386. Lexicographical Numbers

Given an integer n, return 1 - n in lexicographical order.

For example, given 13, return: [1,10,11,12,13,2,3,4,5,6,7,8,9].

Please optimize your algorithm to use less time and space. The input size may be as large as 5,000,000.

Solution：

思路：

The idea is pretty simple. If we look at the order we can find out we just keep adding digit from 0 to 9 to every digit and make it a tree.
Then we visit every node in pre-order. 
       1        2        3    ...
      /\\        /\\       /\\
   10 ...19  20...29  30...39   ....

Time Complexity: O(N) Space Complexity: O(N)

Solution Code：

public class Solution {
    public List lexicalOrder(int n) {
        List res = new ArrayList<>();
        for(int i=1;i<10;++i){
          dfs(i, n, res); 
        }
        return res;
    }
    
    public void dfs(int cur, int n, List res){
        if(cur>n)
            return;
        else{
            res.add(cur);
            for(int i=0;i<10;++i){
                if(10*cur+i>n)
                    return;
                dfs(10*cur+i, n, res);
            }
        }
    }
}