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错误整体记录
Nginx
- Connection refused
- Address already in use
- 启动 或重启nginx 的报错
- Linux或windows 使用域名
- 404 Not found
- 403 Forbidden
- Cannot assign requested address
- 304 Not modified
- conflicting server name
- 401 Authorization Required
- 500 Internal Server Error
- no route to host
- Unit is masked.
MySQL错误
ERROR 1045 (28000): Access denied for user 'wordpress'@'localhost' (using password: YES)
一.Nginx错误提示：
1.Connection refused
连接拒绝
root@web01 /etc/nginx]# curl www.oldboy.com
curl: (7) Failed connect to www.oldboy.com:80; Connection refused
服务 是否运行
2Address already in use
nginx正在运行中
[root@web01 ~]# nginx
nginx: [emerg] bind() to 0.0.0.0:80 failed (98: Address already in use)
nginx: [emerg] bind() to 0.0.0.0:80 failed (98: Address already in use)
nginx: [emerg] bind() to 0.0.0.0:80 failed (98: Address already in use)
nginx: [emerg] bind() to 0.0.0.0:80 failed (98: Address already in use)
nginx: [emerg] bind() to 0.0.0.0:80 failed (98: Address already in use)
nginx: [emerg] still could not bind()
nginx 可以运行nginx服务
3. 启动 或重启nginx 的报错
查看详细nginx错误提示 检查语法 nginx -t
systemctl
[root@web-204 html]# systemctl start nginx
Job for nginx.service failed because the control process exited with error code. See "systemctl status nginx.service" and "journalctl -xe" for details.
[root@web-204 html]# nginx -t
nginx: [emerg] unexpected "}" in /etc/nginx/nginx.conf:49
nginx: configuration file /etc/nginx/nginx.conf test failed
4. }不成对 导致故障
5.Linux或windows 使用域名
hosts（linux或windows） 没有解析
[root@web01 /etc/nginx]# curl blog.oldboy.com
Found.
6.nginx: [emerg] directive "server_name" is not terminated by ";" in
server_name 这一行 没有以 ";" 结尾
terminated 结束
[root@wed01 ~]# nginx -t
nginx: [emerg] directive "server_name" is not terminated by ";" in /etc/nginx/nginx.conf:43
nginx: configuration file /etc/nginx/nginx.conf test failed
31 # include /etc/nginx/conf.d/*.conf;
32 server {
33 listen 80;
34 server_name www.oldboy.com;
35 location / {
36 root /usr/share/nginx/html/www;
37 index index.html index.htm;
38 }
39 }
40 server {
41 listen 80;
42 server_name blog.oldboy.com
43 location / {
44 root /usr/share/nginx/html/blog;
45 index index.html index.htm;
46 }
47 }
48
49 }
7.404 not found
[root@web01 ~]# cat /user/share/nginx/html/{www,blog}/index.html
www oldboy.com
blog oldboy.com
[root@web01 ~]# vim /etc/hosts
[root@web01 ~]# curl blog.oldboy.com
404 Not Found
404 Not Found
nginx/1.16.0
8.403 Forbidden
原因1：没有权限
原因2：站点目录中首页文件不存在
模拟权限不足的403
[root@web01 ~]# cd /usr/share/nginx/html/www/
[root@web01 /usr/share/nginx/html/www]# ll
total 4
-rw-r--r-- 1 root root 15 Jun 5 08:39 index.html
[root@web01 /usr/share/nginx/html/www]# chmod 000 index.html
[root@web01 /usr/share/nginx/html/www]# ll
total 4
---------- 1 root root 15 Jun 5 08:39 index.html
[root@web01 /usr/share/nginx/html/www]# curl www.oldboy.com
403 Forbidden
403 Forbidden
nginx/1.16.0
[root@web01 /usr/share/nginx/html/www]# chmod 644 index.html
[root@web01 /usr/share/nginx/html/www]# ll
total 4
-rw-r--r-- 1 root root 15 Jun 5 08:39 index.html
模拟首页文件不存在的403
首页文件不存在 默认找首页文件 403
[root@web01 /usr/share/nginx/html/www]# ll
total 0
[root@web01 /usr/share/nginx/html/www]# curl www.oldboy.com
403 Forbidden
403 Forbidden
nginx/1.16.0
9.Cannot assign requested address
无法分配指定的ip地址
本地没有10.0.0.9ip
[root@web01 /etc/nginx]# nginx -t
nginx: the configuration file /etc/nginx/nginx.conf syntax is ok
nginx: [emerg] bind() to 10.0.0.9:80 failed (99: Cannot assign requested address)
nginx: configuration file /etc/nginx/nginx.conf test failed
解决方法1：添加1个ip地址
ip addr add 10.0.0.9/24 dev eth0 label eth0:1
10. 304 Not Modified 用户读取浏览器缓存
11. conflicting server name
域名冲突： 有两个几个 虚拟主机的域名相同了
[root 12:27:17 @web01 conf.d]# nginx -t
nginx: [warn] conflicting server name "www.oldboy.com" on 0.0.0.0:80, ignored
nginx: the configuration file /etc/nginx/nginx.conf syntax is ok
nginx: configuration file /etc/nginx/nginx.conf test is successful
[root 12:16:28 @web01 ~]# cat /etc/nginx/nginx.conf
user nginx;
worker_processes 1;
error_log /var/log/nginx/error.log warn;
pid /var/run/nginx.pid;
events {
worker_connections 1024;
}
http {
include /etc/nginx/mime.types;
default_type application/octet-stream;
log_format main '$remote_addr - $remote_user [$time_local] "$request" '
'$status $body_bytes_sent "$http_referer" '
'"$http_user_agent" "$http_x_forwarded_for"';
sendfile on;
#tcp_nopush on;
keepalive_timeout 65;
#gzip on;
include /etc/nginx/conf.d/*.conf;
}
[root 12:27:22 @web01 conf.d]# vim 01-www.conf
server {
listen 80;
server_name www.oldboy.com;
#charset koi8-r;
access_log /var/log/nginx/access_www.log main;
location / {
root /usr/share/nginx/html/www;
index index.html index.htm;
}
}
[root 12:29:17 @web01 conf.d]# vim 02-blog.conf
server {
listen 80;
server_name blog.oldboy.com;
#charset koi8-r;
access_log /var/log/nginx/access_blog.log main;
location / {
root /usr/share/nginx/html/blog;
index index.html index.htm;
}
}
[root 12:30:38 @web01 conf.d]# cat 03-status.conf
server {
listen 80;
server_name status.oldboy.com;
stub_status on;
access_log off;
}
[root 12:35:02 @web01 conf.d]# cat default.conf
server {
listen 80;
server_name www.oldboy.com;
location / {
root /usr/share/nginx/html;
index index.html index.htm;
}
}
12. 401 Authorization Required
需要授权的意思，一般是认证失败（用户名和密码）
13. 500 Internal Server Error
原因1：
设置了权限认证auth_basic_user_file 密码文件权限不对导致的
14. invalid variable name
[root@web01 /etc/nginx/conf.d]# nginx -t
nginx: [emerg] invalid variable name in /etc/nginx/conf.d/01-www.conf:18
nginx: configuration file /etc/nginx/nginx.conf test failed
server {
listen 80;
server_name www.oldboy.com;
root html/www;
location / {
return 200 "location / \n";
}
location = / {
return 200 "location = \n";
}
location /documents/ {
return 200 "location /documents/ \n";
}
location ^~ /images/ {
return 200 "location ^~ /images/ \n";
}
location ~* \.(gif|jpg|jpeg)$ {
return 200 "location ~* \.(gif|jpg|jpeg)$ \n";
}
access_log off;
}
15. no route to host
无法到达主机
1.失联
2.防火墙 selinux
16. Unit is masked.
单元被屏蔽
检查nginx的systemctl配置文件
systemctl cat nginx 可以发现
原因，/usr/lib/systemd/system/nginx.serivce 文件被清空 和nginx命令被清空
解决 从 其他机器复制过来即可。
[root@lb02 /etc/nginx]# systemctl start nginx
Failed to start nginx.service: Unit is masked.
17. 编译安装nginx故障 /configure: error: SSL modules require the OpenSSL library.
configure的时候报错 ,ssl模块 需要安装openssl 库
解决yum install openssl-devel #development
/configure: error: SSL modules require the OpenSSL library.
You can either do not enable the modules, or install the OpenSSL library
into the system, or build the OpenSSL library statically from the source
with nginx by using --with-openssl= option.
18. 编译安装 配置的错误
xxxx and xxxx are same file
./configure --prefix=解压的目录
解决: --prefix指定其他目录
image.png
image.png
MySQL 故障
ERROR 1045 (28000): Access denied for user 'wordpress'@'localhost' (using password: YES)
错误： 使用wordpress用户在localhost（本地登录）权限拒绝 （密码是正确的）
解决： MySQL添加用户分为远程登录权限和本地登录权限
这里添加的用户是172.16.1.% 远程登录权限
需要登录的时候加上-h ，本地登录需要授权wordpress@localhost
MariaDB [(none)]> grant all on wordpress.* to 'wordpress'@'172.16.1.%' identified by '123456';
Query OK, 0 rows affected (0.00 sec)
MariaDB [(none)]> select user,host from mysql.user ;
+-----------+------------+
| user | host |
+-----------+------------+
| root | 127.0.0.1 |
| wordpress | 172.16.1.% |
| root | ::1 |
| | localhost |
| root | localhost |
| | web01 |
| root | web01 |
+-----------+------------+
7 rows in set (0.01 sec)
MariaDB [(none)]> Bye
[root@web01 ~]# mysql -uwordpress -p123456
ERROR 1045 (28000): Access denied for user 'wordpress'@'localhost' (using password: YES)