python 操作excel实现替换特定内容

本文介绍使用python语言，借助openyxl库来实现操作excel（xlsx）文件，实现替换特定内容的需求。

目前实现了3个小功能：

1. 全字匹配替换（mode1）；（如：全字匹配 yocichen, 替换成为 yociXchen）

2. 部分字符匹配替换(mode2)；（如：thisisyociblog,替换成为 thisisyocichenblog）

3. 全字匹配填充(mode3)；（如：yoci,替换成为yoci: a foolish），用于在字符后面添加字符

源码：

 1 import openpyxl
 2 import re
 3 import traceback
 4 
 5 changeCells = 0
 6 
 7 # replace the special content
 8 """
 9 file: file path : str
10 mode: type of the operatoration : int
11 text: the string need to be replaceed : int or str
12 replaceText: replacement Text : int or str
13 """
14 def changeData(file, mode, text, replaceText):
15     # load the file(*.xlsx)
16     wb = openpyxl.load_workbook(file)
17     # ! deal with one sheet
18     ws = wb.worksheets[0]
19     global changeCells
20     # get rows and columns of file
21     rows = ws.max_row
22     cols = ws.max_column
23     changeFlag = False
24     try:
25         for row in range(1, rows+1):
26             for col in range(1, cols+1):
27                 content = ws.cell(row=row, column=col).value
28                 if(content != None):
29                     # mode1: fullmatch replacement
30                     if(mode == 1):
31                         if(content == text):
32                             ws.cell(row=row, column=col).value = replaceText
33                             changeFlag = True
34                             changeCells += 1
35                     # mode2: partial replacement
36                     elif(mode == 2):
37                         if(type(content) == str):
38                             ws.cell(row=row, column=col).value = content.replace(
39                                 text, replaceText, 1)
40                             changeFlag = True
41                             changeCells += 1
42                     # mode3: partialmatch and filling
43                     elif(mode == 3):
44                         if(type(content) == str):
45                             ws.cell(row=row, column=col).value = content.replace(
46                                 text, text+replaceText, 1)
47                             changeFlag = True
48                             changeCells += 1
49                     else:
50                         return 0
51         # status_1: modified success
52         if(changeFlag):
53             wb.save(file)
54             return changeCells
55         # status_2: no modified
56         else:
57             return changeCells
58     # status_3: exception
59     except Exception as e:
60         print(traceback.format_exc())
61 
62 
63 # read the content of file
64 """
65 file: file path : str
66 """
67 def rdxl(file):
68     # load the file(*.xlsx)
69     wb = openpyxl.load_workbook(file)
70     # ! deal with one sheet
71     ws = wb.worksheets[0]
72     global changeCells
73     # get rows and columns of file
74     rows = ws.max_row
75     cols = ws.max_column
76     changeFlag = False
77     cells = 0
78     for row in range(1, rows+1):
79         for col in range(1, cols+1):
80             content = ws.cell(row=row, column=col).value
81             print(content)
82             cells += 1
83     print('cells', cells)
84 
85 
86 if __name__ == "__main__":
87      res = changeData('D:\\001.xlsx', 1, 7777, 'bug制造者')
88      if(res != None):
89          print('已修改 ', res, ' 处')
90      # else:
91      #     print('操作失败:\n'+res)
92      rdxl('D:\\001.xlsx')