1、rangeOfString: 查找字符串某处是否包含其它字符串。
如果存在则替换: stringByReplacingOccurrencesOfString: withString: replacement options: range:
NSString *string11 = @"Stay,hungry,Stay,foolish";
NSString *string12 = @"hungry";
NSRange range = [string11 rangeOfString:string12];
if (range.location == NSNotFound || range.length == 0) {
NSLog(@"不包含string12");
} else {
string11 = [string11 stringByReplacingOccurrencesOfString:string12 withString:@"there" options:NSCaseInsensitiveSearch range:range];
}
NSLog(@"string11--->>>%@",string11);
打印结果: string11--->>>Stay,there,Stay,foolish
2、substringToIndex: 从所要截取的字符串的开头(下标为0)一直截取到指定的下标位置,但不包括该指定下标位置的字符。
NSString *string21 = @"Stay,hungry,Stay,foolish";
NSString *string22 = [string21 substringToIndex:4];
NSLog(@"string22--->>>%@",string22);
打印结果: string22--->>>Stay
substringFromIndex: 以指定截取的下标位置开始(包括指定下标位置的字符),并包括所要截取字符串之后的全部字符。
NSString *string23 = @"Stay,hungry,Stay,foolish";
NSString *string24 = [string23 substringFromIndex:5];
NSLog(@"string24--->>>%@",string24);
打印结果: string24--->>>hungry,Stay,foolish
3、substringWithRange: 按照所给出的位置,长度,任意地从字符串中截取子串。
简单介绍一下NSMakeRange的用法,
NS_INLINE NSRange NSMakeRange(NSUInteger loc, NSUInteger len) {
NSRange r;
r.location = loc;
r.length = len;
return r;
}
NSMakeRange是一个结构体类型,包含两个参数,位置和长度。表示字符串要传进来从哪里开始的位置和需要的长度。
例如:
NSMakeRange(0,5)
表示从下标0开始,截取5个长度。
5是指从下标0之后截取的长度length。
substringWithRange需要传进来NSRange类型,表示从哪里开始截取和长度,返回字符串类型。
NSString *string31 = @"Stay,hungry,Stay,foolish";
NSString *string32 = [string31 substringWithRange:NSMakeRange(0, 4)];
NSLog(@"string32--->>>%@",string32);
打印结果: string32--->>>Stay
4、replaceCharactersInRange: withString: 用指定字符串替换字符串中某指定位置、长度的字符串
NSMutableString *String41 = [[NSMutableString alloc] initWithString:@"Stay,hungry,Stay,foolish"];
[String41 replaceCharactersInRange:NSMakeRange(0, 4) withString:@"Very"];
NSLog(@"String41--->>>%@",String41);
打印结果: String41--->>>Very,hungry,Stay,foolish
5、hasPrefix: 检查字符串是否以另一个字符串开头
NSString *String51 = @"Stayhungry.txt";
[String51 hasPrefix:@"Stay"] == 1 ? NSLog(@"hasPrefix--->>>YES") : NSLog(@"hasPrefix--->>>NO");
打印结果: hasPrefix--->>>YES
[String51 hasSuffix:@".txt"] == 1 ? NSLog(@"hasSuffix--->>>YES") : NSLog(@"hasSuffix--->>>NO");
打印结果: hasSuffix--->>>YES
6、扩展路径
NSString *Path = @"~/hungry.txt";
NSString *absolutePath = [Path stringByExpandingTildeInPath];
NSLog(@"absolutePath--->>>%@",absolutePath);
打印结果如图所示:
NSLog(@"Path--->>>%@",[absolutePath stringByAbbreviatingWithTildeInPath]);
打印结果: Path--->>>~/hungry.txt
7、获取文件扩展名
NSString *newPath = @"~/hungry.txt";
NSLog(@"Extension--->>>%@",[newPath pathExtension]);
打印结果: Extension--->>>txt
8、用C比较:strcmp函数
// strcmp函数是比较两个字符串的大小,返回比较的结果。一般形式是:
// i = strcmp(字符串1,字符串2);
// 其中,字符串1、字符串2均可为字符串常量或变量;i 是用于存放比较结果的整型变量。比较结果是这样规定的:
// ①字符串1小于字符串2,strcmp函数返回一个负值;
// ②字符串1等于字符串2,strcmp函数返回零;
// ③字符串1大于字符串2,strcmp函数返回一个正值;
char string1[] = "hungry!";
char string2[] = "hungry!";
if(strcmp(string1, string2) == 0)
{
NSLog(@"strcmp函数--->>>返回零");
}
打印结果:strcmp函数--->>>返回零
9、compare方法(comparer返回的三种值)
//NSOrderedSame
NSString *astring91 = @"Esay,foolish!";
NSString *astring92 = @"Esay,foolish!";
BOOL result912 = [astring91 compare:astring92] == NSOrderedSame; //NSOrderedSame判断两者内容是否相同
NSLog(@"result912--->>>%d",result912);
打印结果: result912--->>>1
//NSOrderedAscending
NSString *astring93 = @"Esay,foolish!";
NSString *astring94 = @"esay,foolish!";
BOOL result934 = [astring93 compare:astring94] == NSOrderedAscending; //NSOrderedAscending判断两对象值的大小(按字母顺序进行比较,astring93小于astring94为真) NSOrderedAscending的意思是:左边的操作对象小于右边的对象。--->升序
NSLog(@"result934--->>>%d",result934);
打印结果: result934--->>>1
//NSOrderedDescending
NSString *astring95 = @"esay,foolish!";
NSString *astring96 = @"Esay,foolish!";
BOOL result956 = [astring95 compare:astring96] == NSOrderedDescending; //NSOrderedDescending判断两对象值的大小(按字母顺序进行比较,astring95大于astring96为真) NSOrderedDescending的意思是:左边的操作对象大于右边的对象。--->降序
NSLog(@"result956--->>>%d",result956);
打印结果:result956--->>>1
10、不考虑大小写比较字符串
//caseInsensitiveCompare
NSString *astring101 = @"esay,foolish!";
NSString *astring102 = @"Esay,foolish!";
BOOL result1012 = [astring101 caseInsensitiveCompare:astring102] == NSOrderedSame; //NSOrderedDescending判断两对象值的大小(按字母顺序进行比较,astring101大于astring102为真)
NSLog(@"result1012--->>>%d",result1012);
打印结果: result1012--->>>1
//compare: options:
NSString *astring103 = @"esay,foolish!";
NSString *astring104 = @"Esay,foolish!";
BOOL result1034 = [astring103 compare:astring104
options:NSCaseInsensitiveSearch | NSNumericSearch] == NSOrderedSame; //NSCaseInsensitiveSearch:不区分大小写比较。 NSNumericSearch:按照字符串里的数字为依据,算出顺序。
NSLog(@"result1034--->>>%d",result1034);
打印结果: result1034--->>>1
//NSStringCompareOptions的枚举类型
NSArray *stringsArray = [NSArray arrayWithObjects:
@"hungry 2",
@"Hungry 1",
@"Hungry 300",
@"Hungry 4000",
@"hungry 05000",nil];
NSStringCompareOptions comparisonOptions = NSCaseInsensitiveSearch |NSNumericSearch |NSWidthInsensitiveSearch |NSForcedOrderingSearch;
//NSWidthInsensitiveSearch:忽略字符串的长度,比较出结果。
//NSForcedOrderingSearch:忽略不区分大小写比较的选项,并强制返回 NSOrderedAscending 或者 NSOrderedDescending
NSLocale *currentLocale = [NSLocale currentLocale];//当前用户设置的本地化对象
NSComparator finderSortBlock = ^(id string1,id string2) {
NSRange string1Range =NSMakeRange(0, [string1 length]);
return [string1 compare:string2 options:comparisonOptions range:string1Range locale:currentLocale];
};
NSArray *finderSortArray = [stringsArray sortedArrayUsingComparator:finderSortBlock];
NSLog(@"finderSortArray--->>>%@", finderSortArray);
打印结果:
finderSortArray--->>>(
Hungry 1,
hungry 2,
Hungry 300,
Hungry 4000,
hungry 05000,
)
11、输出大写或者小写字符串
NSString *string111 = @"hungry";
NSString *string112 = @"Hungry";
NSString *string113 = @"stay,hungry";
NSLog(@"string111--->>>%@",[string111 uppercaseString]);//大写
打印结果: string111--->>>HUNGRY
NSLog(@"string112--->>>%@",[string112 lowercaseString]);//小写
打印结果: string112--->>>hungry
NSLog(@"string113--->>>%@",[string113 capitalizedString]);//英文首字母大写,中文字符被忽略,不会报错
打印结果: string113--->>>Stay,Hungry