form介绍
form主要功能： 页面可用的HTML标签，对用户提交的数据进行校验，保留上次输入内容
普通注册
1、html页面
reg.html
2、urls.py
urlpatterns = [
path('admin/', admin.site.urls),
path('reg/', views.register),
]
3、views.py
def register(request):
error_msg = {"pwd": "", "username": ""}
if request.method == "POST":
username = request.POST.get("username")
pwd = request.POST.get("pwd")
if len(pwd) < 6:
error_msg["pwd"] = "长度不能小于6"
return render(request, "reg.html", {"error": error_msg})
使用form注册
1、html页面
2、 urls.py与 普通注册的一样
3、views.py
from app01 import formd
def register2(request):
form_obj = formd.RgeForm()
if request.method == "POST":
form_obj = formd.RgeForm(request.POST) # django自动生成的 html页面
print(form_obj)
#- This field is required.
form的功能： 来源: https://www.cnblogs.com/liwenzhou/p/8747872.html
• 前端页面是form类的对象生成的 -->生成HTML标签功能
• 当用户名和密码输入为空或输错之后 页面都会提示 -->用户提交校验功能
• 当用户输错之后 再次输入 上次的内容还保留在input框 -->保留上次输入内容
1.1、error_messages
错误重写
error_messages={
"required": "不能为空", # 当请求为空时提示
"invalid": "格式错误", # 格式错误
"min_length": "最少6位", # 最小长度
"max_length":" 最大N位" # 最大长度
}1.2、password
pwd = forms.CharField(
label="密码",
min_length=6,
error_messages={
"required": "不能为空",
"invalid": "格式错误",
"min_length": "最少6位",
},
# widget=forms.widgets.PasswordInput() # 插件widgets
)不加 widget=forms.widgets.PasswordInput() 
加上widget=forms.widgets.PasswordInput() 
增加类
pwd = forms.CharField(
label="密码",
min_length=6,
error_messages={
"required": "不能为空",
"invalid": "格式错误",
"min_length": "最少6位",
},
widget=forms.widgets.PasswordInput(
attrs={"class":"ap1"}
)
)
1.3选择框
choices 单选框
hobby221 = forms.ChoiceField(
choices=((1,"吃饭"), (2,"睡觉"),(3,"做梦"),),
label="爱好",
initial=1,
widget=forms.widgets.Select()
)
MultipleChoiceField 多选框
hobby2 = forms.MultipleChoiceField(
choices=((1, "吃饭"), (2, "睡觉"), (3, "做梦"),),
label="多选爱好",
initial=3, # 初始化选择框
widget=forms.widgets.SelectMultiple()
)
单选CheckboxInput
keep = forms.ChoiceField(
label="是否记住密码",
initial="checked",
widget=forms.widgets.CheckboxInput()
)
多选框 CheckboxSelectMultiple
keep2 = forms.MultipleChoiceField(
choices=((1, "吃饭"), (2, "睡觉"), (3, "做梦"),),
label="多选爱好",
initial="checked", # 初始化选择框
widget=forms.widgets.CheckboxSelectMultiple()
)
css中可以直接去掉li的点
2、实例
2.1、实例(form简化版注册)
1、Html页面
2、urls.py
urlpatterns = [
path("reg/", views.reg),
]
3、html_form.py
在应用下创建html_form.py文件
# 导入模块，并且继承引用
from django import forms
class RegForm(forms.Form):
name = forms.CharField(
label="帐号:",
min_length=6,
error_messages={
"min_length": "最小长度为6",
"required": "输入不能为空",
},
widget=forms.widgets.Input(
attrs=({"class":"form-control"})
)
)
passwd = forms.CharField(
label="密码",
min_length=6,
max_length=16,
error_messages={
"min_length": "最小长度为6",
"max_length": "超过最大长度",
"required": "输入不能为空",
},
widget=forms.widgets.PasswordInput(
attrs=({"class":"ap1 form-control"})
),
)
4、models.py文件 创建一个用户注册使用的数据库
from django.db import models
# Create your models here.
class UserRegister(models.Model):
name = models.CharField(max_length=16, unique=True, null=False)
passwd = models.CharField(max_length=16, null=False)
控制台下使用
python manage.py makemigrations
python manage.py migrate 创建数据库
5、views.py 视图函数
from django.shortcuts import render, redirect, HttpResponse
from login.html_forms import RegForm
from login import models
def reg(request):
form_obj = RegForm() # 初始化类
if request.method == "POST": # 当它是post时才执行这个
form_obj = RegForm(request.POST)
if form_obj.is_valid(): # 当输入的检验通过时才继续往下执行
# cleaned_data （当校验通过时forms字典，类似于各种request.POST.get("xxxxxx")）
form_register_list = form_obj.cleaned_data
# 获取用户是否存在数据库中，如果存在就返回注册界面，如果不存在就创建
ret = models.UserRegister.objects.filter(name=form_register_list.get("name"))
print(ret)
if ret:
return redirect("/reg/")
else:
models.UserRegister.objects.create(**form_register_list)
return HttpResponse("注册成功")
return render(request, "reg.html", {"form_obj": form_obj})
2.2、校验判断用户及密码
1、html页面
2、urls.py 不变
3、html_forms.py
#!/usr/bin/env python
# -*- coding:utf-8 -*-
from django import forms
from login import models
from django.core.exceptions import ValidationError
class RegForm(forms.Form):
name = forms.CharField(
label="帐号:",
min_length=6,
error_messages={
"min_length": "最小长度为6",
"required": "输入不能为空",
},
widget=forms.widgets.Input(
attrs=({"class": "form-control"})
)
)
pwd = forms.CharField(
label="密码",
min_length=6,
max_length=16,
error_messages={
"min_length": "最小长度为6",
"max_length": "超过最大长度",
"required": "输入不能为空",
},
widget=forms.widgets.PasswordInput(
attrs=({"class":"form-control"}),
# 失败不清空
render_value=True,
),
)
re_pwd = forms.CharField(
label="确认密码",
min_length=6,
max_length=16,
error_messages={
"min_length": "最小长度为6",
"max_length": "超过最大长度",
"required": "输入不能为空",
},
widget=forms.widgets.PasswordInput(
attrs=({"class":" form-control"}),
render_value=True,
),
)
# 钩子函数，调用hasattr反射函数
def clean_name(self):
name = self.cleaned_data.get("name")
ret = models.UserRegister.objects.filter(name=name)
if ret:
raise ValidationError("用户已存在")
return name
# 钩子函数， 获取两次密码，并让它相比较
def clean(self):
pwd = self.cleaned_data.get("pwd")
re_pwd = self.cleaned_data.get("re_pwd")
print(self.cleaned_data)
if pwd != re_pwd:
# 如果不添加add_error那么 print(form.error) - __all__
- 二次密码不一致
self.add_error("pwd", ValidationError("两次密码不一致"))
raise ValidationError("二次密码不一致")
return self.cleaned_data
4、view.py
from django.shortcuts import render, redirect, HttpResponse
from login.html_forms import RegForm
from login import models
# Create your views here.
def cz_login(request):
print(request.GET)
return render(request, "index.html")
def reg(request):
form_obj = RegForm()
if request.method == "POST":
form_obj = RegForm(request.POST) # 实例化将数据输入
if form_obj.is_valid():
form_register_list = form_obj.cleaned_data
form_register_list.pop("re_pwd")
models.UserRegister.objects.create(**form_register_list)
return HttpResponse("注册成功")
print(form_obj.errors)
return render(request, "reg.html", {"form_obj": form_obj})最终效果
2.3、使用form提交的大致完整注册界面
目录文件 
1、settings.py
# 静态文件定义
STATICFILES_DIRS = [
os.path.join(BASE_DIR, "static"),
]
# auth扩展模块，如果手动定义需要增加这个
AUTH_USER_MODEL = 'app01.UserInfo'
2、formd.py 定义forms 生成html页面
#!/usr/bin/env python
# -*- coding:utf-8 -*-
from django import forms
from app01 import models
from django.core.validators import RegexValidator
from django.core.exceptions import ValidationError
class RgeForm(forms.Form):
username = forms.CharField(
label="用户名",
max_length=16,
error_messages={
"required": "帐号不能为空",
"max_length": "最大长度16",
},
widget=forms.widgets.Input(
attrs={
"class": "form-control",
}
)
)
password = forms.CharField(
label="密码",
min_length=6,
error_messages={
"required": "不能为空",
"invalid": "格式错误",
"min_length": "最少6位",
},
widget=forms.widgets.PasswordInput(
attrs={
"class":"form-control",
},
render_value=True, # 密码如果输入错误，不清空
)
)
re_password = forms.CharField(
label="确认密码",
min_length=6,
error_messages={
"required": "不能为空",
"invalid": "格式错误",
"min_length": "最少6位",
},
widget=forms.widgets.PasswordInput(
attrs={
"class":"form-control",
},
render_value=True,
)
)
phone = forms.CharField(
label="手机号码",
min_length=11,
max_length=11,
validators=[RegexValidator(r'^[1][1-9]+$',"格式错误")],
error_messages={
"required": "不能为空",
# "invalid": "格式错误",
"min_length": "最少11位",
"max_length": "最大11位",
},
widget=forms.widgets.TextInput(
attrs={
"class":"form-control",
}
)
)
email = forms.CharField(
label="邮箱",
min_length=11,
max_length=11,
error_messages={
"required": "不能为空",
},
widget=forms.widgets.TextInput(
attrs={
"class":"form-control",
}
)
)
# 判断密码是否一致, 如果不一致增加错误提示
def clean(self):
password = self.cleaned_data.get("password")
re_password = self.cleaned_data.get("re_password")
if password != re_password:
self.add_error("password","二次密码不一致")
raise ValidationError("二次密码不一致")
return self.cleaned_data
# 判断用户是否存在
def clean_username(self):
username = self.cleaned_data.get("username")
ret = models.UserInfo.objects.filter(username=username)
if ret:
self.add_error("username","用户已存在")
raise ValidationError("用户已存在")
return username
3、html页面 reg2.html
reg
4、views.py
from django.shortcuts import render, redirect, HttpResponse
from app01 import formd
from app01 import models
# Create your views here.
def register2(request):
form_obj = formd.RgeForm()
if request.method == "POST":
form_obj = formd.RgeForm(request.POST) # django自动生成的 html页面
print(form_obj) #- This field is required.
MVC 说明
MTV 说明
FAQ
在settings.py中修改
LANGUAGE_CODE = "zh-hans" 后台会显示为中文 当时间会提前8小时
\# TIME_ZONE = 'UTC' 将UTC修改成上海时间就能解决
TIME_ZONE='Asia/Shanghai'