ASP.NET MVC3 验证

今天来看一下在ASP.NET MVC中如何实现系统验证和自定义验证。首先来看看我们都需要写哪些东西。

在Models里面我们用了edmx文件，对于我们要验证的字段我们写了部分类进行验证。当然你也可以将edmx生成poco，然后添加验证。我们就看看siteInformation中是如何写的。

using System;
using System.Collections.Generic;
using System.Linq;
using System.Web;
using System.ComponentModel.DataAnnotations;
namespace OnlinRegistration.Models
{
        [MetadataType( typeof(SiteInformation))]
         public partial class EIF_Sit_Information
        {
        }

         public sealed class SiteInformation
        {
                [Required(AllowEmptyStrings = false, ErrorMessage = "毕业院校不能为空")]
                [StringLength(32, ErrorMessage = "毕业院校不能超过32个字符")]
                 public string graduate_school { set; get; }

                [Required(AllowEmptyStrings = false, ErrorMessage = "证书名称不能为空")]
                [StringLength(32, ErrorMessage = "证书名称不能超过32个字符")]
                 public string certificate_name { set; get; }

                [Required(AllowEmptyStrings = false, ErrorMessage = "证书编号不能为空")]
                [StringLength(32, ErrorMessage = "证书编号不能超过32个字符")]
                 public string certificate_no { set; get; }

                [Required(AllowEmptyStrings = false, ErrorMessage = "所学专业不能为空")]
                [StringLength(32, ErrorMessage = "所学专业不能超过16个字符")]
                 public string prefessional { set; get; }

                [Required(AllowEmptyStrings = false, ErrorMessage = "报考专业不能为空")]
                [MaxLength(32, ErrorMessage = "报考专业代码不能超过32个字符")]
                 public string prefessional_code { set; get; }
        }
}

在这里首先必须引用System.ComponentModel.DataAnnotations命名空间以及.net Assembly。在这里我们用了自带的一些验证。接下来我们看看自定义验证怎么写。先看一个class

public class Student
        {
                 public EIF_Student_Registration_Infos studentRegistration { set; get; }
                 public EIF_Sit_Information sitInformation { set; get; }

                [YearRangeValidation(isValidateEmpty= false)]
                [DisplayName( "年份")]
                 public string workYear { set; get; }

                [MonthRangeValidation(isValidateEmpty= false)]
                [DisplayName( "月份")]
                 public string workMoth { set; get; }
       

 }

看到了吧，写了YearRangeValidation和MonthRangeValidation两个自定义验证。我们看看代码

using System;
using System.Collections.Generic;
using System.Linq;
using System.Web;
using System.Web.Mvc;
using System.ComponentModel.DataAnnotations;
namespace OnlinRegistration.Utility
{
        [AttributeUsage(AttributeTargets.Field | AttributeTargets.Property, AllowMultiple = true, Inherited = true)]
         public class YearRangeValidationAttribute : ValidationAttribute, IClientValidatable
        {
                 public bool isValidateEmpty { set; get; }
                 public YearRangeValidationAttribute()
                        : base( "年份不正确")
                {}

                 public override bool IsValid( object value)
                {
                         if (isValidateEmpty)
                        {
                                 try
                                {
                                         int year = Convert.ToInt32(value);
                                         return DateTime.Now.AddYears(-100).Year <= year && year <= DateTime.Now.Year;
                                }
                                 catch
                                {
                                         return false;
                                }
                        }
                         else
                        {
                                 string year = value as string;
                                 if ( string.IsNullOrEmpty(year))
                                {
                                         return true;
                                }
                                 else
                                {
                                         try
                                        {
                                                 int years = Convert.ToInt32(value);
                                                 return DateTime.Now.AddYears(-100).Year <= years && years <= DateTime.Now.Year;
                                        }
                                         catch
                                        {
                                                 return false;
                                        }
                                }
                        }
                }

                 public IEnumerable GetClientValidationRules(ModelMetadata metadata, ControllerContext context)
                {
                        ModelClientValidationRule rule = new ModelClientValidationRule
                        {
                                ValidationType = "yearrange",
                                ErrorMessage = FormatErrorMessage(metadata.GetDisplayName())
                        };
                        rule.ValidationParameters.Add( "isvalidateempty", isValidateEmpty);
                        yield return rule;
                }
        }
}

ok这就是要验证年份的验证类。他继承ValidationAttribute属性，实现IClientValidatable接口使得其既可以支持后台验证又可以支持前端验证。

我们看看页面上是如何绑定的。在页面上我绑定的是Student这个类。

@model OnlinRegistration.Models.Student

< td style ="background-color: #C4D3FD" align ="right" >
                                                                                                参加工作时间:
                                                                                         td>
                                                                                         < td style ="background-color: #ffffff" align ="left" >
                                                                                                @Html.TextBoxFor(stu => stu.workYear, new { style = "width:80px" }) 年 @Html.TextBoxFor(stu => stu.workMoth, new { style = "width:80px" })
                                                                                                月 @Html.ValidationMessageFor(stu => stu.workYear) @Html.ValidationMessageFor(stu => stu.workMoth)
                                                                                         td>

在这里我对工作年月进行了验证。当然这是后台验证，我们还需要写一些前台验证的js

$.validator.addMethod( "yearrange", function (value, element, param) {
                         var isValidateEmpty = Boolean.parse(param);
                         if (isValidateEmpty) {
                                 var standby = /^\+?[1-9][0-9]*$/;
                                 return standby.test(value) && parseInt(value) >= new Date().getFullYear() - 100 && parseInt(value) <= new Date().getFullYear();
                        }
                         else {
                                 if (value == "" || value == null) {
                                         return true;
                                }
                                 else {
                                         var standby = /^\+?[1-9][0-9]*$/;
                                         return standby.test(value) && parseInt(value) >= new Date().getFullYear() - 100 && parseInt(value) <= new Date().getFullYear();
                                }
                        }
                });
                $.validator.unobtrusive.adapters.addSingleVal( "yearrange", "isvalidateempty");

ok这样就实现了前台验证，在前台验证之前你要确保webconfig中的

     < appSettings >
         < add key ="webpages:Version" value ="1.0.0.0" />
         < add key ="ClientValidationEnabled" value ="true" />
         < add key ="UnobtrusiveJavaScriptEnabled" value ="true" />
         < add key ="uploadPath" value ="../../fileUpload" />
     appSettings >

ClientValidationEnabled=true和UnobtrusiveJavaScriptEnabled=true。同时注意要引入jquery.validate.min.js,jquery.validate.unobtrusive.min.js,MicrosoftAjax.js,

MicrosoftMvcValidation.js。我们来看看效果

ok这样就完成了前后台的自定义验证。