踩坑记录
操作系统 windows 10 家庭中文版 1909
- 安装 windows 版本的时候，有一个安装 MongoDB Compass 的选项，如果你选了，恭喜你，125M包，就本地这下载速度，能下个几个小时。
- windows 版本安装过程中会自动新建服务，但，但，自动建立的 MongoDB 服务的 登录身份 确实此账户，结果服务说啥也起不来。果断忽略，然后将登录身份改为 本地系统账户 ，完美解决。
第二天
计划
今天要学习《06 MongoDB基本操作》
Mongo的连接地址格式
mongodb://username:password@host[:port]/database?基本操作
以下都在shell环境下
查看当前数据库
> db
mock切换数据库
> use test查看当前表
> show collections
> show tables插入一条记录
> db.fruit.insertOne({name: "apple"})
{
"acknowledged" : true,
"insertedId" : ObjectId("5dfcae3eebbe93035d7c6b55")
}插入多条记录
> db.fruit.insertMany([
... {name: "apple"},
... {name: "pear"},
... {name: "orage"}
... ])
{
"acknowledged" : true,
"insertedIds" : [
ObjectId("5dfcb07debbe93035d7c6b56"),
ObjectId("5dfcb07debbe93035d7c6b57"),
ObjectId("5dfcb07debbe93035d7c6b58")
]
}检索记录
相当于 select 返回的是游标
> db.fruit.find()
{ "_id" : ObjectId("5dfcae3eebbe93035d7c6b55"), "name" : "apple" }
{ "_id" : ObjectId("5dfcb07debbe93035d7c6b56"), "name" : "apple" }
{ "_id" : ObjectId("5dfcb07debbe93035d7c6b57"), "name" : "pear" }
{ "_id" : ObjectId("5dfcb07debbe93035d7c6b58"), "name" : "orage" }单条件查询（一个条件）
> db.orders.find({"name":"Destinee Schneider"})
{
"_id": ObjectId("5dbe7a545368f69de2b4d36e"),
"street": "493 Hilll Curve",
"city": "Champlinberg",
"state": "Texas",
"country": "Malaysia",
"zip": "24344-1715",
"phone": "425.956.7743 x4621",
"name": "Destinee Schneider",
"userId": 3573,
"orderDate": ISODate("2019-03-26T03:20:08.805Z"),
"status": "created",
"shippingFee": NumberDecimal("8.00"),
"orderLines": [{
"product": "Refined Fresh Tuna",
"sku": "2057",
"qty": 25,
"price": NumberDecimal("56.00"),
"cost": NumberDecimal("46.48")
}, {
"product": "Refined Concrete Ball",
"sku": "1738",
"qty": 61,
"price": NumberDecimal("47.00"),
"cost": NumberDecimal("47")
}, {
"product": "Rustic Granite Towels",
"sku": "500",
"qty": 62,
"price": NumberDecimal("74.00"),
"cost": NumberDecimal("62.16")
}, {
"product": "Refined Rubber Salad",
"sku": "1400",
"qty": 73,
"price": NumberDecimal("93.00"),
"cost": NumberDecimal("87.42")
}, {
"product": "Intelligent Wooden Towels",
"sku": "5674",
"qty": 72,
"price": NumberDecimal("84.00"),
"cost": NumberDecimal("68.88")
}, {
"product": "Refined Steel Bacon",
"sku": "5009",
"qty": 8,
"price": NumberDecimal("53.00"),
"cost": NumberDecimal("50.35")
}],
"total": NumberDecimal("407")
}多条件 and 查询(1)
> db.orders.find({"country":"Italy","city":"North Elliot"})
{
"_id": ObjectId("5dbe7a5b50fc769de3e1a0f8"),
"street": "5769 Von Trail",
"city": "North Elliot",
"state": "South Dakota",
"country": "Italy",
"zip": "93708-8445",
"phone": "1-390-726-3544",
"name": "Alexys Swift",
"userId": 9628,
"orderDate": ISODate("2019-07-25T07:21:14.661Z"),
"status": "completed",
"shippingFee": NumberDecimal("10.00"),
"orderLines": [{
"product": "Refined Plastic Computer",
"sku": "5065",
"qty": 50,
"price": NumberDecimal("82.00"),
"cost": NumberDecimal("71.34")
}, {
"product": "Generic Granite Gloves",
"sku": "4352",
"qty": 10,
"price": NumberDecimal("37.00"),
"cost": NumberDecimal("32.56")
}, {
"product": "Practical Rubber Chicken",
"sku": "2035",
"qty": 29,
"price": NumberDecimal("84.00"),
"cost": NumberDecimal("68.04")
}, {
"product": "Handcrafted Fresh Bike",
"sku": "2276",
"qty": 51,
"price": NumberDecimal("77.00"),
"cost": NumberDecimal("64.68")
}, {
"product": "Sleek Cotton Car",
"sku": "5257",
"qty": 6,
"price": NumberDecimal("94.00"),
"cost": NumberDecimal("79.9")
}, {
"product": "Practical Fresh Mouse",
"sku": "9593",
"qty": 67,
"price": NumberDecimal("98.00"),
"cost": NumberDecimal("96.04")
}, {
"product": "Incredible Plastic Ball",
"sku": "7804",
"qty": 22,
"price": NumberDecimal("45.00"),
"cost": NumberDecimal("39.15")
}, {
"product": "Refined Plastic Bike",
"sku": "9804",
"qty": 27,
"price": NumberDecimal("22.00"),
"cost": NumberDecimal("18.92")
}, {
"product": "Handcrafted Concrete Shoes",
"sku": "1473",
"qty": 1,
"price": NumberDecimal("49.00"),
"cost": NumberDecimal("44.1")
}],
"total": NumberDecimal("588")
}多条件 and 查询(2)
> db.orders.find({$and: [{"country":"Italy"},{"city":"North Elliot"}]})多条件 or 查询
> db.orders.find({$or:[{"country":"Italy"},{"city":"North Elliot"}]})正则表达式查询
> db.orders.find({"country": /^I/}) 查询条件
| SQL | MQL |
|---|---|
| a=1 | {a: 1} |
| a<>1 | {a: {$ne: 1}} |
| a>1 | {a: {$gt: 1}} |
| a<1 | {a: {$lt: 1}} |
| a>=1 | {a: {$gte: 1}} |
| a<=1 | {a: {$lte: 1}} |
| a=1 and b=1 | {a:1,b:1} 或 {$and: [{a:1},{b:1}]} |
| a=1 or b=1 | {$or:[{a:1},{b:1}]} |
| a=null | {a: {$exists:false}} |
| a in (1,2,3) | {a: {$in:[1,2,3]}} |
| a not in(1,2,3) | {a: {$nin:[1,2,3]}} |
搜索子文档
> db.fruit.insertOne({
name: "apple",
from:{
country: "China",
province: "Guangdon"
}
})
要查询China
> db.fruit.find({"from.country":"China"})
{
"_id" : ObjectId("5dfcc154d432688fd475d7a4"),
"name" : "apple",
"from" : {
"country" : "China",
"province" : "Guangdon"
}
}
查询数组中的值
> db.fruit.insert([
{
"name":"Apple",
"color":["red","green"]
},
{
"name":"Mango",
"color":["yellow","green"]
}
])方式1
> db.fruit.find({"color":"red"})
{ "_id" : ObjectId("5dfcc543f598f9f1c332185f"), "name" : "Apple", "color" : [ "red", "green" ] }方式2
> db.fruit.find({$or: [{"color":"red"},{"color":"yellow"}]})
{
"_id" : ObjectId("5dfcc2eed432688fd475d7a6"),
"name" : "Mango",
"color" : [
"yellow",
"green"
]
},
{
"_id" : ObjectId("5dfcc543f598f9f1c332185f"),
"name" : "Apple",
"color" : [
"red",
"green"
]
}查询数组中的对象
> db.movies.insertOne({
"title": "Raiders of the Lost Ark",
"filming_locations": [
{
"city": "Los Angeles",
"state":"CA",
"country": "USA"
},
{
"city": "Rome",
"state": "Lazio",
"country": "Italy"
},
{
"city": "Florence",
"state": "SC",
"country": "USA"
}
]
})一个条件
> db.movies.find({
"filming_locations.city": "Rome"
})
{
"_id" : ObjectId("5dfcc850d432688fd475d7a7"),
"title" : "Raiders of the Lost Ark",
"filming_locations" : [
{
"city" : "Los Angeles",
"state" : "CA",
"country" : "USA"
},
{
"city" : "Rome",
"state" : "Lazio",
"country" : "Italy"
},
{
"city" : "Florence",
"state" : "SC",
"country" : "USA"
}
]
}二个条件
这样是啥也查不到的
> db.movies.find({
"filming_locations.city": "Rome",
"filming_locaionts.country": "Italy"
})应该这么写
> db.movies.find({
"filming_locations": {
$elemMatch: {
"city":"Rome",
"country": "Italy"
}
}
})
{
"_id" : ObjectId("5dfcc850d432688fd475d7a7"),
"title" : "Raiders of the Lost Ark",
"filming_locations" : [
{
"city" : "Los Angeles",
"state" : "CA",
"country" : "USA"
},
{
"city" : "Rome",
"state" : "Lazio",
"country" : "Italy"
},
{
"city" : "Florence",
"state" : "SC",
"country" : "USA"
}
]
}控制 find 返回的字段
- 返回所有记录，但只要 title 字段，不要 _id 字段
> db.movies.find({},{"_id":0,"title":1})
{
"title" : "Raiders of the Lost Ark"
}
对 find 返回的结果进行格式化
> db.movies.find().pretty()要不然在SHELL下面是这样的
{ "_id" : ObjectId("5dfcc850d432688fd475d7a7"), "title" : "Raiders of the Lost Ark", "filming_locations" : [ { "city" : "Los Angeles", "state" : "CA", "country" : "USA" }, { "city" : "Rome", "state" : "Lazio", "country" : "Italy" }, { "city" : "Florence", "state" : "SC", "country" : "USA" } ] }加完变这样了
{
"_id" : ObjectId("5dfcc850d432688fd475d7a7"),
"title" : "Raiders of the Lost Ark",
"filming_locations" : [
{
"city" : "Los Angeles",
"state" : "CA",
"country" : "USA"
},
{
"city" : "Rome",
"state" : "Lazio",
"country" : "Italy"
},
{
"city" : "Florence",
"state" : "SC",
"country" : "USA"
}
]
}删除文档
删除指定 _id 的记录
> db.fruit.remove({"_id" : ObjectId("5dfcc543f598f9f1c3321860")})删除指定条件的文档
> db.fruit.remove({"color":"red"})
WriteResult({ "nRemoved" : 2 })删除所有
> db.movies.remove({})不给参数会报错
> db.movies.remove()更新文档
只作用于集合中存在的文档
更新值
将下面的 name 是 apple 的改成 Apple
{
"_id" : ObjectId("5dfcc154d432688fd475d7a4"),
"name" : "apple",
"from" : {
"country" : "China",
"province" : "Guangdon"
}
}
{
"_id" : ObjectId("5dfcc2eed432688fd475d7a5"),
"name" : "Apple",
"color" : [
"read",
"green"
]
}
{
"_id" : ObjectId("5dfcc2eed432688fd475d7a6"),
"name" : "Mango",
"color" : [
"yellow",
"green"
]
}> db.fruit.update({"name": "apple"}, {$set: {"name": "Apple"}})加个字段
> db.fruit.updateOne({"name":"Mango"},{$set: {"from":"China"}})更新条件
updateOne 与 updateMany
| 条件 | 作用 |
|---|---|
| $push | 添加一个对象到数组底部 |
| $pushAll | 添加多个对象到数组底部 |
| $pop | 从数组底部删除一个对象 |
| $pull | 如果满足指定条件，就从数组中删除对象 |
| $pullAll | 如果满足任意条件，就从数组中删除对象 |
| $addToSet | 如果不存在，就增加值到数组 |
删除集合 drop
删除了没办法恢复哈
> db.fruit.drop()删除数据库 dropDatabase
> db.dropDatabase()最后
今天内容有点多，就是过了一遍，十几分钟的课程，学了有2个多小时，接下来练习练习……