rabbitmq入门学习四

路由模型(Routing)

路由模式：
1、每个消费者监听自己的队列，并且设置routingkey。
2、生产者将消息发给交换机，由交换机根据routingkey来转发消息到指定的队列。
1.1 生产者代码
以下生产者代码中交换机绑定了两个队列，每个队列分别有两个不同的routingkey
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public class RoutingProducer {

//队列名称
private static final String QUEUE_INFORM_1 = "queue_inform_1";
private static final String QUEUE_INFORM_2 = "queue_inform_2";
private static final String EXCHANGE_ROUTING_INFORM="exchange_routing_inform";
private static final String ROUTINGKEY_1="inform_1";
private static final String ROUTINGKEY_2="inform_2";
public static void main(String[] args) {
    Connection connection = null;
    Channel channel = null;
    try {
        //建立新连接
        connection = ConnectionUtil.getConnection();
        //创建会话通道,生产者和mq服务所有通信都在channel通道中完成
        channel = connection.createChannel();
        //声明队列，如果队列在mq 中没有则要创建
        channel.queueDeclare(QUEUE_INFORM_1,true,false,false,null);
        channel.queueDeclare(QUEUE_INFORM_2,true,false,false,null);
        //声明一个交换机，交换机类型为direct
        channel.exchangeDeclare(EXCHANGE_ROUTING_INFORM, BuiltinExchangeType.DIRECT);
        //进行交换机和队列绑定
        channel.queueBind(QUEUE_INFORM_1,EXCHANGE_ROUTING_INFORM,ROUTINGKEY_1);
        channel.queueBind(QUEUE_INFORM_1,EXCHANGE_ROUTING_INFORM,"inform");
        channel.queueBind(QUEUE_INFORM_2,EXCHANGE_ROUTING_INFORM,ROUTINGKEY_2);
        channel.queueBind(QUEUE_INFORM_2,EXCHANGE_ROUTING_INFORM,"inform");
        //发送消息
        for(int i=0;i<5;i++){
            //发送消息的时候指定routingKey
            String message = "send inform message to user";
            //向routingkey是inform的队列中发送消息
            //channel.basicPublish(EXCHANGE_ROUTING_INFORM,"inform",null,message.getBytes());
            //向routingkey是inform_1的队列中发送消息
            //channel.basicPublish(EXCHANGE_ROUTING_INFORM,"inform_1",null,message.getBytes());
            //向routingkey是inform_2的队列中发送消息
            channel.basicPublish(EXCHANGE_ROUTING_INFORM,"inform_2",null,message.getBytes());
            System.out.println("send to mq "+message);
        }

    } catch (Exception e) {
        e.printStackTrace();
    } finally {
        //关闭连接
        //先关闭通道
        try {
            channel.close();
        } catch (IOException e) {
            e.printStackTrace();
        } catch (TimeoutException e) {
            e.printStackTrace();
        }
        try {
            connection.close();
        } catch (IOException e) {
            e.printStackTrace();
        }
    }
}

}
1.2 消费者代码1

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public class RoutingComsumer1 {

//队列名称
private static final String QUEUE_INFORM_1 = "queue_inform_1";
private static final String EXCHANGE_ROUTING_INFORM="exchange_routing_inform";
private static final String ROUTINGKEY_1="inform_1";

public static void main(String[] args) throws Exception {
    //建立新连接
    Connection connection = ConnectionUtil.getConnection();
    //创建会话通道,生产者和mq服务所有通信都在channel通道中完成
    Channel channel = connection.createChannel();

    channel.queueDeclare(QUEUE_INFORM_1,true,false,false,null);
    //声明一个交换机
    channel.exchangeDeclare(EXCHANGE_ROUTING_INFORM, BuiltinExchangeType.DIRECT);
    //进行交换机和队列绑定
    channel.queueBind(QUEUE_INFORM_1, EXCHANGE_ROUTING_INFORM,ROUTINGKEY_1);
    //实现消费方法
    DefaultConsumer defaultConsumer = new DefaultConsumer(channel){
        @Override
        public void handleDelivery(String consumerTag, Envelope envelope, AMQP.BasicProperties properties, byte[] body) throws IOException {
            //交换机
            String exchange = envelope.getExchange();
            //消息id，mq在channel中用来标识消息的id，可用于确认消息已接收
            long deliveryTag = envelope.getDeliveryTag();
            //消息内容
            String message= new String(body,"utf-8");
            System.out.println("【消费者1】:"+message);
        }
    };
    //监听队列
    channel.basicConsume(QUEUE_INFORM_1,true,defaultConsumer);

}

}

1.3 消费者代码2

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public class RoutingComsumer2 {

//队列名称
private static final String QUEUE_INFORM_2 = "queue_inform_2";
private static final String EXCHANGE_ROUTING_INFORM="exchange_routing_inform";
private static final String ROUTINGKEY_2="inform_2";

public static void main(String[] args) throws Exception {
    //建立新连接
    Connection connection = ConnectionUtil.getConnection();
    //创建会话通道,生产者和mq服务所有通信都在channel通道中完成
    Channel channel = connection.createChannel();

    channel.queueDeclare(QUEUE_INFORM_2,true,false,false,null);
    //声明一个交换机
    channel.exchangeDeclare(EXCHANGE_ROUTING_INFORM, BuiltinExchangeType.DIRECT);
    //进行交换机和队列绑定
    channel.queueBind(QUEUE_INFORM_2, EXCHANGE_ROUTING_INFORM,ROUTINGKEY_2);

    //实现消费方法
    DefaultConsumer defaultConsumer = new DefaultConsumer(channel){
        @Override
        public void handleDelivery(String consumerTag, Envelope envelope, AMQP.BasicProperties properties, byte[] body) throws IOException {
            //交换机
            String exchange = envelope.getExchange();
            //消息id，mq在channel中用来标识消息的id，可用于确认消息已接收
            long deliveryTag = envelope.getDeliveryTag();
            //消息内容
            String message= new String(body,"utf-8");
            System.out.println("【消费者2】:"+message);
        }
    };
    //监听队列
    channel.basicConsume(QUEUE_INFORM_2,true,defaultConsumer);

}

}

1.4 测试
运行生产者代码测试，我们发现交换机绑定的队列中routingkey有值了，分别为：
Inform，inform_1，inform，inform_2

运行生产者进行效果测试：

如果我们执行的是如下的消息发送，两个消费者都会接收到消息。

channel.basicPublish(EXCHANGE_ROUTING_INFORM,"inform",null,message.getBytes())
效果截图：
两个消费者都可以接收到消息

将消息发送到inform_1,那么只有消费者1可以接收到消息
annel.basicPublish(EXCHANGE_ROUTING_INFORM,"inform_1",null,message.getBytes())
将消息发送到inform_2,那么只有消费者2可以接收到消息
annel.basicPublish(EXCHANGE_ROUTING_INFORM,"inform_2",null,message.getBytes())

问题：
如果你在消费者代码中没有绑定routingKey，那么在生产者发送的到队列的消息都可以接收，不管生产者指定的routingkey是什么。

rabbitmq入门学习四

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