Kickstart 同时push多个linux操作系统

 在生产环境中，经常要安装不同版本的linux操作系统，以及各种安装需求；每次安装操作系统的时候如果用传统的光盘方式安装，费时又费力！下面介绍下如何在同一个时刻，使用kickstart push不同的版本的linux，主要有三个版本centos4.8,rhel5.4,rhel6.0和一个linux rescue环境！

一：配置dhcp服务,ks服务器地址为192.168.50.7/24

[root@rhel5 ~]# rpm -qa |grep dhcp
dhcpv6-client-1.0.10-17.el5
dhcp-3.0.5-23.el5_5.2

[root@rhel5 ~]# cat /etc/dhcpd.conf
option domain-name "766.com";
default-lease-time 6000;
max-lease-time 11400;
authourtative;
next-server 192.168.50.7;
ddns-update-style ad-hoc;
log-facility local7;
subnet 192.168.50.0 netmask 255.255.255.0{
range 192.168.50.150 192.168.50.195;
option domain-name-servers 192.168.50.254;
option domain-name "766.com";
option netbios-name-servers 192.168.50.254;
option routers 192.168.50.254;
option broadcast-address 192.168.50.255;
default-lease-time 6000;
max-lease-time 11400;
filename "/kickstart/ks.cfg";
}

option space PXE;

class "PXE" {
    match if substring(option vendor-class-identifier, 0, 9) = "PXEClient";
    option vendor-encapsulated-options 01:04:00:00:00:00:ff;
    option boot-size 0x1;
    filename "pxelinux.0";
    option tftp-server-name "192.168.50.7";
    option vendor-class-identifier "PXEClient";
    vendor-option-space PXE;
}

二：配置tftp-server，准备vmlinz和initrd.img文件

[root@rhel5 ~]# rpm -qa |egrep 'tftp|xinetd'
tftp-0.49-2.el5.centos
tftp-server-0.49-2.el5.centos
xinetd-2.3.14-10.el5

[root@rhel5 ~]# cat /etc/xinetd.d/tftp
# default: off
# description: The tftp server serves files using the trivial file transfer \
#       protocol.  The tftp protocol is often used to boot diskless \
#       workstations, download configuration files to network-aware printers, \
#       and to start the installation process for some operating systems.
service tftp
{
        socket_type             = dgram
        protocol                = udp
        wait                    = yes
        user                    = root
        server                  = /usr/sbin/in.tftpd
        server_args             = -s /tftpboot
        disable                 = no
        per_source              = 11
        cps                     = 100 2
        flags                   = IPv4
}

这些文件可以在对应的系统光盘或者ISO文件下的isolinux目录下找到
[root@rhel5 ~]# ls /tftpboot/rhel5.4_64/
initrd.img  vmlinuz
[root@rhel5 ~]# ls /tftpboot/rhel6_64/
initrd.img  vmlinuz
[root@rhel5 ~]# ls /tftpboot/centos4.8_64/
initrd.img  vmlinuz

三：配置相关文件
复制pxelinux.0文件至/tftpboot目录下，该文件由syslinux软件包提供，用来pxe启动linux使用
[root@rhel5 ~]# rpm -qf /usr/lib/syslinux/pxelinux.0
syslinux-3.11-4

复制rhel5光盘下的isolinux目录下的文件至/tftpboot目录下，其中vmlinuz和initrd.img文件可以不用复制，在/tftpboot目录下创建一个名为pxelinux.cfg的目录，并将/tftpboot目录下的isolinux.cfg文件移到到该目录，重命名为default；KS文件可以在安装好的linux上使用system-config-kickstart命令生成

[root@rhel5 ~]# ls /tftpboot/
boot.cat  centos4.8_64  isolinux.bin  memtest      param.msg   pxelinux.cfg  rhel5.4_64  splash.lss
boot.msg  general.msg   isolinux.cfg  options.msg  pxelinux.0  rescue.msg    rhel6_64    TRANS.TBL

[root@rhel5 ~]# cat /tftpboot/pxelinux.cfg/default
default rhel5_rescue
prompt 1
timeout 600
display boot.msg
F1 boot.msg
F2 options.msg
F3 general.msg
F4 param.msg
F5 rescue.msg

label rhel5_rescue
 kernel rhel5.4_64/vmlinuz
 append ksdevice=eth0 load_ramdisk=1 initrd=rhel5.4_64/initrd.img noipv6


label rhel5.4_64
  kernel rhel5.4_64/vmlinuz
  append ksdevice=eth0 load_ramdisk=1 initrd=rhel5.4_64/initrd.img ks=ftp://192.168.50.7/ks/ks5_64.cfg noipv6

label rhel6_64
  kernel rhel6_64/vmlinuz
  append ksdevice=eth0 load_ramdisk=1 initrd=rhel6_64/initrd.img   ks=ftp://192.168.50.7/ks/ks6_64.cfg  noipv6


label centos4.8_64
  kernel centos4.8_64/vmlinuz
  append ksdevice=eth0 load_ramdisk=1 initrd=centos4.8_64/initrd.img   ks=ftp://192.168.50.7/ks/ks4.8_64.cfg  noipv6

[root@rhel5 ~]# cat /tftpboot/boot.msg
#To decide  install  os type and enter command to continue

linux resuce       --->     rhel5_rescue  rescue

rhel5.4 64bit      --->     rhel5.4_64

rhel6.0 64bit      --->     rhel6_64

centos4.8 64bit    --->     centos4.8_64

四：配置FTP和autofs，这里将利用ftp和autofs为安装提供光盘源镜像

[root@rhel5 ~]# rpm -qa |egrep 'vsftpd|autofs'
vsftpd-2.0.5-16.el5_5.1
autofs-5.0.1-0.rc2.131.el5

[root@rhel5 ~]# tail -1 /etc/auto.master
/var/ftp/pub /etc/auto.ftp
[root@rhel5 ~]# cat /etc/auto.ftp
iso5        -fstype=iso9660,ro,loop :/data/ISO/rhel-server-5.4-x86_64-dvd.iso
iso4.8      -fstype=iso9660,ro,loop :/data/ISO/CentOS-4.8-x86_64-binDVD.iso
iso6        -fstype=iso9660,ro,loop :/data/ISO/rhel6.iso

五：启动服务和测试 

[root@rhel5 ~]# service dhcpd restart
Shutting down dhcpd: [  OK  ]
Starting dhcpd: [  OK  ]

[root@rhel5 ~]# service vsftpd restart
Shutting down vsftpd: [  OK  ]
Starting vsftpd for vsftpd: [  OK  ]

[root@rhel5 ~]# service autofs restart
Stopping automount: [  OK  ]
Starting automount: [  OK  ]

[root@rhel5 ~]# service xinetd restart
Stopping xinetd: [  OK  ]
Starting xinetd: [  OK  ]

[root@rhel5 ~]# tail -f /var/log/messages
Jun 13 17:40:42 rhel5 dhcpd: DHCPDISCOVER from 00:0c:29:4c:0f:d5 via br0
Jun 13 17:40:43 rhel5 dhcpd: DHCPOFFER on 192.168.50.184 to 00:0c:29:4c:0f:d5 via br0
Jun 13 17:40:44 rhel5 dhcpd: DHCPREQUEST for 192.168.50.184 (192.168.50.7) from 00:0c:29:4c:0f:d5 via br0
Jun 13 17:40:44 rhel5 dhcpd: DHCPACK on 192.168.50.184 to 00:0c:29:4c:0f:d5 via br0
Jun 13 17:40:44 rhel5 xinetd[1794]: START: tftp pid=2829 from=192.168.50.184

[root@rhel5 ~]# tail -f /var/log/xferlog
Mon Jun 13 08:46:25 2011 1 192.168.50.184 0 /pub/iso5/RELEASE-NOTES-en_US.UTF-8.html b _ o a anonymous@ ftp 0 * i
Mon Jun 13 08:46:25 2011 1 192.168.50.184 0 /pub/iso5/RELEASE-NOTES.en_US.UTF-8 b _ o a anonymous@ ftp 0 * i
Mon Jun 13 08:46:25 2011 1 192.168.50.184 0 /pub/iso5/RELEASE-NOTES-en_US.html b _ o a anonymous@ ftp 0 * i
Mon Jun 13 08:46:25 2011 1 192.168.50.184 0 /pub/iso5/RELEASE-NOTES.en_US b _ o a anonymous@ ftp 0 * i
Mon Jun 13 08:46:26 2011 1 192.168.50.184 80344 /pub/iso5/RELEASE-NOTES-en.html b _ o a anonymous@ ftp 0 * c
Mon Jun 13 08:49:48 2011 1 192.168.50.184 0 /pub/iso5/p_w_picpaths/updates.img b _ o a rhinstall@ ftp 0 * i
Mon Jun 13 08:49:48 2011 1 192.168.50.184 0 /pub/iso5/disc1/p_w_picpaths/updates.img b _ o a rhinstall@ ftp 0 * i
Mon Jun 13 08:49:48 2011 1 192.168.50.184 0 /pub/iso5/p_w_picpaths/product.img b _ o a rhinstall@ ftp 0 * i
Mon Jun 13 08:49:48 2011 1 192.168.50.184 0 /pub/iso5/disc1/p_w_picpaths/product.img b _ o a rhinstall@ ftp 0 * i
Mon Jun 13 08:49:56 2011 8 192.168.50.184 91160576 /pub/iso5/p_w_picpaths/stage2.img b _ o a rhinstall@ ftp 0 * c