 bytes / 512 bytes
Disk identifier: 0x96e9db40


   Device Boot      Start         End      Blocks   Id  System
/dev/sdb1               1        2610    20964793+  83  Linux


Command (m for help): w
The partition table has been altered!


Calling ioctl() to re-read partition table.
Syncing disks.

注意:加粗部分需要手动输入


第三步:创建分区    命令:mkfs.ext4 /dev/sdb1

[root@admin ~]# mkfs.ext4 /dev/sdb1
mke2fs 1.41.12 (17-May-2010)
Filesystem label=     (文件系统标签)
OS type: Linux           (操作系统)
Block size=4096 (log=2)   (块大小)
Fragment size=4096 (log=2)
Stride=0 blocks, Stripe width=0 blocks
1310720 inodes, 5241198 blocks
262059 blocks (5.00%) reserved for the super user
First data block=0     (第一个数据块=0)
Maximum filesystem blocks=4294967296
160 block groups
32768 blocks per group, 32768 fragments per group
8192 inodes per group
Superblock backups stored on blocks:
        32768, 98304, 163840, 229376, 294912, 819200, 884736, 1605632, 2654208,
        4096000


Writing inode tables: done    (正在写入inode表:完成)
Creating journal (32768 blocks): done  (完成)
Writing superblocks and filesystem accounting information: done   (完成)


This filesystem will be automatically checked every 26 mounts or
180 days, whichever comes first.  Use tune2fs -c or -i to override.


第四步:挂载分区   命令:mkdir /data

mount /dev/sdb1 /data        #将sdb这个硬盘挂载成为/data


[root@admin ~]# mount /dev/sdb1 /data
[root@admin ~]# df -h
Filesystem            Size  Used Avail Use% Mounted on
/dev/mapper/vg_admin-lv_root
                       35G  5.8G   28G  18% /
tmpfs                 939M     0  939M   0% /dev/shm
/dev/sda1             477M   40M  412M   9% /boot
/dev/sdb1              20G   44M   19G   1% /data


第五步:将信息写入fstab,让系统开启自动挂载。

 命令:  echo "/dev/sdb1              /data                  ext4    defaults        0 0" >> /etc/fstab


[root@admin ~]# echo "/dev/sdb1              /data                  ext4    defaults        0 0" >> /etc/fstab
[root@admin ~]# cat /etc/fstab


#
# /etc/fstab
# Created by anaconda on Sat Dec 16 19:44:14 2017
#
# Accessible filesystems, by reference, are maintained under '/dev/disk'
# See man pages fstab(5), findfs(8), mount(8) and/or blkid(8) for more info
#
/dev/mapper/vg_admin-lv_root /                       ext4    defaults        1 1
UUID=d6a341bc-6e77-4da3-adb0-872e5ae06ca9 /boot                   ext4    defaults        1 2
/dev/mapper/vg_admin-lv_swap swap                    swap    defaults        0 0
tmpfs                   /dev/shm                tmpfs   defaults        0 0
devpts                  /dev/pts                devpts  gid=5,mode=620  0 0
sysfs                   /sys                    sysfs   defaults        0 0
proc                    /proc                   proc    defaults        0 0
/dev/sdb1       /data      /ext4     defaults      0  0
/dev/sdb1              /data                  ext4    defaults        0 0
/dev/sdb1              /data                  ext4    defaults        0 0



CentOS 6.5开机自动挂载硬盘 http://www.linuxidc.com/linux/2014-10/108446.htm

CentOS添加一个新的硬盘分区到挂载的过程  http://www.linuxidc.com/Linux/2013-06/85694.htm

CentOS挂载移动硬盘 http://www.linuxidc.com/Linux/2011-05/35694.htm

更多CentOS相关信息见CentOS 专题页面 http://www.linuxidc.com/topicnews.aspx?tid=14

本文永久更新链接地址:http://www.linuxidc.com/Linux/2015-04/115841.htm




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