SQL Plus 有自己的命令和环境，它提供对Oracle数据库的访问。它使您能够输入和执行SQL、sql、sql、SQL +和操作系统命令来执行以下操作：
格式化，执行查询结果的存储、打印和打印计算
检查表和对象定义
开发和运行批处理脚本
执行数据库管理
您可以使用sql Plus 以交互方式生成报告，以生成批处理过程报告，并将结果输出到文本文件、屏幕或HTML文件，以便在Internet上浏览。您可以使用sql +输出的HTML输出设备动态生成报表。
1.1SQLPlus Basics
cl buff 执行后
SQL> /
SP2-0103: Nothing in SQL buffer to run.
SQL> a where TNAME='CDB_APPLY'
2* where TNAME='CDB_APPLY'
SQL> /
TNAME
TABTYPE CLUSTERID
CDB_APPLY
VIEW
SQL> select * from tab
2 where tname<>''
3 ;
no rows selected
SQL> list 2
2 where tname<>''
SQL> del 2
SQL> list
1 select from tab
2
SQL> select from scott.EMP
2 where EMPNO=7934
3 ;
EMPNO ENAME JOB MGR HIREDATE SAL COMM DEPTNO 7934 MILLER CLERK 7782 1982-01-23 00:00:00 1300
10SQL> list 2
2 where EMPNO=7934
SQL> change /7934/7902
2 where EMPNO=7902
SQL> run
1 select from scott.EMP
2 where EMPNO=7902
3
EMPNO ENAME JOB MGR HIREDATE SAL COMM DEPTNO 7902 FORD ANALYST 7566 1981-12-03 00:00:00 3000
20REMARK， / /，--注释说明
SQL> REMARK 测试
SQL> select from scott.EMP
2 remark 测试
3 where empno=7934;
remark 测试
ERROR at line 2:
ORA-00911: invalid character
SQL> / 测试
SQL> /
SQL> select from scott.EMP
2 /测试
3 */
4 where empno=7934;
EMPNO ENAME JOB MGR HIREDATE SAL COMM DEPTNO 7934 MILLER CLERK 7782 1982-01-23 00:00:00 1300
10SQL> select * from scott.EMP
2 --测试
3 where empno=7934;
EMPNO ENAME JOB MGR HIREDATE SAL COMM DEPTNO 7934 MILLER CLERK 7782 1982-01-23 00:00:00 1300
SQL> SELECT &SORTCOL, job2 FROM &MYTABLE
3 ;
Enter value for sortcol: ename
old 1: SELECT &SORTCOL, job
new 1: SELECT ename, job
Enter value for mytable: scott.emp
old 2: FROM &MYTABLE
new 2: FROM scott.emp
ENAME JOB
SMITH CLERK
ALLEN SALESMAN
WARD SALESMAN
JONES MANAGER
MARTIN SALESMAN
BLAKE MANAGER
CLARK MANAGER
KING PRESIDENT
TURNER SALESMAN
JAMES CLERK
FORD ANALYST
ENAME JOB
MILLER CLERK
12 rows selected.
SQL> define
DEFINE _DATE = "2017-12-16 14:29:31" (CHAR)
DEFINE _CONNECT_IDENTIFIER = "CLONEPDB_PLUG" (CHAR)
DEFINE _USER = "SYS" (CHAR)
DEFINE _PRIVILEGE = "AS SYSDBA" (CHAR)
DEFINE _SQLPLUS_RELEASE = "1102000100" (CHAR)
DEFINE _EDITOR = "Notepad" (CHAR)
DEFINE _O_VERSION = "Oracle Database 12c Enterprise Edition Release 12.2.0.1.0 - 64bit Production" (CHAR)
DEFINE _O_RELEASE = "1202000100" (CHAR)
SQL> DEFINE A = 7934
SQL> select ENAME,JOB
2 from scott.emp where empno=&A;
old 2: from scott.emp where empno=&A
new 2: from scott.emp where empno=7934
ENAME JOB
MILLER CLERK
SQL> unDEFINE A
SQL> variable a number;
SQL> print a;
ASQL> exec :a:=7934
PL/SQL procedure successfully completed.
SQL> select ENAME,JOB
2 from scott.emp where empno=:a;
ENAME JOB
MILLER CLERK
SET ECHO ON/OFF 控制是否在调用执行Script的时候显示其内容
SET VERIFY ON/OFF 决定是否在执行带有参数变量的Sql命令操作时，显示赋值代入的过程
按回车继续
PROMPT Before continuing, make sure you have your account card.
PAUSE Press RETURN to continue.
清屏
CLEAR SCREEN
SQL> CLEAR column
columns cleared
SQL> CLEAR column
columns cleared
SQL> VARIABLE ret_val NUMBER
SQL> BEGIN
2 :ret_val:=4;
3 END;
4 /
PL/SQL procedure successfully completed.
SQL> PRINT RET_VAL
RET_VAL
4SQL> variable abc number
SQL> exec :abc :=123;
PL/SQL procedure successfully completed.
SQL> select :abc from dual;
:ABC 123 SQL> create table mytab (col1 number, col2 varchar2(10));
Table created.
SQL> var xyz varchar2(10)
SQL> begin
2 :xyz :='test'
3 ;
4 end;
5 /
PL/SQL procedure successfully completed.
SQL> insert into mytab values(:abc,:xyz);
1 row created.
SQL> select * from mytab;
COL1 COL2 123 testSQL> drop table mytab purge;
Table dropped.
SQL> alter session set container=pdbtest;
Session altered.
SQL> CREATE OR REPLACE PACKAGE EmpPack
2 AS
3 type EmpInfoTyp is ref cursor;
4 PROCEDURE EmpInfoRpt (emp_cv OUT EmpInfoTyp);
5 end EmpPack;
6 /
Package created.
SQL> CREATE OR REPLACE PACKAGE BODY EmpPack AS
2 PROCEDURE EmpInfoRpt (emp_cv OUT EmpInfoTyp) AS
3 BEGIN
4 OPEN emp_cv FOR SELECT EMPLOYEE_ID, SALARY
5 FROM HR.EMP_DETAILS_VIEW
6 WHERE JOB_ID='SA_MAN' ;
7 END;
SQL> VARIABLE cv REFCURSOR
SQL> EXECUTE EmpPack.EmpInfoRpt(:cv)
PL/SQL procedure successfully completed.
SQL> PRINT cv
EMPLOYEE_ID SALARY
145 14000
146 13500
147 12000
148 11000
149 105008 END;
9 /
Package body created.
SQL> VARIABLE cv REFCURSOR
SQL> EXECUTE EmpPack.EmpInfoRpt(:cv)
PL/SQL procedure successfully completed.
SQL> PRINT cv
EMPLOYEE_ID SALARY
145 14000
146 13500
147 12000
148 11000
149 10500