虽然是一些很简单的内容，但对于linux初学者来人说，还是很有用的，软件环境CentOS6.3写一些简单易学

的教程，小风博客www.hotxf.com欢迎大家光临！今天要写的内容是修改yum来源为本地，用系统光盘做yum来源

来安装gcc，简单的例子摆脱RPM安装依赖关系

关于yum

Yum（全称为 Yellow dog Updater, Modified）是一个在Fedora和RedHat以及SUSE、CentOS中的Shell前端软

件包管理器。基於RPM包管理，能够从指定的服务器自动下载RPM包并且安装，可以自动处理依赖性关系，

并且一次安装所有依赖的软件包，无须繁琐地一次次下载、安装。

修改软件包来源

默认软件包来源是从网络上下载进行安装的，现在我们要做的是修改来源为本地进行安装　　

 

接下来挂载光盘到系统，我在根目录下建立过ISO文件夹，所以直接挂到ISO上

从图中可以看到/dev/cdrom已经挂载到了iso目录。

[root@CentOS6-EN /]# mount  /dev/corom /iso

 

2. 写一个yum配置文件

 

yum的配置文件目录为：/etc/yum.repos.d/

 这里我们先备份好系统默认的四个文件： 

 

用mv命令来备份下

[root@CentOS6-EN yum.repos.d]# mv CentOS-Base.repo CentOS-Base.repo.bak

[root@CentOS6-EN yum.repos.d]# mv CentOS-Debuginfo.repo CentOS-Debuginfo.repo.bak

[root@CentOS6-EN yum.repos.d]# mv CentOS-Media.repo CentOS-Media.repo.bak

[root@CentOS6-EN yum.repos.d]# mv CentOS-Vault.repo CentOS-Vault.repo.bak

 

新建一个文件，名为：xiaofeng.repo   内容如下：

 [xiaofeng]

name=xiaofeng

baseurl=file:///mnt          \\查找路径

enable=1                   \\是否检查GPG-KEY，0为不检查，1为检查

gpgchack=0                  \\是否启用yum源，0为不启用，1为启用

[root@CentOS6-EN yum.repos.d]# vim xiaofeng.repo

 

 

 

3.安装软件（gcc等）

查找gcc:

yum search gcc

 

安装gcc:

 yum –y install gcc

 

 [root@CentOS6-EN /]# yum search gcc

Loaded plugins: fastestmirror, security

Loading mirror speeds from cached hostfile

xiaofeng                                                        | 4.0 kB     00:00 ...

================================== N/S Matched: gcc ===================================

compat-libgcc-296.i686 : Compatibility 2.96-RH libgcc library

gcc-c++.i686 : C++ support for GCC

gcc-gnat.i686 : Ada 95 support for GCC

gcc-java.i686 : Java support for GCC

gcc-objc.i686 : Objective-C support for GCC

gcc-objc++.i686 : Objective-C++ support for GCC

libgcc.i686 : GCC version 4.4 shared support library

compat-gcc-34.i686 : Compatibility GNU Compiler Collection

compat-gcc-34-c++.i686 : C++ support for compatibility compiler

compat-gcc-34-g77.i686 : Fortran 77 support for compatibility compiler

gcc.i686 : Various compilers (C, C++, Objective-C, Java, ...)

gcc-gfortran.i686 : Fortran support

libgcj.i686 : Java runtime library for gcc

libgcj-devel.i686 : Libraries for Java development using GCC

libgcj-src.i686 : Java library sources from GCC4 preview

libgomp.i686 : GCC OpenMP v3.0 shared support library

libmudflap.i686 : GCC mudflap shared support library

libmudflap-devel.i686 : GCC mudflap support

 

  Name and summary matches only, use "search all" for everything.

[root@CentOS6-EN /]# yum -y gcc

Loaded plugins: fastestmirror, security

No such command: gcc. Please use /usr/bin/yum --help

[root@CentOS6-EN /]# yum -y install gcc

Loaded plugins: fastestmirror, security

Loading mirror speeds from cached hostfile

Setting up Install Process

Resolving Dependencies

--> Running transaction check

---> Package gcc.i686 0:4.4.6-4.el6 will be installed

--> Processing Dependency: cpp = 4.4.6-4.el6 for package: gcc-4.4.6-4.el6.i686

--> Processing Dependency: glibc-devel >= 2.2.90-12 for package: gcc-4.4.6-4.el6.i686

--> Processing Dependency: cloog-ppl >= 0.15 for package: gcc-4.4.6-4.el6.i686

--> Running transaction check

---> Package cloog-ppl.i686 0:0.15.7-1.2.el6 will be installed

--> Processing Dependency: libppl_c.so.2 for package: cloog-ppl-0.15.7-1.2.el6.i686

--> Processing Dependency: libppl.so.7 for package: cloog-ppl-0.15.7-1.2.el6.i686

---> Package cpp.i686 0:4.4.6-4.el6 will be installed

--> Processing Dependency: libmpfr.so.1 for package: cpp-4.4.6-4.el6.i686

---> Package glibc-devel.i686 0:2.12-1.80.el6 will be installed

--> Processing Dependency: glibc-headers = 2.12-1.80.el6 for package: glibc-devel-2.12-1.80.el6.i686

--> Processing Dependency: glibc-headers for package: glibc-devel-2.12-1.80.el6.i686

--> Running transaction check

---> Package glibc-headers.i686 0:2.12-1.80.el6 will be installed

--> Processing Dependency: kernel-headers >= 2.2.1 for package: glibc-headers-2.12-1.80.el6.i686

--> Processing Dependency: kernel-headers for package: glibc-headers-2.12-1.80.el6.i686

---> Package mpfr.i686 0:2.4.1-6.el6 will be installed

---> Package ppl.i686 0:0.10.2-11.el6 will be installed

--> Running transaction check

---> Package kernel-headers.i686 0:2.6.32-279.el6 will be installed

--> Finished Dependency Resolution

 

Dependencies Resolved

 

=======================================================================================

 ackage                 Arch          Version                 Repository         Size

=======================================================================================

Installing:

 gcc                     i686          4.4.6-4.el6             xiaofeng          8.2 M

Installing for dependencies:

 cloog-ppl               i686          0.15.7-1.2.el6          xiaofeng           93 k

 cpp                     i686          4.4.6-4.el6             xiaofeng          3.4 M

 glibc-devel             i686          2.12-1.80.el6           xiaofeng          970 k

 glibc-headers           i686          2.12-1.80.el6           xiaofeng          609 k

 kernel-headers          i686          2.6.32-279.el6          xiaofeng          1.9 M

 mpfr                    i686          2.4.1-6.el6             xiaofeng          153 k

 ppl                     i686          0.10.2-11.el6           xiaofeng          1.3 M

 

Transaction Summary

=======================================================================================

Install       8 Package(s)

 

Total download size: 16 M

Installed size: 35 M

Downloading Packages:

---------------------------------------------------------------------------------------

Total                                                   18 MB/s |  16 MB     00:00    

Running rpm_check_debug

Running Transaction Test

Transaction Test Succeeded

Running Transaction

  Installing : kernel-headers-2.6.32-279.el6.i686                                  1/8

  Installing : glibc-headers-2.12-1.80.el6.i686                                    2/8

  Installing : glibc-devel-2.12-1.80.el6.i686                                      3/8

  Installing : ppl-0.10.2-11.el6.i686                                              4/8

  Installing : cloog-ppl-0.15.7-1.2.el6.i686                                       5/8

  Installing : mpfr-2.4.1-6.el6.i686                                               6/8

  Installing : cpp-4.4.6-4.el6.i686                                                7/8

  Installing : gcc-4.4.6-4.el6.i686                                                8/8

  Verifying  : glibc-headers-2.12-1.80.el6.i686                                    1/8

  Verifying  : kernel-headers-2.6.32-279.el6.i686                                  2/8

  Verifying  : cpp-4.4.6-4.el6.i686                                                3/8

  Verifying  : glibc-devel-2.12-1.80.el6.i686                                      4/8

  Verifying  : mpfr-2.4.1-6.el6.i686                                               5/8

  Verifying  : ppl-0.10.2-11.el6.i686                                              6/8

  Verifying  : gcc-4.4.6-4.el6.i686                                                7/8

  Verifying  : cloog-ppl-0.15.7-1.2.el6.i686                                       8/8

 

Installed:

  gcc.i686 0:4.4.6-4.el6                                                              

 

Dependency Installed:

  cloog-ppl.i686 0:0.15.7-1.2.el6             cpp.i686 0:4.4.6-4.el6                   

  glibc-devel.i686 0:2.12-1.80.el6            glibc-headers.i686 0:2.12-1.80.el6      

  kernel-headers.i686 0:2.6.32-279.el6        mpfr.i686 0:2.4.1-6.el6                 

  ppl.i686 0:0.10.2-11.el6                  

 

Complete!

[root@CentOS6-EN /]#到这里就完成了安装，小风博客www.hotxf.com 欢迎大家光临，学习交流！