SQL Server编程系列(2):SMO常用对象的有关操作

在上一篇周公简单讲述了SMO的一些基本概念，实际上SMO体系结构远不止周公在上一篇中讲述的那么简单，下图是MSDN上给出的一个完整的结构图：

上图是一个完整的涉及到各种关系的结构图。不过它们之间的层次结构关系周公已经在上一篇做了简单概述。

在本篇中周公还是在上一篇的基础上再做稍微深入一点的介绍，在本篇中主要讲述如何获取数据库常见对象信息，并且如何利用SMO来进行一些日常操作：如创建Login，创建数据库、备份数据库和还原数据库。执行上面这些操作的SQL语句也许我们已经写过，下面我们来看看利用SMO来操作的代码将如何写。

代码如下：

 

using System;
using System.Collections.Generic;
using System.Linq;
using System.Text;
using Microsoft.SqlServer.Management.Smo.RegisteredServers;//在microsoft.sqlserver.smo.dll中
using Microsoft.SqlServer.Management.Smo;//需添加microsoft.sqlserver.smo.dll的引用
using Microsoft.SqlServer.Management.Common;//需添加microsoft.sqlserver.connectioninfo.dll的引用
namespace SSISStudy
{
    ///
    /// SQL Server编程些列文章(2):SMO常用对象的有关操作
    /// 作者：周公
    /// 创建日期：2012-05-23
    /// 博客地址：http://blog.csdn.net/zhoufoxcn http://zhoufoxcn.blog.51cto.com
    /// 新浪微博地址：http://weibo.com/zhoufoxcn
    class SMODemo02
    {
        ///
        /// 显示数据库常见对象信息示例
        ///
        public static void ShowSMOObjects()
        {
            Console.WriteLine("Server Group Information");
            foreach (ServerGroup serverGroup in SmoApplication.SqlServerRegistrations.ServerGroups)
            {
                Console.WriteLine("Group Name:{0},Path:{1},ServerType:{2},State:{3},Urn:{4}", serverGroup.Name, serverGroup.Path, serverGroup.ServerType, serverGroup.State, serverGroup.Urn);
            }
            Console.WriteLine("Registered Server Information");
            foreach (RegisteredServer regServer in SmoApplication.SqlServerRegistrations.RegisteredServers)
            {
                Console.WriteLine("Server Name:{0},Login:{1},State:{2},Urn:{3}", regServer.Name, regServer.Login, regServer.State, regServer.Urn);
            }
            //创建ServerConnection的实例
            ServerConnection connection = new ServerConnection();
            //指定连接字符串
            connection.ConnectionString = "Data Source=goodapp;Initial Catalog=master;User ID=sa;Password=root;";
            //实例化Server
            Server server = new Server(connection);
            Console.WriteLine("ActiveDirectory:{0},InstanceName:{1}", server.ActiveDirectory, server.InstanceName);
            //下面列出每个数据库的具体信息
            foreach (Database db in server.Databases)
            {
                Console.WriteLine("Database Name:{0},ActiveDirectory:{1},ActiveConnections:{2},DataSpaceUsage:{3},PrimaryFilePath:{4}", db.Name, db.ActiveDirectory, db.ActiveConnections, db.DataSpaceUsage, db.PrimaryFilePath);
                //列出数据库的数据文件文件组信息
                foreach (FileGroup fileGroup in db.FileGroups)
                {
                    Console.WriteLine("\tFileGroup Name:{0},Size:{1},State:{2},Urn:{3}", fileGroup.Name, fileGroup.Size, fileGroup.State, fileGroup.Urn);
                    //列出每个文件组中的数据文件信息
                    foreach (DataFile dataFile in fileGroup.Files)
                    {
                        Console.WriteLine("\t\tDataFile Name:{0},Size:{1},State:{2},Urn:{3},FileName:{4}", dataFile.Name, dataFile.Size, dataFile.State, dataFile.Urn, dataFile.FileName);
                    }
                }
                //列出数据库日志文件信息
                foreach (LogFile logFile in db.LogFiles)
                {
                    Console.WriteLine("\tLogFile Name:{0},Size:{1},State:{2},Urn:{3},FileName:{4}", logFile.Name, logFile.Size, logFile.State,logFile.Urn,logFile.FileName);
                }
            }
        }
        ///
        /// 利用SMO创建SQL登录
        ///
        public static void CreateLogin()
        {
            string loginName = "zhoufoxcn";//要创建的数据库登录名
            string loginPassword = "C#.NET";//登录密码
            //创建ServerConnection的实例
            ServerConnection connection = new ServerConnection();
            //指定连接字符串
            connection.ConnectionString = "Data Source=goodapp;Initial Catalog=master;User ID=sa;Password=root;";
            //实例化Server
            Server server = new Server(connection);
            #region [创建数据库登录对象]
            //检查在数据库是否已经存在该登录名
            var queryLogin = from Login temp in server.Logins
                             where string.Equals(temp.Name, loginName, StringComparison.CurrentCultureIgnoreCase)
                             select temp;
            Login login = queryLogin.FirstOrDefault();
            //如果存在就删除
            if (login != null)
            {
                login.Drop();
            }
            login = new Login(server, loginName);
            login.LoginType = LoginType.SqlLogin;//指定登录方式为SQL认证
            login.PasswordPolicyEnforced = true;
            login.DefaultDatabase = "master";//默认数据库
            login.Create(loginPassword);
            #endregion
        }
        ///
        /// 利用SMO创建数据库
        ///
        public static void CreateDatabase()
        {
            string databaseName = "SMODemo";
            //创建ServerConnection的实例
            ServerConnection connection = new ServerConnection();
            //指定连接字符串
            connection.ConnectionString = "Data Source=goodapp;Initial Catalog=master;User ID=sa;Password=root;";
            //实例化Server
            Server server = new Server(connection);
            #region [创建数据库对象]
            //检查在数据库是否已经存在该数据库
            var queryDatabase = from Database temp in server.Databases
                                where string.Equals(temp.Name, databaseName, StringComparison.CurrentCultureIgnoreCase)
                                select temp;
            Database database = queryDatabase.FirstOrDefault();
            //如果存在就删除
            if (database != null)
            {
                database.Drop();
            }
            database = new Database(server, databaseName);
            //指定数据库数据文件细节
            FileGroup fileGroup = new FileGroup { Name = "PRIMARY", Parent = database, IsDefault = true };
            DataFile dataFile = new DataFile
            {
                Name = databaseName + "_data",
                Parent = fileGroup,
                FileName = @"F:\SQLData2005\" + databaseName + ".mdf"
            };
            fileGroup.Files.Add(dataFile);
            //指定数据库日志文件细节
            LogFile logFile = new LogFile
            {
                Name = databaseName + "_log",
                Parent = database,
                FileName = @"F:\SQLData2005\" + databaseName + ".ldf"
            };
            database.FileGroups.Add(fileGroup);
            database.LogFiles.Add(logFile);
            database.Create();
            #endregion
        }
        ///
        /// 利用SMO备份数据库
        ///
        public static void BackupDatabase()
        {
            string databaseName = "msdb";//备份的数据库名
            string bkPath = @"C:\";//存放备份后的数据的文件夹
            //创建ServerConnection的实例
            ServerConnection connection = new ServerConnection();
            //指定连接字符串
            connection.ConnectionString = "Data Source=goodapp;Initial Catalog=master;User ID=sa;Password=root;";
            //实例化Server
            Server server = new Server(connection);
            #region [创建数据库备份对象]
            Backup backup = new Backup();
            backup.Action = BackupActionType.Database;//完全备份
            backup.Database = databaseName;
            backup.BackupSetDescription = "Full backup of master";
            backup.BackupSetName = "master Backup";
            //创建备份设备
            BackupDeviceItem bkDeviceItem = new BackupDeviceItem();
            bkDeviceItem.DeviceType = DeviceType.File;
            bkDeviceItem.Name = bkPath+databaseName+".bak";
            backup.Devices.Add(bkDeviceItem);
            backup.Incremental = false;
            backup.LogTruncation = BackupTruncateLogType.Truncate;
            backup.SqlBackup(server);
            #endregion
        }
        ///
        /// 备份数据库
        ///
        public static void RestoreDatabase()
        {
            string databaseName = "SMODemo";//备份的数据库名
            string bkPath = @"C:\";//存放备份后的数据的文件夹
            //创建ServerConnection的实例
            ServerConnection connection = new ServerConnection();
            //指定连接字符串
            connection.ConnectionString = "Data Source=goodapp;Initial Catalog=master;User ID=sa;Password=root;";
            //实例化Server
            Server server = new Server(connection);
            Restore restore = new Restore();
            restore.NoRecovery = false;
            restore.NoRewind = false;
            restore.Action = RestoreActionType.Database;
            restore.Database = databaseName;
            //创建备份设备
            BackupDeviceItem bkDeviceItem = new BackupDeviceItem();
            bkDeviceItem.DeviceType = DeviceType.File;
            bkDeviceItem.Name = bkPath + databaseName + ".bak";
            //如果需要重新制定Restore后的数据库的物理文件位置，需要知道数据库文件的逻辑文件名
            //可以RESTORE FILELISTONLY 来列出逻辑文件名，如果覆盖已有数据库可以通过SMO来获取
            //因本处使用的是刚刚备份的msdb数据库来Restore，所以其分别为"MSDBData"和"MSDBLog"
            //如果不指定Restore路径则默认恢复到数据库服务器存放数据的文件夹下
            RelocateFile relocateDataFile = new RelocateFile { LogicalFileName = "MSDBData", PhysicalFileName = bkPath + databaseName + ".mdf" };//(databaseName + "_data", bkPath + databaseName + ".mdf");
            RelocateFile relocateLogFile = new RelocateFile { LogicalFileName = "MSDBLog", PhysicalFileName = bkPath + databaseName + ".ldf" };//(databaseName + "_log", bkPath + databaseName + ".ldf");
            restore.Devices.Add(bkDeviceItem);
            restore.RelocateFiles.Add(relocateDataFile);
            restore.RelocateFiles.Add(relocateLogFile);
            restore.SqlRestore(server);
        }
    }
}

执行结果在这里就不贴图了，反正是是在周公家里的中文环境和办公室英文环境中测试通过。预先透漏一下，下一篇将讲述如何获取SQL Server的对象的创建SQL语句，比如表、存储过程、函数等。

2012-05-23

周公