在程序中使用配置文件来灵活的配置一些参数是一件很常见的事情,配置文件的解析并不复杂,在Python里更是如此,在官方发布的库中就包含有做这件事情的库,那就是ConfigParser,这里简单的做一些介绍。
Python ConfigParser模块解析的配置文件的格式比较象ini的配置文件格式,就是文件中由多个section构成,每个section下又有多个配置项,比如:
- [db]
- db_host=127.0.0.1
- db_port=3306
- db_user=root
- db_pass=password
- [concurrent]
- thread=10
- processor=20
假设上面的配置文件的名字为test.conf。里面包含两个section,一个是db, 另一个是concurrent, db里面还包含有4项,concurrent里面有两项。这里来做做解析:
- #-*- encoding: gb2312 -*-
- import ConfigParser
- import string, os, sys
- cf = ConfigParser.ConfigParser()
- cf.read("test.conf")
- # 返回所有的section
- s = cf.sections()
- print 'section:', s
- o = cf.options("db")
- print 'options:', o
- v = cf.items("db")
- print 'db:', v
- print '-'*60
- #可以按照类型读取出来
- db_host = cf.get("db", "db_host")
- db_port = cf.getint("db", "db_port")
- db_user = cf.get("db", "db_user")
- db_pass = cf.get("db", "db_pass")
- # 返回的是整型的
- threads = cf.getint("concurrent", "thread")
- processors = cf.getint("concurrent", "processor")
- print "db_host:", db_host
- print "db_port:", db_port
- print "db_user:", db_user
- print "db_pass:", db_pass
- print "thread:", threads
- print "processor:", processors
- #修改一个值,再写回去
- cf.set("db", "db_pass", "zhaowei")
- cf.write(open("test.conf", "w"))