LNMP平台搭建

LNMP:Linux+Nginx+Mysql+PHP

系统环境:

rhel 6.3 selinux,iptables disabled

需要的软件:

mysql-5.5.12.tar.gz

nginx-1.2.7.tar.gz

libiconv-1.13.1.tar.gz

libmcrypt-2.5.8.tar.bz2

mhash-0.9.9.9.tar.bz2

mcrypt-2.6.8.tar.gz

php-5.4.12.tar.bz2

libiconv-1.13.1.tar.gz

源码包编译安装LNMP平台

Mysql: #安装方法在INSTALL-SOURCE中有详细描述

#源码安装参照INSTALL-SOURCE中2.9. Installing MySQL from Source

#源码安装配置参照INSTALL-SOURCE中2.9.4. MySQL Source-Configuration Options

yum install make cmake gcc gcc-c++ ncurses-devel bison -y

tar xzf mysql-5.5.12.tar.gz

cd mysql-5.5.12

cmake -DCMAKE_INSTALL_PREFIX=/usr/local/lnmp/mysql \ #安装目录

-DMYSQL_DATADIR=/usr/local/lnmp/mysql/data \

-DWITH_INNOBASE_STORAGE_ENGINE=1 \ #存储引擎支持,The MyISAM, MERGE, MEMORY, and CSV engines are mandatory (always compiled into the server) and need not be installed explicitly.

-DWITH_ARCHIVE_STORAGE_ENGINE=1 \

-DWITH_BLACKHOLE_STORAGE_ENGINE=1 \

-DWITH_PERFSCHEMA_STORAGE_ENGINE=1 \

-DWITH_PARTITION_STORAGE_ENGINE=1 \

-DWITH_PERFSCHEMA_STORAGE_ENGINE=1 \

-DDEFAULT_CHARSET=utf8 \ #使用字符utf8

-DDEFAULT_COLLATION=utf8_general_ci \ #校验字符

-DENABLED_LOCAL_INFILE=1 \ #允许从本地导入数据

-DMYSQL_UNIX_ADDR=/usr/local/lnmp/mysql/data/mysql.sock \ #Unix socket文件路径

-DMYSQL_TCP_PORT=3306 \ #监听端口

-DWITH_EXTRA_CHARSETS=all \ #额外字符

-DWITH_READLINE=1 \ #支持快捷键

-DWITH_SSL=yes #支持SSL

cmake失败

make clean

rm -fr CMakeCache.txt

cmake成功

make && make install

useradd -M -s /sbin/nologin mysql #mysql数据库的用户,使用mysql用户对数据库进行管理,保证安全性

cd /usr/local/lnmp/mysql

chown -R mysql.mysql ./

scripts/mysql_install_db --help

scripts/mysql_install_db --user=mysql --basedir=/usr/local/lnmp/mysql/ --datadir=/usr/local/lnmp/mysql/data/ #必须指定mysql安装目录与data目录

chown -R root ./

chown -R mysql data/

cp support-files/my-medium.cnf /etc/my.cnf #把mysql的配置文件copy到/etc/my.cnf

cp support-files/mysql.server /etc/init.d/mysqld #mysql的init脚本

vi ~/.bash_profile

PATH=$PATH:$HOME/bin:/usr/local/lnmp/mysql/bin

source ~/.bash_profile

/etc/init.d/mysqld start

mysql_secure_installation #数据库使用配置

SUCCESS

PHP:

tar xzf libiconv-1.13.1.tar.gz #加强系统对字符编码转换功能

cd libiconv-1.13.1

./configure --libdir=/usr/local/lib64/

make && make install

tar xjf libmcrypt-2.5.8.tar.bz2 #mcrypt,mhash用作加密功能

cd libmcrypt-2.5.8

./configure --libdir=/usr/local/lib64/

make && make install

cd libltdl/

./configure --libdir=/usr/local/lib64/ --enable-ltdl-install

make && make install

tar xjf mhash-0.9.9.9.tar.bz2

./configure --libdir=/usr/local/lib64/

make && make install

ldconfig /usr/local/lib64/ #ldconfig,configure dynamic linker run-time bindings,加载下库文件,不然安装mcrypt会报错

tar xzf mcrypt-2.6.8.tar.gz

cd mcrypt-2.6.8

./configure --libdir=/usr/local/lib64/

make && make install

ldconfig /usr/local/lib64 #再次加载,不然php安装可能会失败

若提示/bin/rm: cannot remove `libtoolT': No such file or directory忽视此项,对PHP编译无影响

yum install libxml2-devel libcurl-devel libjpeg-devel libpng-devel freetype-devel gmp-devel openssl-devel readline-devel php-pear openldap-devel.i686 -y

tar xjf php-5.4.12.tar.bz2

cd php-5.4.12

./configure --prefix=/usr/local/lnmp/php --enable-fpm --with-fpm-user=php --with-fpm-group=php --with-config-file-path=/usr/local/lnmp/php/etc --with-openssl --with-libxml-dir --with-pcre-dir --with-pear --with-zlib --with-curl --enable-ftp --with-gd --with-jpeg-dir --with-png-dir --with-freetype-dir --with-gettext --with-gmp --with-mhash --enable-mbstring --with-mcrypt --with-mysql=/usr/local/lnmp/mysql/ --with-readline --enable-inline-optimization --enable-sockets --enable-soap --with-mysqli=/usr/local/lnmp/mysql/bin/mysql_config --with-ldap --with-ldap-sasl

#configure: error: Cannot find ldap libraries in /usr/lib 解决办法:yum install openldap-devel.i686 or yum install openldap-devel -y,cp -fr /usr/lib64/libldap* /usr/lib/

make ZEND_EXTRA_LIBS='-liconv'

make install

cp php.ini-production /usr/local/lnmp/php/etc/php.ini #copy配置文件

cp sapi/fpm/init.d.php-fpm /etc/init.d/php-fpm #将php-fpm添加为init程序

chmod +x /etc/init.d/php-fpm #添加可执行权限

cd /usr/local/lnmp/php/etc/

cp php-fpm.conf.default php-fpm.conf #php-fpm配置文件

vi php-fpm.conf

[global]

pid = run/php-fpm.pid

user = php

group = php

pm.max_children = 50

pm.start_servers = 20

pm.min_spare_servers = 5 #得来有计算公式min_spare_servers + (max_spare_servers - min_spare_servers) / 2

pm.max_spare_servers = 35

pm.max_requests = 500

useradd -M -s /sbin/nologin php

vi ~/.bash_profile

PATH=$PATH:$HOME/bin:/usr/local/lnmp/mysql/bin:/usr/local/lnmp/php/bin

source ~/.bash_profile

/etc/init.d/php-fpm start #若提示没有libmcrypt库,ldconfig /usr/local/lib64(同时将/usr/local/lib64加入/etc/ld.so.conf新一行)

netstat -antple|grep 9000 #看9000端口是否开启,用来处理动态请求

SUCCESS

Nginx:

tar xzf nginx-1.2.7.tar.gz

cd nginx-1.2.7

vi src/core/nginx.h

#define NGINX_VERSION      "1.2.7"

#define NGINX_VER          "nginx/" NGINX_VERSION #去掉NGINX_VERSION,即版本号,提升nginx的安全性

修改后为

#define NGINX_VERSION      "1.2.7"

#define NGINX_VER          "nginx/"

useradd -M -s /sbin/nologin nginx

yum install pcre-devel

./configure --prefix=/usr/local/lnmp/nginx --user=nginx --group=nginx --with-http_ssl_module --with-http_stub_status_module

make && make install

ln -s /usr/local/lnmp/nginx/sbin/nginx /usr/local/sbin/

cd /usr/local/lnmp/nginx

vi conf/nginx.conf

user  nginx nginx;

worker_processes  1; #nginx开启的工作进程数

pid        logs/nginx.pid; #去掉注释

events {

use epoll; #使用epoll事件模型

worker_connections  1024; #总连接数=worker_processes*worker_connections

}

nginx -t #测试配置文件是否成功

nginx #开启nginx服务

nginx -s stop #停止nginx服务

nginx -s reload #重新加载nginx

EXAMPLE:

nignx默认发布目录/usr/local/lnmp/nginx/html

vi /usr/local/lnmp/nginx/conf/nginx.conf

nignx支持php动态网页

http {

location ~ \.php$ {

root           html;

fastcgi_pass   127.0.0.1:9000; #fastcgi使用本机9000端口处理动态网页请求

fastcgi_index  index.php;

fastcgi_param  SCRIPT_FILENAME  /scripts$fastcgi_script_name;

include        fastcgi.conf; #将fastcgi_params改为fastcgi.conf

}

}

测试页index.php

phpinfo();

?>

浏览器访问http://nginxserver_IP/index.php得到php反馈页面即php安装即成功

nginx负载均衡

vi /

http {

upstream myproject {

# server IP:port weight=number;

       server 192.168.122.5;

       server 192.168.122.4;

}

server {

listen       80;

server_name  www.test.com;

location / {

   proxy_pass   http://myproject; #用户访问www.test.com时,会跳转到myproject上进行服务器负载分配

}

}

phpMyAdmin: #用于数据库管理

tar xjf phpMyAdmin-3.5.7-all-languages.tar.bz2 -C /usr/local/lnmp/nginx/html/

cd /usr/local/lnmp/nginx/html/

mv phpMyAdmin-3.5.7-all-languages/ php

cd php/

cp config.sample.inc.php config.inc.php

vi /usr/local/lnmp/nginx/conf/nginx.conf

location / {

root   html;

index  index.html index.htm index.php; #添加对index.php的默认访问设置

}

浏览器访问http://nginxserver_IP/php/

输入mysql的用户名和密码

SUCCESS

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