XCode UnitTest

UnitTest Class

#import 

@interface UnitConversionsTests : XCTestCase

@end

@implementation UnitConversionsTests

- (void)setUp {
    [super setUp];
    // Put setup code here. This method is called before the invocation of each test method in the class.
}

- (void)tearDown {
    // Put teardown code here. This method is called after the invocation of each test method in the class.
    [super tearDown];
}

- (void)testExample {
    // This is an example of a functional test case.
    // Use XCTAssert and related functions to verify your tests produce the correct results.
}

- (void)testPerformanceExample {
    // This is an example of a performance test case.
    [self measureBlock:^{
        // Put the code you want to measure the time of here.
    }];
}

@end

说明:

  1. setup方法会在每个测试方法运行前调用,可以把一些通用的设置放在这个方法中进行
  2. tearDown方法会在所有测试方法结束后调用,可以用来做一些置空或者记录等操作
  3. testExample是一个测试方法示例,方法名必须以test开头,返回值为void
  4. testPerformaceExample方法是一个测试时间性能的方法示例,里面调用的measureBlock方法是XCTestCase类定义的方法,会自动测算block中代码的执行时间

常用的XCTest断言

  1. 空测试
    • XCTAssert(expression,format...)
      说明:基础测试,当expression不满足时,会执行format...的内容,一般为一个说明的字符串
      示例:XCTAssert(response, @"response is nil")
    • XCTAssertNil(expression, format...)
      说明:当expression不为空时,会报错,内容为format...
    • XCTAssertNotNil(expression, format...)
  2. 无条件报错
    XCFail(format...)
    说明:无论是否有误,都会报错,内容为format...
  3. 等价测试
    • XCTAssertEqaulObjects(object1, object2, format...)
      说明:判断两个对象的内容是否相等,不相等则报错
      ps. 经测试,字符串会判断字符串是否一样,相当于isEqualToString
    • XCTAssertNotEqaulObjects(object1, object2, format...)
      说明:与上面相反
    • XCTAssertEqual(object1, object2, format...)
      说明:判断两个对象是否为同一个
      ps. 字符串相当于isEqualTo
    • XCTAssertNotEqual(object1, object2, format...)
      说明:与上面个相反
    • XCTAssertEqualWithAccuracy(var1, var2, accuracy, format...)
      说明:允许var1和var2之间最多相差accuracy,一般用于比较NSInteger等数值类型
    • XCTAssertNotEqualWithAccuracy(var1, var2, accuracy, format...)
    • XCTAssertGreaterThan(expression1, expression2, ...)
    • XCTAssertGreaterThanOrEqual(expression1, expression2, ...)
    • XCTAssertLessThan(expression1, expression2, ...)
    • XCTAssertLessThanOrEqual(expression1, expression2, ...)
  4. BOOL测试
    • XCTAssertTrue(expression, format...)
    • XCTAssertFalse(expression, format...)
  5. 异常测试
    • XCTAssertThrows(expression, ...)
      说明:当expression不抛出异常时报错
    • XCTAssertThrowsSpecific(expression, exception_class, ...)
      说明:当expression不抛出指定类型的异常时报错
    • XCTAssertThrowsSpecificNamed(expression, exception_class, exception_name, ...)
      说明:当expression不抛出指定类型的指定异常时报错
    • XCTAssertNotThrows(expression, ...)
    • XCTAssertNotThrowsSpecific(expression, exception_class, ...)
    • XCTAssertNotThrowsSpecificNamed(expression, exception_class, exception_name, ...)

异步测试

XCode6之后提供了一个XCTestExpectation
用法如下:

//创建一个XCTestExpectation类,通过描述来初始化
XCTestExpectation *expectation = [self expectationWithDescription:@"AFNetworking asynchronousTest"];
    AFHTTPSessionManager *httpSessionManager = [AFHTTPSessionManager manager];
    [httpSessionManager GET:_testUrl
                 parameters:nil
                   progress:^(NSProgress * _Nonnull downloadProgress) {
                       
                   }
                    success:^(NSURLSessionDataTask * _Nonnull task, id  _Nullable responseObject) {
                        XCTAssertNotNil(responseObject, @"responseObject is nil");
                        if (![responseObject isKindOfClass:[NSDictionary class]]) {
                            XCTFail(@"responseObject is not a dictionary");
                        }
                        //若所有的操作都执行完毕,则发送fulfill消息
                        [expectation fulfill];
                    }
                    failure:^(NSURLSessionDataTask * _Nullable task, NSError * _Nonnull error) {
                        XCTFail(@"request failed");
                        [expectation fulfill];
                    }];
    //等待一定时长,若在该时间段内没有收到fulfill消息则会报错
    [self waitForExpectationsWithTimeout:10.0 handler:^(NSError * _Nullable error) {
        if (error) {
            XCTFail(@"time out with error %@", error);
        }
    }];

遇到的问题

  1. 与CocoaPods一起使用时,用CocoaPods管理的第三方库无法在test类中引用
    解决方法:
    在Podfile的第一行添加:
    link_with['AsynchronousTestDemo','AsynchronousTestDemoTests','AsynchronousTestDemoUITests']

参考链接

  1. Testing with Xcode文档(中文版)
    http://www.cocoachina.com/ios/20140715/9144.html
  2. XCTestAssertions.h
  3. 应用CocoaPods管理的项目如何接入单元测试
    http://www.jianshu.com/p/8211b873a401
  4. http://stackoverflow.com/questions/26031395/assertion-failure-in-afhttprequestserializer-requestwithmethodurlstringparam

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