MySQL甯哥敤鎸囦护锛堝鏌ワ級

鏈�甯哥敤鐨勬樉绀哄懡浠わ細

1銆佹樉绀烘暟鎹簱鍒楄〃銆�

show databases;

2銆佹樉绀哄簱涓殑鏁版嵁琛細

use mysql;

show tables;

3銆佹樉绀烘暟鎹〃鐨勭粨鏋勶細

describe 琛ㄥ悕;

4銆佸缓搴擄細

create database 搴撳悕;

5銆佸缓琛細

use 搴撳悕锛�

create table 琛ㄥ悕 (瀛楁璁惧畾鍒楄〃)锛�

6銆佸垹搴撳拰鍒犺〃:

drop database 搴撳悕;

drop table 琛ㄥ悕锛�

7銆佸皢琛ㄤ腑璁板綍娓呯┖锛�

delete from 琛ㄥ悕;

8銆佹樉绀鸿〃涓殑璁板綍锛�

select * from 琛ㄥ悕

杩炴帴MySQL

鏍煎紡: mysql -h 涓绘満鍦板潃 -u鐢ㄦ埛鍚� -p鐢ㄦ埛瀵嗙爜

渚� 1:杩炴帴鍒版湰鏈轰笂鐨� MySQL銆�

mysql -uroot -pmysql;

杩炴帴鍒拌繙绋嬩富鏈轰笂鐨� MYSQL銆�

mysql -h 127.0.0.1 -uroot -pmysql;

2銆佽繛鎺ュ埌杩滅▼涓绘満涓婄殑MYSQL銆傚亣璁捐繙绋嬩富鏈虹殑IP涓猴細110.110.110.110锛岀敤鎴峰悕涓簉oot,瀵嗙爜涓篴bcd123銆傚垯閿叆浠ヤ笅鍛戒护锛�

mysql -h110.110.110.110 -u root -p 123;锛堟敞:u涓巖oot涔嬮棿鍙互涓嶇敤鍔犵┖鏍硷紝鍏跺畠涔熶竴鏍凤級

3銆侀��鍑篗YSQL鍛戒护锛� exit 锛堝洖杞︼級

淇敼鏂板瘑鐮�

鍦ㄧ粓绔緭鍏ワ細mysql -u鐢ㄦ埛鍚� -p瀵嗙爜锛屽洖杞﹁繘鍏ysql銆�

> use mysql;

> update user set password=PASSWORD('鏂板瘑鐮�') where user='鐢ㄦ埛鍚�';

> flush privileges; #鏇存柊鏉冮檺

> quit; #閫�鍑�

浜屻�佷慨鏀瑰瘑鐮併��

鏍煎紡锛歮ysqladmin -u鐢ㄦ埛鍚� -p鏃у瘑鐮� password 鏂板瘑鐮�

1銆佺粰root鍔犱釜瀵嗙爜ab12銆傞鍏堝湪DOS涓嬭繘鍏ョ洰褰昺ysql\bin锛岀劧鍚庨敭鍏ヤ互涓嬪懡浠�

mysqladmin -u root -password ab12

娉細鍥犱负寮�濮嬫椂root娌℃湁瀵嗙爜锛屾墍浠�-p鏃у瘑鐮佷竴椤瑰氨鍙互鐪佺暐浜嗐��

2銆佸啀灏唕oot鐨勫瘑鐮佹敼涓篸jg345銆�

mysqladmin -u root -p ab12 password djg345

锛堟敞鎰忥細鍜屼笂闈笉鍚岋紝涓嬮潰鐨勫洜涓烘槸MYSQL鐜涓殑鍛戒护锛屾墍浠ュ悗闈㈤兘甯︿竴涓垎鍙蜂綔涓哄懡浠ょ粨鏉熺锛�

3銆佸懡浠よ淇敼root瀵嗙爜锛�

mysql> UPDATE mysql.user SET password=PASSWORD(鈥欐柊瀵嗙爜鈥�) WHERE User=鈥檙oot鈥�;

mysql> FLUSH PRIVILEGES;

4銆佹樉绀哄綋鍓嶇殑user锛�

mysql> SELECT USER();

涓夈�佸鍔犳柊鐢ㄦ埛銆�

鏍煎紡锛歡rant select on 鏁版嵁搴�.* to 鐢ㄦ埛鍚岪鐧诲綍涓绘満 identified by 鈥滃瘑鐮佲��

1銆佸鍔犱竴涓敤鎴穞est1瀵嗙爜涓篴bc锛岃浠栧彲浠ュ湪浠讳綍涓绘満涓婄櫥褰曪紝骞跺鎵�鏈夋暟鎹簱鏈夋煡璇€�佹彃鍏ャ�佷慨鏀广�佸垹闄ょ殑鏉冮檺銆傞鍏堢敤root鐢ㄦ埛杩炲叆

MYSQL锛岀劧鍚庨敭鍏ヤ互涓嬪懡浠わ細

grant select,insert,update,delete on *.* to test1鈥�%" Identified by 鈥渁bc鈥�;

浣嗗鍔犵殑鐢ㄦ埛鏄崄鍒嗗嵄闄╃殑锛屼綘鎯冲鏌愪釜浜虹煡閬搕est1鐨勫瘑鐮侊紝閭ｄ箞浠栧氨鍙互鍦╥nternet涓婄殑浠讳綍涓�鍙扮數鑴戜笂鐧诲綍浣犵殑mysql鏁版嵁搴撳苟瀵逛綘鐨勬暟鎹彲浠ヤ负鎵�娆蹭负浜嗭紝瑙ｅ喅鍔炴硶瑙�2銆�

2銆佸鍔犱竴涓敤鎴穞est2瀵嗙爜涓篴bc,璁╀粬鍙彲浠ュ湪localhost涓婄櫥褰曪紝骞跺彲浠ュ鏁版嵁搴搈ydb杩涜鏌ヨ銆佹彃鍏ャ�佷慨鏀广�佸垹闄ょ殑鎿嶄綔锛坙ocalhost鎸囨湰鍦颁富鏈猴紝鍗矼YSQL鏁版嵁搴撴墍鍦ㄧ殑閭ｅ彴涓绘満锛夛紝

杩欐牱鐢ㄦ埛鍗充娇鐢ㄧ煡閬搕est2鐨勫瘑鐮侊紝浠栦篃鏃犳硶浠巌nternet涓婄洿鎺ヨ闂暟鎹簱锛屽彧鑳介�氳繃MYSQL涓绘満涓婄殑web椤垫潵璁块棶浜嗐��

grant select,insert,update,delete on mydb.* to test2@localhost identifiedby 鈥渁bc鈥�;

濡傛灉浣犱笉鎯硉est2鏈夊瘑鐮侊紝鍙互鍐嶆墦涓�涓懡浠ゅ皢瀵嗙爜娑堟帀銆�

grant select,insert,update,delete on mydb.* to test2@localhost identified by 鈥溾��;

鍒犻櫎鐢ㄦ埛

mysql -u鐢ㄦ埛鍚� -p瀵嗙爜

mysql>delete from user where user='鐢ㄦ埛鍚�' and host='localhost';

mysql>flush privileges;

//鍒犻櫎鐢ㄦ埛鐨勬暟鎹簱

mysql>drop database dbname;

鏁版嵁搴撴搷浣�

鏄剧ず鎵�鏈夌殑鏁版嵁搴�

mysql> show databases;(娉ㄦ剰:鏈�鍚庢湁涓� s)

鍒涘缓鏁版嵁搴�

mysql> create database test;

杩炴帴鏁版嵁搴�

mysql> use test;

鏌ョ湅褰撳墠浣跨敤鐨勬暟鎹簱

mysql> select database();

褰撳墠鏁版嵁搴撳寘鍚殑琛ㄤ俊鎭�

mysql> show tables; (娉ㄦ剰:鏈�鍚庢湁涓� s)

鍒犻櫎鏁版嵁搴�

mysql> drop database test;

琛ㄦ搷浣�

澶囨敞:鎿嶄綔涔嬪墠浣跨敤鈥渦se <鏁版嵁搴撳悕>鈥濆簲杩炴帴鏌愪釜鏁版嵁搴撱��

寤鸿〃

鍛戒护:create table <琛ㄥ悕> (<瀛楁鍚� 1> <绫诲瀷 1> [,..<瀛楁鍚� n> <绫诲瀷 n>]);

渚嬪瓙锛�

mysql> create table MyClass(

> id int(4) not null primary key auto_increment,

> name char(20) not null,

> sex int(4) not null default '0',

> degree double(16,2));

鑾峰彇琛ㄧ粨鏋�

鍛戒护: desc 琛ㄥ悕锛屾垨鑰卻how columns from 琛ㄥ悕

渚嬪瓙锛�

mysql> describe MyClass

mysql> desc MyClass;

mysql> show columns from MyClass;

鍒犻櫎琛�

鍛戒护:drop table <琛ㄥ悕>

渚嬪:鍒犻櫎琛ㄥ悕涓� MyClass 鐨勮〃

mysql> drop table MyClass;

鎻掑叆鏁版嵁

鍛戒护:insert into <琛ㄥ悕> [( <瀛楁鍚� 1>[,..<瀛楁鍚� n > ])] values ( 鍊� 1 )[, ( 鍊� n )]

渚嬪瓙锛�

mysql> insert into MyClass values(1,'Tom',96.45),(2,'Joan',82.99), (2,'Wang', 96.59);

鏌ヨ琛ㄤ腑鐨勬暟鎹�

鏌ヨ鎵�鏈夎

mysql> select * from MyClass;

鏌ヨ鍓嶅嚑琛屾暟鎹�

渚嬪:鏌ョ湅琛� MyClass 涓墠 2 琛屾暟鎹�

mysql> select * from MyClass order by id limit 0,2;

鎴栬��

mysql> select * from MyClass limit 0,2;

鍒犻櫎琛ㄤ腑鏁版嵁

鍛戒护:delete from 琛ㄥ悕 where 琛ㄨ揪寮�

渚嬪:鍒犻櫎琛� MyClass 涓紪鍙蜂负 1 鐨勮褰�

mysql> delete from MyClass where id=1;

淇敼琛ㄤ腑鏁版嵁

鍛戒护:update 琛ㄥ悕 set 瀛楁=鏂板��,... where 鏉′欢

mysql> update MyClass set name='Mary' where id=1;

鍦ㄨ〃涓鍔犲瓧娈�

鍛戒护:alter table 琛ㄥ悕 add 瀛楁 绫诲瀷 鍏朵粬;

渚嬪:鍦ㄨ〃 MyClass 涓坊鍔犱簡涓�涓瓧娈� passtest,绫诲瀷涓� int(4),榛樿鍊间负 0

mysql> alter table MyClass add passtest int(4) default '0'

鏇存敼琛ㄥ悕

鍛戒护:rename table 鍘熻〃鍚� to 鏂拌〃鍚�;

渚嬪:鍦ㄨ〃 MyClass 鍚嶅瓧鏇存敼涓� YouClass

mysql> rename table MyClass to YouClass;

鏇存柊瀛楁鍐呭

鍛戒护:update 琛ㄥ悕 set 瀛楁鍚� = 鏂板唴瀹�

update 琛ㄥ悕 set 瀛楁鍚� = replace(瀛楁鍚�, '鏃у唴瀹�', '鏂板唴瀹�');

渚嬪:鏂囩珷鍓嶉潰鍔犲叆 4 涓┖鏍�

update article set content=concat(' ', content);

鏁版嵁搴撳鍏ュ鍑�

浠庢暟鎹簱瀵煎嚭鏁版嵁搴撴枃浠�

浣跨敤鈥渕ysqldump鈥濆懡浠�

棣栧厛杩涘叆 DOS 鐣岄潰,鐒跺悗杩涜涓嬮潰鎿嶄綔銆�

1)瀵煎嚭鎵�鏈夋暟鎹簱

鏍煎紡:mysqldump -u [鏁版嵁搴撶敤鎴峰悕] -p -A>[澶囦唤鏂囦欢鐨勪繚瀛樿矾寰刔

2)瀵煎嚭鏁版嵁鍜屾暟鎹粨鏋�

鏍煎紡:mysqldump -u [鏁版嵁搴撶敤鎴峰悕] -p [瑕佸浠界殑鏁版嵁搴撳悕绉癩>[澶囦唤鏂囦欢鐨勪繚瀛樿矾寰刔

涓句緥:

渚� 1:灏嗘暟鎹簱 mydb 瀵煎嚭鍒� e:\MySQL\mydb.sql 鏂囦欢涓��

鎵撳紑寮�濮�->杩愯->杈撳叆鈥渃md鈥�,杩涘叆鍛戒护琛屾ā寮忋��

c:\> mysqldump -h localhost -u root -p mydb >e:\MySQL\mydb.sql

鐒跺悗杈撳叆瀵嗙爜,绛夊緟涓�浼氬鍑哄氨鎴愬姛浜�,鍙互鍒扮洰鏍囨枃浠朵腑妫�鏌ユ槸鍚︽垚鍔熴��

渚� 2:灏嗘暟鎹簱 mydb 涓殑 mytable 瀵煎嚭鍒� e:\MySQL\mytable.sql 鏂囦欢涓��

c:\> mysqldump -h localhost -u root -p mydb mytable>e:\MySQL\mytable.sql

渚� 3:灏嗘暟鎹簱 mydb 鐨勭粨鏋勫鍑哄埌 e:\MySQL\mydb_stru.sql 鏂囦欢涓��

c:\> mysqldump -h localhost -u root -p mydb --add-drop-table >e:\MySQL\mydb_stru.sql

澶囨敞:-h localhost 鍙互鐪佺暐,鍏朵竴鑸湪铏氭嫙涓绘満涓婄敤銆�

3)鍙鍑烘暟鎹笉瀵煎嚭鏁版嵁缁撴瀯

鏍煎紡:

mysqldump -u [鏁版嵁搴撶敤鎴峰悕] -p -t [瑕佸浠界殑鏁版嵁搴撳悕绉癩>[澶囦唤鏂囦欢鐨勪繚瀛樿矾寰刔

4)瀵煎嚭鏁版嵁搴撲腑鐨凟vents

鏍煎紡:mysqldump -u [鏁版嵁搴撶敤鎴峰悕] -p -E [鏁版嵁搴撶敤鎴峰悕]>[澶囦唤鏂囦欢鐨勪繚瀛樿矾寰刔

5)瀵煎嚭鏁版嵁搴撲腑鐨勫瓨鍌ㄨ繃绋嬪拰鍑芥暟

鏍煎紡:mysqldump -u [鏁版嵁搴撶敤鎴峰悕] -p -R [鏁版嵁搴撶敤鎴峰悕]>[澶囦唤鏂囦欢鐨勪繚瀛樿矾寰刔

浠庡閮ㄦ枃浠跺鍏ユ暟鎹簱涓�

1)浣跨敤鈥渟ource鈥濆懡浠�

棣栧厛杩涘叆鈥渕ysql鈥濆懡浠ゆ帶鍒跺彴,鐒跺悗鍒涘缓鏁版嵁搴�,鐒跺悗浣跨敤璇ユ暟鎹簱銆傛渶鍚庢墽琛屼笅闈㈡搷浣溿��

mysql>source [澶囦唤鏂囦欢鐨勪繚瀛樿矾寰刔

2)浣跨敤鈥�<鈥濈鍙�

棣栧厛杩涘叆鈥渕ysql鈥濆懡浠ゆ帶鍒跺彴,鐒跺悗鍒涘缓鏁版嵁搴�,鐒跺悗閫�鍑� MySQL,杩涘叆 DOS 鐣岄潰銆傛渶鍚庢墽琛屼笅闈㈡搷浣溿��

mysql -u root 鈥損 < [澶囦唤鏂囦欢鐨勪繚瀛樿矾寰刔

鍏�佸浠芥暟鎹簱锛�

娉ㄦ剰锛宮ysqldump鍛戒护鍦―OS鐨� mysql\bin 鐩綍涓嬫墽琛�,涓嶈兘鍦╩ysql鐜涓嬫墽琛岋紝鍥犳锛屼笉鑳戒互鍒嗗彿鈥�;鈥濈粨灏俱�傝嫢宸茬櫥闄唌ysql锛岃杩愯閫�鍑哄懡浠ysql> exit

1.瀵煎嚭鏁翠釜鏁版嵁搴�

瀵煎嚭鏂囦欢榛樿鏄瓨鍦╩ysql\bin鐩綍涓�

mysqldump -u鐢ㄦ埛鍚� -p鏁版嵁搴撳悕 > 瀵煎嚭鐨勬枃浠跺悕

mysqldump -uroot -p123456 database_name > outfile_name.sql

2.瀵煎嚭涓�涓〃

mysqldump -u 鐢ㄦ埛鍚� -p 鏁版嵁搴撳悕 琛ㄥ悕> 瀵煎嚭鐨勬枃浠跺悕

mysqldump -u user_name -p database_name table_name > outfile_name.sql

3.瀵煎嚭涓�涓暟鎹簱缁撴瀯

mysqldump -u user_name -p -d 鈥揳dd-drop-table database_name > outfile_name.sql

-d 娌℃湁鏁版嵁 鈥揳dd-drop-table 鍦ㄦ瘡涓猚reate璇彞涔嬪墠澧炲姞涓�涓猟rop table

4.甯﹁瑷�鍙傛暟瀵煎嚭

mysqldump -uroot -p 鈥揹efault-character-set=latin1 鈥搒et-charset=gbk 鈥搒kip-opt database_name > outfile_name.sql

涓冦�佸皢鏂囨湰鏁版嵁杞埌鏁版嵁搴撲腑

1銆佹枃鏈暟鎹簲绗﹀悎鐨勬牸寮忥細瀛楁鏁版嵁涔嬮棿鐢╰ab閿殧寮�锛宯ull鍊肩敤\n鏉ヤ唬鏇�.渚嬶細

3 rose 澶ц繛浜屼腑 1976-10-10

4 mike 澶ц繛涓�涓� 1975-12-23

鍋囪浣犳妸杩欎袱缁勬暟鎹瓨涓簊chool.txt鏂囦欢锛屾斁鍦╟鐩樻牴鐩綍涓嬨��

2銆佹暟鎹紶鍏ュ懡浠�

mysql> load data local infile "c:\school.txt" into table 琛ㄥ悕;

娉ㄦ剰锛氫綘鏈�濂藉皢鏂囦欢澶嶅埗鍒癿ysql\bin鐩綍涓嬶紝骞朵笖瑕佸厛鐢╱se鍛戒护鎵撹〃鎵�鍦ㄧ殑搴撱��

鍏�佸琛ㄧ殑鎿嶄綔

1銆佹樉绀烘暟鎹〃鐨勭粨鏋勶細

mysql> DESCRIBE 琛ㄥ悕; 锛圖ESC 琛ㄥ悕锛�

2銆佸缓绔嬫暟鎹〃锛�

mysql> USE 搴撳悕; //杩涘叆鏁版嵁搴�

mysql> CREATE TABLE 琛ㄥ悕 (瀛楁鍚� VARCHAR(20), 瀛楁鍚� CHAR(1));

3銆佸垹闄ゆ暟鎹〃锛�

mysql> DROP TABLE 琛ㄥ悕锛�

4銆侀噸鍛藉悕鏁版嵁琛�

alter table t1 rename t2;

5銆佹樉绀鸿〃涓殑璁板綍锛�

mysql> SELECT * FROM 琛ㄥ悕;

6銆佸線琛ㄤ腑鎻掑叆璁板綍锛�

mysql> INSERT INTO 琛ㄥ悕 VALUES (鈥漢yq鈥�,鈥滿鈥�);

7銆佹洿鏂拌〃涓暟鎹細

mysql-> UPDATE 琛ㄥ悕 SET 瀛楁鍚�1=鈥檃',瀛楁鍚�2=鈥檅鈥� WHERE 瀛楁鍚�3=鈥檆';

8銆佸皢琛ㄤ腑璁板綍娓呯┖锛�

mysql> DELETE FROM 琛ㄥ悕;

9銆佺敤鏂囨湰鏂瑰紡灏嗘暟鎹鍏ユ暟鎹〃涓細

mysql> LOAD DATA LOCAL INFILE 鈥淒:/mysql.txt鈥� INTO TABLE 琛ㄥ悕;

10銆� 鏄剧ず琛ㄧ殑瀹氫箟锛岃繕鍙互鐪嬪埌琛ㄧ殑绾︽潫锛屼緥濡傚閿�

mysql> SHOW CREATE TABLE yourtablename ;

杩樺彲浠ラ�氳繃 mysqldump 灏嗚〃鐨勫畬鏁村畾涔夎浆鍌ㄥ埌鏂囦欢涓紝褰撶劧鍖呮嫭澶栭敭瀹氫箟銆�

杩樺彲浠ラ�氳繃涓嬮潰鐨勬寚浠ゅ垪鍑鸿〃 T 鐨勫閿害鏉燂細

mysql> SHOW TABLE STATUS FROM yourdatabasename LIKE 'T'

澶栭敭绾︽潫灏嗕細鍦ㄨ〃娉ㄩ噴涓垪鍑恒��

瀛樺偍杩囩▼

11銆佸垱寤哄瓨鍌ㄨ繃绋�

CREATE PROCEDURE procedureName (in paramentName type, in paramentName type,鈥︹��)

BEGIN

SQL sentences;

END

12銆佽皟鐢ㄥ瓨鍌ㄨ繃绋�

mysql> CALL procedureName(paramentList);

渚嬶細mysql> CALL addMoney(12, 500);

13銆佹煡鐪嬬壒瀹氭暟鎹簱鐨勫瓨鍌ㄨ繃绋�

鏂规硶涓�锛歮ysql> SELECT `name` FROM mysql.proc WHERE db = 'your_db_name' AND `type` = 'PROCEDURE'

鏂规硶浜岋細mysql> show procedure status;

14銆佸垹闄ゅ瓨鍌ㄨ繃绋�

mysql> DROP PROCEDURE procedure_name;

mysql> DROP PROCEDURE IF EXISTS procedure_name;

15銆佹煡鐪嬫寚瀹氱殑瀛樺偍杩囩▼瀹氫箟

mysql> SHOW CREATE PROCEDURE proc_name;

mysql> SHOW CREATE FUNCTION func_name;

---------- 绀轰緥涓�-----------

mysql> DELIMITER $$

mysql> USE `db_name`$$ //閫夋嫨鏁版嵁搴�

mysql> DROP PROCEDURE IF EXISTS `addMoney`$$ //濡傛灉瀛樺湪鍚屽悕瀛樺偍杩囩▼锛屽垯鍒犻櫎涔�

mysql> CREATE DEFINER= `root`@`localhost` PROCEDURE `addMoney`(IN xid INT(5),IN xmoney INT(6))

mysql> BEGIN

mysql> UPDATE USER u SET u.money = u.money + xmoney WHERE u.id = xid; //鍒嗗彿";"涓嶄細瀵艰嚧璇彞鎵ц锛屽洜涓哄綋鍓嶇殑鍒嗗壊绗﹁瀹氫箟涓�$$

mysql> END$$ //缁堟

mysql> DELIMITER ; //鎶婂垎鍓茬鏀瑰洖鍒嗗彿";"

mysql> call addMoney(5,1000); //鎵ц瀛樺偍杩囩▼

---------- 绀轰緥浜�-----------

mysql> delimiter //

mysql> create procedure proc_name (in parameter integer)

mysql> begin

mysql> if parameter=0 then

mysql> select * from user order by id asc;

mysql> else

mysql> select * from user order by id desc;

mysql> end if;

mysql> end;

mysql> // //姝ゅ鈥�//鈥濅负缁堟绗�

mysql> delimiter ;

mysql> show warnings;

mysql> call proc_name(1);

mysql> call proc_name(0);

涔濄�佷慨鏀硅〃鐨勫垪灞炴�х殑鎿嶄綔

1銆佷负浜嗘敼鍙樺垪a锛屼粠INTEGER鏀逛负TINYINT NOT NULL(鍚嶅瓧涓�鏍�)锛�

骞朵笖鏀瑰彉鍒梑锛屼粠CHAR(10)鏀逛负CHAR(20)锛屽悓鏃堕噸鍛藉悕瀹冿紝浠巄鏀逛负c:

mysql> ALTER TABLE t2 MODIFY a TINYINT NOT NULL, CHANGE b c CHAR(20);

2銆佸鍔犱竴涓柊TIMESTAMP鍒楋紝鍚嶄负d锛�

mysql> ALTER TABLE t2 ADD d TIMESTAMP;

3銆佸湪鍒梔涓婂鍔犱竴涓储寮曪紝骞朵笖浣垮垪a涓轰富閿細

mysql> ALTER TABLE t2 ADD INDEX (d), ADD PRIMARY KEY (a);

4銆佸垹闄ゅ垪c锛�

mysql> ALTER TABLE t2 DROP COLUMN c;

5銆佸鍔犱竴涓柊鐨凙UTO_INCREMENT鏁存暟鍒楋紝鍛藉悕涓篶锛�

mysql> ALTER TABLE t2 ADD c INT UNSIGNED NOT NULL AUTO_INCREMENT,ADD INDEX (c);

娉ㄦ剰锛屾垜浠储寮曚簡c锛屽洜涓篈UTO_INCREMENT鏌卞繀椤昏绱㈠紩锛屽苟涓斿彟澶栨垜浠０鏄巆涓篘OT NULL锛�

鍥犱负绱㈠紩浜嗙殑鍒椾笉鑳芥槸NULL

鍗併�佷竴涓缓搴撳拰寤鸿〃浠ュ強鎻掑叆鏁版嵁鐨勫疄渚�

drop database if exists school; //濡傛灉瀛樺湪SCHOOL鍒欏垹闄�

create database school; //寤虹珛搴揝CHOOL

use school; //鎵撳紑搴揝CHOOL

create table teacher //寤虹珛琛═EACHER

(

id int(3) auto_increment not null primary key,

name char(10) not null,

address varchar(50) default 鈥樻繁鍦斥��,

year date

); //寤鸿〃缁撴潫

//浠ヤ笅涓烘彃鍏ュ瓧娈�

insert into teacher values('','allen','澶ц繛涓�涓�','1976-10-10');

insert into teacher values('','jack','澶ц繛浜屼腑','1975-12-23');

濡傛灉浣犲湪mysql鎻愮ず绗﹂敭鍏ヤ笂闈㈢殑鍛戒护涔熷彲浠ワ紝浣嗕笉鏂逛究璋冭瘯銆�

锛�1锛変綘鍙互灏嗕互涓婂懡浠ゅ師鏍峰啓鍏ヤ竴涓枃鏈枃浠朵腑锛屽亣璁句负school.sql锛岀劧鍚庡鍒跺埌c:\涓嬶紝骞跺湪DOS鐘舵�佽繘鍏ョ洰褰昞mysql\bin锛岀劧鍚庨敭鍏ヤ互涓嬪懡浠わ細

mysql -uroot -p瀵嗙爜 < c:\school.sql

濡傛灉鎴愬姛锛岀┖鍑轰竴琛屾棤浠讳綍鏄剧ず锛涘鏈夐敊璇紝浼氭湁鎻愮ず銆傦紙浠ヤ笂鍛戒护宸茬粡璋冭瘯锛屼綘鍙灏�//鐨勬敞閲婂幓鎺夊嵆鍙娇鐢級銆�

锛�2锛夋垨鑰呰繘鍏ュ懡浠よ鍚庝娇鐢� mysql> source c:\school.sql; 涔熷彲浠ュ皢school.sql鏂囦欢瀵煎叆鏁版嵁搴撲腑銆�

MySQL 涓哄叧绯诲瀷鏁版嵁搴�(Relational Database Management System), 杩欑鎵�璋撶殑"鍏崇郴鍨�"鍙互鐞嗚В涓�"琛ㄦ牸"鐨勬蹇�, 涓�涓叧绯诲瀷鏁版嵁搴撶敱涓�涓垨鏁颁釜琛ㄦ牸缁勬垚, 濡傚浘鎵�绀虹殑涓�涓〃鏍�:

琛ㄥご(header): 姣忎竴鍒楃殑鍚嶇О;

鍒�(row): 鍏锋湁鐩稿悓鏁版嵁绫诲瀷鐨勬暟鎹殑闆嗗悎;

琛�(col): 姣忎竴琛岀敤鏉ユ弿杩版煇涓汉/鐗╃殑鍏蜂綋淇℃伅;

鍊�(value): 琛岀殑鍏蜂綋淇℃伅, 姣忎釜鍊煎繀椤讳笌璇ュ垪鐨勬暟鎹被鍨嬬浉鍚�;

閿�(key): 琛ㄤ腑鐢ㄦ潵璇嗗埆鏌愪釜鐗瑰畾鐨勪汉\鐗╃殑鏂规硶, 閿殑鍊煎湪褰撳墠鍒椾腑鍏锋湁鍞竴鎬с��

MySQL鑴氭湰鐨勫熀鏈粍鎴�

涓庡父瑙勭殑鑴氭湰璇█绫讳技, MySQL 涔熷叿鏈変竴濂楀瀛楃銆佸崟璇嶄互鍙婄壒娈婄鍙风殑浣跨敤瑙勫畾, MySQL 閫氳繃鎵ц SQL 鑴氭湰鏉ュ畬鎴愬鏁版嵁搴撶殑鎿嶄綔, 璇ヨ剼鏈敱涓�鏉℃垨澶氭潯MySQL璇彞(SQL璇彞 + 鎵╁睍璇彞)缁勬垚, 淇濆瓨鏃惰剼鏈枃浠跺悗缂�鍚嶄竴鑸负 .sql銆傚湪鎺у埗鍙颁笅, MySQL 瀹㈡埛绔篃鍙互瀵硅鍙ヨ繘琛屽崟鍙ョ殑鎵ц鑰屼笉鐢ㄤ繚瀛樹负.sql鏂囦欢銆�

鏍囪瘑绗�

鏍囪瘑绗︾敤鏉ュ懡鍚嶄竴浜涘璞�, 濡傛暟鎹簱銆佽〃銆佸垪銆佸彉閲忕瓑, 浠ヤ究鍦ㄨ剼鏈腑鐨勫叾浠栧湴鏂瑰紩鐢ㄣ�侻ySQL鏍囪瘑绗﹀懡鍚嶈鍒欑◢寰湁鐐圭箒鐞�, 杩欓噷鎴戜滑浣跨敤涓囪兘鍛藉悕瑙勫垯: 鏍囪瘑绗︾敱瀛楁瘝銆佹暟瀛楁垨涓嬪垝绾�(_)缁勬垚, 涓旂涓�涓瓧绗﹀繀椤绘槸瀛楁瘝鎴栦笅鍒掔嚎銆�

瀵逛簬鏍囪瘑绗︽槸鍚﹀尯鍒嗗ぇ灏忓啓鍙栧喅浜庡綋鍓嶇殑鎿嶄綔绯荤粺, Windows涓嬫槸涓嶆晱鎰熺殑, 浣嗗浜庡ぇ澶氭暟 linux\unix 绯荤粺鏉ヨ, 杩欎簺鏍囪瘑绗﹀ぇ灏忓啓鏄晱鎰熺殑銆�

MySQL涓殑鏁版嵁绫诲瀷

MySQL鏈変笁澶х被鏁版嵁绫诲瀷, 鍒嗗埆涓烘暟瀛椼�佹棩鏈焅鏃堕棿銆佸瓧绗︿覆, 杩欎笁澶х被涓張鏇寸粏鑷寸殑鍒掑垎浜嗚澶氬瓙绫诲瀷:

鏁板瓧绫诲瀷

鏁存暟: tinyint銆乻mallint銆乵ediumint銆乮nt銆乥igint

娴偣鏁�: float銆乨ouble銆乺eal銆乨ecimal

鏃ユ湡鍜屾椂闂�: date銆乼ime銆乨atetime銆乼imestamp銆亂ear

瀛楃涓茬被鍨�

瀛楃涓�: char銆乿archar

鏂囨湰: tinytext銆乼ext銆乵ediumtext銆乴ongtext

浜岃繘鍒�(鍙敤鏉ュ瓨鍌ㄥ浘鐗囥�侀煶涔愮瓑): tinyblob銆乥lob銆乵ediumblob銆乴ongblob

璇︾粏浠嬬粛鍙傝: 銆奙ySQL鏁版嵁绫诲瀷銆� : http://www.cnblogs.com/zbseoag/archive/2013/03/19/2970004.html

浣跨敤MySQL鏁版嵁搴�

鐧诲綍鍒癕ySQL

褰� MySQL 鏈嶅姟宸茬粡杩愯鏃�, 鎴戜滑鍙互閫氳繃MySQL鑷甫鐨勫鎴风宸ュ叿鐧诲綍鍒癕ySQL鏁版嵁搴撲腑, 棣栧厛鎵撳紑鍛戒护鎻愮ず绗�, 杈撳叆浠ヤ笅鏍煎紡鐨勫懡鍚�:

mysql -h 涓绘満鍚� -u 鐢ㄦ埛鍚� -p

-h : 璇ュ懡浠ょ敤浜庢寚瀹氬鎴风鎵�瑕佺櫥褰曠殑MySQL涓绘満鍚�, 鐧诲綍褰撳墠鏈哄櫒璇ュ弬鏁板彲浠ョ渷鐣�;

-u : 鎵�瑕佺櫥褰曠殑鐢ㄦ埛鍚�;

-p : 鍛婅瘔鏈嶅姟鍣ㄥ皢浼氫娇鐢ㄤ竴涓瘑鐮佹潵鐧诲綍, 濡傛灉鎵�瑕佺櫥褰曠殑鐢ㄦ埛鍚嶅瘑鐮佷负绌�, 鍙互蹇界暐姝ら�夐」銆�

浠ョ櫥褰曞垰鍒氬畨瑁呭湪鏈満鐨凪ySQL鏁版嵁搴撲负渚�, 鍦ㄥ懡浠よ涓嬭緭鍏� mysql -u root -p 鎸夊洖杞︾‘璁�, 濡傛灉瀹夎姝ｇ‘涓擬ySQL姝ｅ湪杩愯, 浼氬緱鍒颁互涓嬪搷搴�:

Enter password:

鑻ュ瘑鐮佸瓨鍦�, 杈撳叆瀵嗙爜鐧诲綍, 涓嶅瓨鍦ㄥ垯鐩存帴鎸夊洖杞︾櫥褰�, 鎸夌収鏈枃涓殑瀹夎鏂规硶, 榛樿 root 璐﹀彿鏄棤瀵嗙爜鐨勩�傜櫥褰曟垚鍔熷悗浣犲皢浼氱湅鍒� Welecome to the MySQL monitor... 鐨勬彁绀鸿銆�

鐒跺悗鍛戒护鎻愮ず绗︿細涓�鐩翠互 mysql> 鍔犱竴涓棯鐑佺殑鍏夋爣绛夊緟鍛戒护鐨勮緭鍏�, 杈撳叆 exit 鎴� quit 閫�鍑虹櫥褰曘��

鍒涘缓涓�涓暟鎹簱

浣跨敤 create database 璇彞鍙畬鎴愬鏁版嵁搴撶殑鍒涘缓, 鍒涘缓鍛戒护鐨勬牸寮忓涓�:

create database 鏁版嵁搴撳悕 [鍏朵粬閫夐」];

渚嬪鎴戜滑闇�瑕佸垱寤轰竴涓悕涓� samp_db 鐨勬暟鎹簱, 鍦ㄥ懡浠よ涓嬫墽琛屼互涓嬪懡浠�:

create database samp_db character set gbk;

涓轰簡渚夸簬鍦ㄥ懡浠ゆ彁绀虹涓嬫樉绀轰腑鏂�, 鍦ㄥ垱寤烘椂閫氳繃 character set gbk 灏嗘暟鎹簱瀛楃缂栫爜鎸囧畾涓� gbk銆傚垱寤烘垚鍔熸椂浼氬緱鍒� Query OK, 1 row affected(0.02 sec) 鐨勫搷搴斻��

娉ㄦ剰: MySQL璇彞浠ュ垎鍙�(;)浣滀负璇彞鐨勭粨鏉�, 鑻ュ湪璇彞缁撳熬涓嶆坊鍔犲垎鍙锋椂, 鍛戒护鎻愮ず绗︿細浠� -> 鎻愮ず浣犵户缁緭鍏�(鏈変釜鍒壒渚�, 浣嗗姞鍒嗗彿鏄竴瀹氫笉浼氶敊鐨�);

鎻愮ず: 鍙互浣跨敤 show databases; 鍛戒护鏌ョ湅宸茬粡鍒涘缓浜嗗摢浜涙暟鎹簱銆�

閫夋嫨鎵�瑕佹搷浣滅殑鏁版嵁搴�

瑕佸涓�涓暟鎹簱杩涜鎿嶄綔, 蹇呴』鍏堥�夋嫨璇ユ暟鎹簱, 鍚﹀垯浼氭彁绀洪敊璇�:

ERROR 1046(3D000): No database selected

涓ょ鏂瑰紡瀵规暟鎹簱杩涜浣跨敤鐨勯�夋嫨:

涓�: 鍦ㄧ櫥褰曟暟鎹簱鏃舵寚瀹�, 鍛戒护: mysql -D 鎵�閫夋嫨鐨勬暟鎹簱鍚� -h 涓绘満鍚� -u 鐢ㄦ埛鍚� -p

渚嬪鐧诲綍鏃堕�夋嫨鍒氬垰鍒涘缓鐨勬暟鎹簱: mysql -D samp_db -u root -p

浜�: 鍦ㄧ櫥褰曞悗浣跨敤 use 璇彞鎸囧畾, 鍛戒护: use 鏁版嵁搴撳悕;

use 璇彞鍙互涓嶅姞鍒嗗彿, 鎵ц use samp_db 鏉ラ�夋嫨鍒氬垰鍒涘缓鐨勬暟鎹簱, 閫夋嫨鎴愬姛鍚庝細鎻愮ず: Database changed

鍒涘缓鏁版嵁搴撹〃

浣跨敤 create table 璇彞鍙畬鎴愬琛ㄧ殑鍒涘缓, create table 鐨勫父瑙佸舰寮�:

create table 琛ㄥ悕绉�(鍒楀０鏄�);

浠ュ垱寤� students 琛ㄤ负渚�, 琛ㄤ腑灏嗗瓨鏀� 瀛﹀彿(id)銆佸鍚�(name)銆佹�у埆(sex)銆佸勾榫�(age)銆佽仈绯荤數璇�(tel) 杩欎簺鍐呭:

聽 聽 create table students

聽 聽 锛�

聽 聽 聽 聽 id int unsigned not null auto_increment primary key,

聽 聽 聽 聽 name char(8) not null,

聽 聽 聽 聽 sex char(4) not null,

聽 聽 聽 聽 age tinyint unsigned not null,

聽 聽 聽 聽 tel char(13) null default "-"

聽 聽 );

瀵逛簬涓�浜涜緝闀跨殑璇彞鍦ㄥ懡浠ゆ彁绀虹涓嬪彲鑳藉鏄撹緭閿�, 鍥犳鎴戜滑鍙互閫氳繃浠讳綍鏂囨湰缂栬緫鍣ㄥ皢璇彞杈撳叆濂藉悗淇濆瓨涓� createtable.sql 鐨勬枃浠朵腑, 閫氳繃鍛戒护鎻愮ず绗︿笅鐨勬枃浠堕噸瀹氬悜鎵ц鎵ц璇ヨ剼鏈��

鎵撳紑鍛戒护鎻愮ず绗�, 杈撳叆: mysql -D samp_db -u root -p < createtable.sql

(鎻愮ず: 1.濡傛灉杩炴帴杩滅▼涓绘満璇峰姞涓� -h 鎸囦护; 2. createtable.sql 鏂囦欢鑻ヤ笉鍦ㄥ綋鍓嶅伐浣滅洰褰曚笅闇�鎸囧畾鏂囦欢鐨勫畬鏁磋矾寰勩��)

璇彞瑙ｈ:

create table tablename(columns) 涓哄垱寤烘暟鎹簱琛ㄧ殑鍛戒护, 鍒楃殑鍚嶇О浠ュ強璇ュ垪鐨勬暟鎹被鍨嬪皢鍦ㄦ嫭鍙峰唴瀹屾垚;

鎷彿鍐呭０鏄庝簡5鍒楀唴瀹�, id銆乶ame銆乻ex銆乤ge銆乼el涓烘瘡鍒楃殑鍚嶇О, 鍚庨潰璺熺殑鏄暟鎹被鍨嬫弿杩�, 鍒椾笌鍒楃殑鎻忚堪涔嬮棿鐢ㄩ�楀彿(,)闅斿紑;

浠� "id int unsigned not null auto_increment primary key" 琛岃繘琛屼粙缁�:

"id" 涓哄垪鐨勫悕绉�;

"int" 鎸囧畾璇ュ垪鐨勭被鍨嬩负 int(鍙栧�艰寖鍥翠负 -8388608鍒�8388607), 鍦ㄥ悗闈㈡垜浠張鐢� "unsigned" 鍔犱互淇グ, 琛ㄧず璇ョ被鍨嬩负鏃犵鍙峰瀷, 姝ゆ椂璇ュ垪鐨勫彇鍊艰寖鍥翠负 0鍒�16777215;

"not null" 璇存槑璇ュ垪鐨勫�间笉鑳戒负绌�, 蹇呴』瑕佸～, 濡傛灉涓嶆寚瀹氳灞炴��, 榛樿鍙负绌�;

"auto_increment" 闇�鍦ㄦ暣鏁板垪涓娇鐢�, 鍏朵綔鐢ㄦ槸鍦ㄦ彃鍏ユ暟鎹椂鑻ヨ鍒椾负 NULL, MySQL灏嗚嚜鍔ㄤ骇鐢熶竴涓瘮鐜板瓨鍊兼洿澶х殑鍞竴鏍囪瘑绗﹀�笺�傚湪姣忓紶琛ㄤ腑浠呰兘鏈変竴涓繖鏍风殑鍊间笖鎵�鍦ㄥ垪蹇呴』涓虹储寮曞垪銆�

"primary key" 琛ㄧず璇ュ垪鏄〃鐨勪富閿�, 鏈垪鐨勫�煎繀椤诲敮涓�, MySQL灏嗚嚜鍔ㄧ储寮曡鍒椼��

涓嬮潰鐨� char(8) 琛ㄧず瀛樺偍鐨勫瓧绗﹂暱搴︿负8, tinyint鐨勫彇鍊艰寖鍥翠负 -127鍒�128, default 灞炴�ф寚瀹氬綋璇ュ垪鍊间负绌烘椂鐨勯粯璁ゅ�笺��

鏇村鐨勬暟鎹被鍨嬭鍙傞槄 銆奙ySQL鏁版嵁绫诲瀷銆� : http://www.cnblogs.com/zbseoag/archive/2013/03/19/2970004.html

鎻愮ず: 1. 浣跨敤 show tables; 鍛戒护鍙煡鐪嬪凡鍒涘缓浜嗚〃鐨勫悕绉�; 2. 浣跨敤 describe 琛ㄥ悕; 鍛戒护鍙煡鐪嬪凡鍒涘缓鐨勮〃鐨勮缁嗕俊鎭��

鎿嶄綔MySQL鏁版嵁搴�

鍚戣〃涓彃鍏ユ暟鎹�

insert 璇彞鍙互鐢ㄦ潵灏嗕竴琛屾垨澶氳鏁版嵁鎻掑埌鏁版嵁搴撹〃涓�, 浣跨敤鐨勪竴鑸舰寮忓涓�:

insert [into] 琛ㄥ悕 [(鍒楀悕1, 鍒楀悕2, 鍒楀悕3, ...)] values (鍊�1, 鍊�2, 鍊�3, ...);

鍏朵腑 [] 鍐呯殑鍐呭鏄彲閫夌殑, 渚嬪, 瑕佺粰 samp_db 鏁版嵁搴撲腑鐨� students 琛ㄦ彃鍏ヤ竴鏉¤褰�, 鎵ц璇彞:

insert into students values(NULL, "鐜嬪垰", "鐢�", 20, "13811371377");

鎸夊洖杞﹂敭纭鍚庤嫢鎻愮ず Query Ok, 1 row affected (0.05 sec) 琛ㄧず鏁版嵁鎻掑叆鎴愬姛銆� 鑻ユ彃鍏ュけ璐ヨ妫�鏌ユ槸鍚﹀凡閫夋嫨闇�瑕佹搷浣滅殑鏁版嵁搴撱��

鏈夋椂鎴戜滑鍙渶瑕佹彃鍏ラ儴鍒嗘暟鎹�, 鎴栬�呬笉鎸夌収鍒楃殑椤哄簭杩涜鎻掑叆, 鍙互浣跨敤杩欐牱鐨勫舰寮忚繘琛屾彃鍏�:

insert into students (name, sex, age) values("瀛欎附鍗�", "濂�", 21);

鏌ヨ琛ㄤ腑鐨勬暟鎹�

select 璇彞甯哥敤鏉ユ牴鎹竴瀹氱殑鏌ヨ瑙勫垯鍒版暟鎹簱涓幏鍙栨暟鎹�, 鍏跺熀鏈殑鐢ㄦ硶涓�:

select 鍒楀悕绉� from 琛ㄥ悕绉� [鏌ヨ鏉′欢];

渚嬪瑕佹煡璇� students 琛ㄤ腑鎵�鏈夊鐢熺殑鍚嶅瓧鍜屽勾榫�, 杈撳叆璇彞 select name, age from students; 鎵ц缁撴灉濡備笅:

聽 聽 mysql> select name, age from students;

聽 聽 +--------+-----+

聽 聽 | name聽 | age |

聽 聽 +--------+-----+

聽 聽 | 鐜嬪垰聽 |聽 20 |

聽 聽 | 瀛欎附鍗� |聽 21 |

聽 聽 | 鐜嬫案鎭� |聽 23 |

聽 聽 | 閮戜繆鏉� |聽 19 |

聽 聽 | 闄堣姵聽 |聽 22 |

聽 聽 | 寮犱紵鏈� |聽 21 |

聽 聽 +--------+-----+

聽 聽 6 rows in set (0.00 sec)

聽 聽 mysql>

涔熷彲浠ヤ娇鐢ㄩ�氶厤绗� * 鏌ヨ琛ㄤ腑鎵�鏈夌殑鍐呭, 璇彞: select * from students;

鎸夌壒瀹氭潯浠舵煡璇�:

where 鍏抽敭璇嶇敤浜庢寚瀹氭煡璇㈡潯浠�, 鐢ㄦ硶褰㈠紡涓�: select 鍒楀悕绉� from 琛ㄥ悕绉� where 鏉′欢;

浠ユ煡璇㈡墍鏈夋�у埆涓哄コ鐨勪俊鎭负渚�, 杈撳叆鏌ヨ璇彞: select * from students where sex="濂�";

where 瀛愬彞涓嶄粎浠呮敮鎸� "where 鍒楀悕 = 鍊�" 杩欑鍚嶇瓑浜庡�肩殑鏌ヨ褰㈠紡, 瀵逛竴鑸殑姣旇緝杩愮畻鐨勮繍绠楃閮芥槸鏀寔鐨�, 渚嬪 =銆�>銆�<銆�>=銆�<銆�!= 浠ュ強涓�浜涙墿灞曡繍绠楃 is [not] null銆乮n銆乴ike 绛夌瓑銆� 杩樺彲浠ュ鏌ヨ鏉′欢浣跨敤 or 鍜� and 杩涜缁勫悎鏌ヨ, 浠ュ悗杩樹細瀛﹀埌鏇村姞楂樼骇鐨勬潯浠舵煡璇㈡柟寮�, 杩欓噷涓嶅啀澶氬仛浠嬬粛銆�

绀轰緥:

鏌ヨ骞撮緞鍦�21宀佷互涓婄殑鎵�鏈変汉淇℃伅: select * from students where age > 21;

鏌ヨ鍚嶅瓧涓甫鏈� "鐜�" 瀛楃殑鎵�鏈変汉淇℃伅: select * from students where name like "%鐜�%";

鏌ヨid灏忎簬5涓斿勾榫勫ぇ浜�20鐨勬墍鏈変汉淇℃伅: select * from students where id<5 and age>20;

鏇存柊琛ㄤ腑鐨勬暟鎹�

update 璇彞鍙敤鏉ヤ慨鏀硅〃涓殑鏁版嵁, 鍩烘湰鐨勪娇鐢ㄥ舰寮忎负:

update 琛ㄥ悕绉� set 鍒楀悕绉�=鏂板�� where 鏇存柊鏉′欢;

浣跨敤绀轰緥:

灏唅d涓�5鐨勬墜鏈哄彿鏀逛负榛樿鐨�"-": update students set tel=default where id=5;

灏嗘墍鏈変汉鐨勫勾榫勫鍔�1: update students set age=age+1;

灏嗘墜鏈哄彿涓� 13288097888 鐨勫鍚嶆敼涓� "寮犱紵楣�", 骞撮緞鏀逛负 19: update students set name="寮犱紵楣�", age=19 where tel="13288097888";

鍒犻櫎琛ㄤ腑鐨勬暟鎹�

delete 璇彞鐢ㄤ簬鍒犻櫎琛ㄤ腑鐨勬暟鎹�, 鍩烘湰鐢ㄦ硶涓�:

delete from 琛ㄥ悕绉� where 鍒犻櫎鏉′欢;

浣跨敤绀轰緥:

鍒犻櫎id涓�2鐨勮: delete from students where id=2;

鍒犻櫎鎵�鏈夊勾榫勫皬浜�21宀佺殑鏁版嵁: delete from students where age<20;

鍒犻櫎琛ㄤ腑鐨勬墍鏈夋暟鎹�: delete from students;

鍒涘缓鍚庤〃鐨勪慨鏀�

alter table 璇彞鐢ㄤ簬鍒涘缓鍚庡琛ㄧ殑淇敼, 鍩虹鐢ㄦ硶濡備笅:

娣诲姞鍒�

鍩烘湰褰㈠紡: alter table 琛ㄥ悕 add 鍒楀悕 鍒楁暟鎹被鍨� [after 鎻掑叆浣嶇疆];

绀轰緥:

鍦ㄨ〃鐨勬渶鍚庤拷鍔犲垪 address: alter table students add address char(60);

鍦ㄥ悕涓� age 鐨勫垪鍚庢彃鍏ュ垪 birthday: alter table students add birthday date after age;

淇敼鍒�

鍩烘湰褰㈠紡: alter table 琛ㄥ悕 change 鍒楀悕绉� 鍒楁柊鍚嶇О 鏂版暟鎹被鍨�;

绀轰緥:

灏嗚〃 tel 鍒楁敼鍚嶄负 telphone: alter table students change tel telphone char(13) default "-";

灏� name 鍒楃殑鏁版嵁绫诲瀷鏀逛负 char(16): alter table students change name name char(16) not null;

鍒犻櫎鍒�

鍩烘湰褰㈠紡: alter table 琛ㄥ悕 drop 鍒楀悕绉�;

绀轰緥:

鍒犻櫎 birthday 鍒�: alter table students drop birthday;

閲嶅懡鍚嶈〃

鍩烘湰褰㈠紡: alter table 琛ㄥ悕 rename 鏂拌〃鍚�;

绀轰緥:

閲嶅懡鍚� students 琛ㄤ负 workmates: alter table students rename workmates;

鍒犻櫎鏁村紶琛�

鍩烘湰褰㈠紡: drop table 琛ㄥ悕;

绀轰緥: 鍒犻櫎 workmates 琛�: drop table workmates;

鍒犻櫎鏁翠釜鏁版嵁搴�

鍩烘湰褰㈠紡: drop database 鏁版嵁搴撳悕;

绀轰緥: 鍒犻櫎 samp_db 鏁版嵁搴�: drop database samp_db;

闄勫綍

淇敼 root 鐢ㄦ埛瀵嗙爜

鎸夌収鏈枃鐨勫畨瑁呮柟寮�, root 鐢ㄦ埛榛樿鏄病鏈夊瘑鐮佺殑, 閲嶈 root 瀵嗙爜鐨勬柟寮忎篃杈冨, 杩欓噷浠呬粙缁嶄竴绉嶈緝甯哥敤鐨勬柟寮忋��

浣跨敤 mysqladmin 鏂瑰紡:

鎵撳紑鍛戒护鎻愮ず绗︾晫闈�, 鎵ц鍛戒护: mysqladmin -u root -p password 鏂板瘑鐮�

鎵ц鍚庢彁绀鸿緭鍏ユ棫瀵嗙爜瀹屾垚瀵嗙爜淇敼, 褰撴棫瀵嗙爜涓虹┖鏃剁洿鎺ユ寜鍥炶溅閿‘璁ゅ嵆鍙��

鍙鍖栫鐞嗗伐鍏� MySQL Workbench

灏界鎴戜滑鍙互鍦ㄥ懡浠ゆ彁绀虹涓嬮�氳繃涓�琛岃鐨勮緭鍏ユ垨鑰呴�氳繃閲嶅畾鍚戞枃浠舵潵鎵цmysql璇彞, 浣嗚鏂瑰紡鏁堢巼杈冧綆, 鐢变簬娌℃湁鎵ц鍓嶇殑璇硶鑷姩妫�鏌�, 杈撳叆澶辫閫犳垚鐨勪竴浜涢敊璇殑鍙兘鎬т細澶уぇ澧炲姞, 杩欐椂涓嶅Θ璇曡瘯涓�浜涘彲瑙嗗寲鐨凪ySQL鏁版嵁搴撶鐞嗗伐鍏�, MySQL Workbench 灏辨槸 MySQL 瀹樻柟 涓� MySQL 鎻愪緵鐨勪竴娆惧彲瑙嗗寲绠＄悊宸ュ叿, 浣犲彲浠ュ湪閲岄潰閫氳繃鍙鍖栫殑鏂瑰紡鐩存帴绠＄悊鏁版嵁搴撲腑鐨勫唴瀹�, 骞朵笖 MySQL Workbench 鐨� SQL 鑴氭湰缂栬緫鍣ㄦ敮鎸佽娉曢珮浜互鍙婅緭鍏ユ椂鐨勮娉曟鏌�, 褰撶劧, 瀹冪殑鍔熻兘寮哄ぇ, 缁濅笉浠呴檺浜庤繖涓ょ偣銆�

MySQL Workbench瀹樻柟浠嬬粛: http://www.mysql.com/products/workbench/

MySQL Workbench 涓嬭浇椤�: http://dev.mysql.com/downloads/tools/workbench/

涓嬮潰鏄湪linux涓嬬殑甯哥敤鎸囦护锛�

Mysql瀹夎鐩綍

鏁版嵁搴撶洰褰�

/var/lib/mysql/

閰嶇疆鏂囦欢

/usr/share/mysql锛坢ysql.server鍛戒护鍙婇厤缃枃浠讹級

鐩稿叧鍛戒护

/usr/bin(mysqladmin mysqldump绛夊懡浠�)

鍚姩鑴氭湰

/etc/init.d/mysql锛堝惎鍔ㄨ剼鏈枃浠秏ysql鐨勭洰褰曪級

绯荤粺绠＄悊

闄勫綍锛�

瑙ｄ腑鏂囦笉鑳芥彃鍏ユ暟鎹簱鐨勯棶棰樸�傚師浠ヤ负灏嗙紪鐮佽缃负UTF8锛屽涓枃鐨勫鐞嗗氨涓嶄細鍑虹幇闂锛岀劧鍚庨珮楂樺叴鍏寸殑灏卞幓鐜╀簡涓�涓婱ySql锛屽彲鏄氨鏄嚭闂浜嗐�備笉鑳芥彃鍏ヤ腑鏂囷紒锛侊紒锛併��

杩欐槸姝ｅ父鐨勬彃鍏ユ暟鎹細

浣嗘槸鍑哄叆涓枃鏃讹紝鍗存姤閿欎簡銆�

鍦ㄧ櫨鎬濅笉寰楀鐨勬椂鍊欙紝鎴戣�冭檻鍒扮紪鐮侀棶棰橈紝鎵�浠ユ煡鐪嬩簡涓�涓嬬紪鐮佺殑璁剧疆锛寀tf8锛侊紒鎸夌収缃戜笂鐨勮娉曟槸娌￠敊鐨�

鎵�浠ユ垜灏辫嫤鑻﹀啣鎯筹紝闂鍑哄湪浜嗗摢閲岋紝涔熼噸瑁呬簡N娆★紝鎼炵殑鎴戞兂鐮哥數鑴戜簡锛岀綉涓婇偅浜涗笉闈犺氨鐨勮祫鏂欏潙姝荤埞鎴戜簡銆�

椤哄甫璁蹭竴涓嬶紝浠ュ悗鍐嶉噸鏂板畨瑁匨ySql鏃讹紝鑻ュ啀鏈�鍚庝竴姝ュ嚭鐜颁笉鑳藉惎鍔ㄦ湇鍔＄殑閿欒锛屽彲浠ョ湅鐪婥:\Documentsand Settings\AllUsers\Application Data姝ょ洰褰曚笅鐨凪ySql鍖呮湁娌℃湁鍒犻櫎锛岄粯璁や笅锛屾鏂囦欢璺緞鏄殣钘忕殑銆傛病鏈夊垹闄ゆ帀杩欎釜鏂囦欢锛屾槸閲嶈涓嶄簡鐨� 銆備笉鐢ㄦ��鐤戯紝鎴戣瘯杩囦簡銆�

琚玀ySql涓嶈兘鎻掑叆涓枃鐨勯棶棰樻姌纾ㄤ簡涓や釜灏忔椂鍚庯紝鎴戝氨绐佺劧鎯冲埌浜嗘垜浠ュ墠瀹夎鏃朵篃纰板埌杩囷紝鍚庢潵瑙ｅ喅浜嗭紝鏄湁鎬荤粨鍦ㄥ摢閲岀殑锛屾墍浠ュ憿锛屾垜灏辨寜鐓ч偅涓�荤粨鐨勬柟娉曞張鏉ヤ簡涓�娆★紝杩欎笅灏辫浜嗐��

鎸夌収濡備笅鏂规硶聽 淇敼鍑犱釜缂栫爜灏辫

閲嶆柊娴嬭瘯锛屽彲浠ヤ簡

鍦║I涓槸涓嶄細涔辩爜鐨�

SET character_set_client =gbk;聽 //璁剧疆瀹㈡湇绔殑缂栫爜

SET character_set_results =gbk //璁剧疆鏈嶅姟鍣ㄧ缁撴灉杩斿洖鐨勭紪鐮�

SET character_set_connection =gbk //璁剧疆瀹㈡湇绔笌鏈嶅姟绔繛鎺ユ椂鐨勭紪鐮�

=====================================================================

a)聽 聽 鍒涘缓涓�涓狟ookManagement锛堝浘涔︾鐞嗭級鐨勬暟鎹簱

聽 create database bookmanagment;

b)聽 聽 鍒涘缓涓�寮� Book锛堝浘涔︼級 鐨勮〃鏍硷紝鍖呭惈浠ヤ笅瀛楁鍜岃褰曪細

聽 create table book(bookid int(2),name varchar(50),isbn varchar(20),authors varchar(100),category varchar(20),price double(10,2),publisher varchar(50),publishdate date,cover varchar(100),stock int(2));

聽 聽 mysql> insert into book values(1," Java闈㈠悜瀵硅薄缂栫▼","12345","瀛欏崼鐞�","璁＄畻鏈�",78.00,"鐢靛瓙宸ヤ笟","2007-02-01","12345.jpg",5);銆傘�傘�傘�傘�傘�傘�傘�傘�傘�傘�傘�傘�傘�傘�傘�傘�傘�傘�傘�傘�傘�傘�傘�傘�傘�傘�傘�傘�傘�傘�傘�傘�傘�傘�傘�傘�傘�傘�傘�傘�偮� mysql> insert into book values(7,"JSP缂栫▼瀹濆吀","54379","LynnJean","璁＄畻鏈�",102.00,"鏈烘宸ヤ笟","2005-5-1","54379.jpg",7);

聽 聽 mysql> insert into book values(8,"SSH瀹炴垬","21346","GalvinKlein","璁＄畻鏈�",156.00,"鏈烘宸ヤ笟","2007-8-1","21346.jpg",8);

聽 聽 mysql> insert into book values(9,".NET鍜孞AVA閬愭兂","95635","BillGates","璁＄畻鏈�",99.00,"鐢靛瓙宸ヤ笟","2009-10-1","95635.jpg",11);

聽 聽 mysql> insert into book values(10,"鏂逛笌鍦�","76890","閽卞寮�","鏂囧",35.70,"鏈烘宸ヤ笟","2009-3-1","76890.jpg",10);

聽 聽 mysql> insert into book values(11,"缃楅┈鍋囨棩","23457","StenvenQing","鏂囧",56.00,"娓呭崕澶у","2009-9-1","23457.jpg",21);

聽 聽 mysql> insert into book values(12,"MySQL瀹濆吀","96545","MySQLCorp","璁＄畻鏈�",100.9,"娓呭崕澶у","2008-8-1","96545.jpg",1);

c)聽 聽 鍒╃敤Insert聽 into 璇彞鎻掑叆浠ヤ笂鐨勮褰曘��

d)聽 聽 鏌ヨ琛ㄤ腑鎵�鏈夌殑鏁版嵁锛屾寜鍥句功缂栧彿闄嶅簭鎺掑垪锛坥rder by锛�

select * from book order by bookid desc;

e)聽 聽 鏌ヨ琛ㄤ腑鎵�鏈夊嚭鐗堟棩鏈熶负2009骞寸殑鍥句功淇℃伅锛坵here锛�

select * from book where year(publishdate)=鈥�2009鈥�;

f)聽 聽 聽 鍒楀嚭琛ㄤ腑鎵�鏈夊嚭鐗堢ぞ鐨勪俊鎭紙distinct锛�

select distinct publisher from book;

g)聽 聽 鏌ヨ浠锋牸澶т簬100鍏冩垨鑰呭嚭鐗堢ぞ涓� 鈥滄竻鍗庡ぇ瀛︹�� 鐨勫浘涔︿俊鎭紙or锛�

select * from book where price>100 or publisher=鈥濇竻鍗庡ぇ瀛︹��;

h)聽 聽 鏌ヨ鎵�鏈夊浘涔﹀悕甯︽湁鈥渏ava鈥濈殑鍥句功淇℃伅锛坙ike锛�

select * from book where name like 鈥�%java%鈥�;

i)聽 聽 聽 璁＄畻鍥句功绫诲埆涓� 鈥滆绠楁満鈥濈殑鍥句功鏁伴噺锛坓roup by锛�

select category,sum(stock) from book where category=鈥濊绠楁満鈥漡roup by category;

j)聽 聽 聽 璁＄畻姣忎釜鍑虹増绀剧殑鍑虹増鍥句功鏁伴噺锛坓roup by锛�

select publisher,sum(stock) from book group by publisher;

========================================================================

涓� 鍗曡瘝瑙ｉ噴(2鍒�/涓�) 34鍒�

銆�銆�Data 鏁版嵁 Database 鏁版嵁搴� RDBMS 鍏崇郴鏁版嵁搴撶鐞嗙郴缁� GRANT 鎺堟潈

銆�銆�REVOKE 鍙栨秷鏉冮檺 DENY 鎷掔粷鏉冮檺 DECLARE 瀹氫箟鍙橀噺 PROCEDURE瀛樺偍杩囩▼

銆�銆�浜嬪姟 Transaction 瑙﹀彂鍣� TRIGGER 缁х画 continue 鍞竴 unqiue

銆�銆�涓婚敭 primary key 鏍囪瘑鍒� identity 澶栭敭 foreign key 妫�鏌� check

銆�銆�绾︽潫 constraint

--------------------------------------------------------------------

1) 鍒涘缓涓�寮犲鐢熻〃锛屽寘鍚互涓嬩俊鎭紝瀛﹀彿锛屽鍚嶏紝骞撮緞锛屾�у埆锛屽搴綇鍧�锛岃仈绯荤數璇�

create table student

(

瀛﹀彿 int,

濮撳悕 varchar(10),

骞撮緞 int,

鎬у埆 varchar(4),

瀹跺涵浣忓潃 varchar(50),

鑱旂郴鐢佃瘽 varchar(11)

);

--------------------------------------------------------------------

2) 淇敼瀛︾敓琛ㄧ殑缁撴瀯锛屾坊鍔犱竴鍒椾俊鎭紝瀛﹀巻

alter table student add column 瀛﹀巻 varchar(6);

--------------------------------------------------------------------

3) 淇敼瀛︾敓琛ㄧ殑缁撴瀯锛屽垹闄や竴鍒椾俊鎭紝瀹跺涵浣忓潃

alter table student drop column 瀹跺涵浣忓潃;//娉ㄦ剰姝ゅ鐢╠rop鑰岄潪delete

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4) 鍚戝鐢熻〃娣诲姞濡備笅淇℃伅锛�

銆�銆�瀛﹀彿 濮撳悕骞撮緞鎬у埆鑱旂郴鐢佃瘽瀛﹀巻

銆�銆�1A22鐢�123456灏忓

銆�銆�2B21鐢�119涓

銆�銆�3C23鐢�110楂樹腑

銆�銆�4D18濂�114澶у

insert into student (瀛﹀彿,濮撳悕,骞撮緞,鎬у埆,鑱旂郴鐢佃瘽,瀛﹀巻) values(1,"A",22,"鐢�","123456","灏忓");

insert into student (瀛﹀彿,濮撳悕,骞撮緞,鎬у埆,鑱旂郴鐢佃瘽,瀛﹀巻) values(1,"B",21,"鐢�","119","涓");

insert into student (瀛﹀彿,濮撳悕,骞撮緞,鎬у埆,鑱旂郴鐢佃瘽,瀛﹀巻) values(1,"C",23,"鐢�","123456","楂樹腑");

insert into student (瀛﹀彿,濮撳悕,骞撮緞,鎬у埆,鑱旂郴鐢佃瘽,瀛﹀巻) values(1,"D",23,"濂�","114","澶у");

--------------------------------------------------------------------

5) 淇敼瀛︾敓琛ㄧ殑鏁版嵁锛屽皢鐢佃瘽鍙风爜浠�11寮�澶寸殑瀛﹀憳鐨勫鍘嗘敼涓衡�滃ぇ涓撯��

update student set 瀛﹀巻="澶т笓" where 鑱旂郴鐢佃瘽 like "11%";

--------------------------------------------------------------------

6) 鍒犻櫎瀛︾敓琛ㄧ殑鏁版嵁锛屽鍚嶄互C寮�澶达紝鎬у埆涓衡�樼敺'鐨勮褰曞垹闄�

delete from student where 濮撳悕 like "C" and 鎬у埆="鐢�";

--------------------------------------------------------------------

7) 鏌ヨ瀛︾敓琛ㄧ殑鏁版嵁锛屽皢鎵�鏈夊勾榫勫皬浜�22宀佺殑锛屽鍘嗕负鈥滃ぇ涓撯�濈殑锛屽鐢熺殑濮撳悕鍜屽鍙风ず鍑烘潵

select 濮撳悕,瀛﹀彿 from student where 骞撮緞<22 and 瀛﹀巻="澶т笓";

--------------------------------------------------------------------

8) 鏌ヨ瀛︾敓琛ㄧ殑鏁版嵁锛屾煡璇㈡墍鏈変俊鎭紝鍒楀嚭鍓�25%鐨勮褰�

select top 25 percent * from student ; ????

select * from student limit 25%;????

杩欐潯鏈夐棶棰橈紝鍦╯ql 2000涓簲璇ユ槸select top 25 percent * from student ;

--------------------------------------------------------------------

銆�9) 鏌ヨ鍑烘墍鏈夊鐢熺殑濮撳悕锛屾�у埆锛屽勾榫勯檷搴忔帓鍒�

select 濮撳悕,鎬у埆,骞撮緞 from student order by 骞撮緞 desc;

--------------------------------------------------------------------

10) 鎸夌収鎬у埆鍒嗙粍鏌ヨ鎵�鏈夌殑骞冲潎骞撮緞

select avg(骞撮緞) as 骞冲潎骞撮緞 from student group by 鎬у埆;

select avg(骞撮緞) from student group by 鎬у埆;

select avg(骞撮緞) 骞冲潎骞撮緞 from student group by 鎬у埆;

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銆�銆�3) 璇村嚭浠ヤ笅鑱氬悎鏁扮殑鍚箟锛歛vg ,sum ,max ,min , count ,count(*)

銆�銆�AVG:姹傚钩鍧囧��

銆�銆�SUM:姹傚拰

銆�銆�MAX:姹傛渶澶у��

銆�銆�MIN:姹傛渶灏忓��

銆�銆�COUNT(*):杩斿洖鎵�鏈夎鏁�

銆�銆�COUNT杩斿洖婊¤冻鎸囧畾鏉′欢鐨勮褰曞��