一、HealthKit 简介
HealthKit 是 Apple 在 iOS 8 推出的一款与健康有关的 API ，它提供了一种优雅的方式来获取和存储用户的健康数据。在 iOS 8 Apple 加入了一个健康APP，用来整合不同来源的数据。这些数据包括个人的身高、体重、血型等基本信息，步行+跑步距离、步数等健身信息等。
在本篇 HealthKit 教程中，将会创建一个简单地记录用户信息的 App。主要功能：
- 怎么样向用户请求允许来获得 HealthKit 的数据。
- 怎样通过 HealthKit 获取用户数据，包括获取步数、行走路程、性别。
- 怎么样将数据写回 HealthKit ，如设置体重。
二、HealthKit 准备工作
1、隐私策略
由于苹果一些重要的隐私策略改变，我们需要在info.plist文件中声明苹果健康的使用权限，所以在info.plist中添加以下key就可以了。请求写入和请求读取都需要添加！
// 请求写入
NSHealthUpdateUsageDescription
NSHealthUpdateUsageDescription
请求更新健康信息
// 请求读取
NSHealthShareUsageDescription
请求获取健康信息
2、开启HealthKit
开启HealthKit
三、HealthKit Let's Coding
1、代码初始化
新建一个HealthKitManage类，继承于NSObject，并且引入HealthKit库，懒加载healthStore
import HealthKit
class HealthKitManage: NSObject {
private lazy var healthStore = HKHealthStore()
}
2、授权
申请获取读取用户的健康信息
/// 授权申请
private func authorizeHealthKit() {
// 判读是否支持‘健康’
if HKHealthStore.isHealthDataAvailable() {
healthStore.requestAuthorization(toShare: dataTypesToWrite(), read: dataTypesRead()) { (isAuthorize, error) in
print(isAuthorize)
print(error)
}
} else {
print("can't support!")
}
}
/// 获取‘写’取权限，配置需要向用户的健康中写入的数据
private func dataTypesToWrite() -> Set? {
guard let height = HKObjectType.quantityType(forIdentifier: .height),
let weight = HKObjectType.quantityType(forIdentifier: .bodyMass),
let temperature = HKObjectType.quantityType(forIdentifier: .bodyTemperature),
let activeEnergy = HKObjectType.quantityType(forIdentifier: .basalEnergyBurned) else { return nil }
var set = Set()
set.insert(height)
set.insert(weight)
set.insert(temperature)
set.insert(activeEnergy)
return set
}
/// 获取‘读’权限，可以读取用户健康中的哪些信息
private func dataTypesRead() -> Set? {
guard let height = HKObjectType.quantityType(forIdentifier: .height),
let weight = HKObjectType.quantityType(forIdentifier: .bodyMass),
let temperature = HKObjectType.quantityType(forIdentifier: .bodyTemperature),
let birthday = HKObjectType.characteristicType(forIdentifier: .dateOfBirth),
let sex = HKObjectType.characteristicType(forIdentifier: .biologicalSex),
let stepCount = HKObjectType.quantityType(forIdentifier: .stepCount),
let distance = HKObjectType.quantityType(forIdentifier: .distanceWalkingRunning),
let activeEnergy = HKObjectType.quantityType(forIdentifier: .basalEnergyBurned) else { return nil }
var set = Set()
set.insert(height)
set.insert(weight)
set.insert(temperature)
set.insert(birthday)
set.insert(sex)
set.insert(stepCount)
set.insert(distance)
set.insert(activeEnergy)
return set
}
3、将HealthKitManage类，设计为单例
static let shared = HealthKitManage()
private override init() {
super.init()
// 授权判断
authorizeHealthKit()
}
4、获取步数
/// 获取步数
///
/// - Parameters:
/// - beginTime: 获取计步的开始时间
/// - endTime: 获取计步的结束时间
/// - complented: 完成回调，注意是在子线程回调
func getStepCount(beginTime: Date, endTime: Date, complented: @escaping ((_ step: Int) -> ())) {
guard let step = HKObjectType.quantityType(forIdentifier: .stepCount) else { return }
let timeSortDescriptor = NSSortDescriptor(key: HKSampleSortIdentifierEndDate, ascending: false)
let predicate = HKQuery.predicateForSamples(withStart: beginTime, end: endTime)
let query = HKSampleQuery(sampleType: step, predicate: predicate, limit: HKObjectQueryNoLimit, sortDescriptors: [timeSortDescriptor]) { (query, results, error) in
guard let results = results as? [HKQuantitySample] else { return }
var step = 0
for quantitySample in results {
let quantity = quantitySample.quantity
let heightUnit = HKUnit.count()
let usersHeight = quantity.doubleValue(for: heightUnit)
step += Int(usersHeight)
}
complented(step)
}
healthStore.execute(query)
}
5、获取行走路程
/// 获取行走路程
///
/// - Parameters:
/// - beginTime: 获取路程的开始时间
/// - endTime: 获取路程的结束时间
/// - complented: 完成回调，注意是在子线程回调
func getDistance(beginTime: Date, endTime: Date, complented: @escaping (_ distance: Double) -> ()) {
guard let distanceType = HKObjectType.quantityType(forIdentifier: .distanceWalkingRunning) else { return }
let timeSortDescriptor = NSSortDescriptor(key: HKSampleSortIdentifierEndDate, ascending: false)
let predicate = HKQuery.predicateForSamples(withStart: beginTime, end: endTime)
let query = HKSampleQuery(sampleType: distanceType, predicate: predicate, limit: HKObjectQueryNoLimit, sortDescriptors: [timeSortDescriptor]) { (qurry, samples, error) in
guard let quantitySamples = samples as? [HKQuantitySample] else { return }
var totalDistance: Double = 0
for quantitySample in quantitySamples {
let quantity = quantitySample.quantity
let distanceUnit = HKUnit.meterUnit(with: .kilo)
let dis = quantity.doubleValue(for: distanceUnit)
totalDistance += dis
}
complented(totalDistance)
}
healthStore.execute(query)
}
6、获取性别
/// 获取性别
func getGender() -> HKBiologicalSex {
return (try! healthStore.biologicalSex()).biologicalSex
}
7、设置体重
/// 设置体重
func setWeight() {
let quantityType = HKQuantityType.quantityType(forIdentifier: .bodyMass)!
let weight: Double = 0
let quantity = HKQuantity(unit: HKUnit(from: .gram), doubleValue: weight)
let weightSample = HKQuantitySample(type: quantityType, quantity: quantity, start: Date(), end: Date())
healthStore.save(weightSample) { (success, error) in
if success {
print("体重设置成功")
} else {
print("体重设置失败")
}
}
}
四、CoreMotion
如果你修改健康中的步数，微信健康里的步数并不会改变，说明微信不是用 HealthKit 来获取步数的，有可能是用 CoreMotion 来实现的，这里的数据是无法修改的。
import CoreMotion
class ViewController: UIViewController {
private lazy var pedometer = CMPedometer()
override func touchesBegan(_ touches: Set, with event: UIEvent?) {
if !CMPedometer.isStepCountingAvailable() { return }
pedometer.queryPedometerData(from: Date(timeIntervalSinceNow: -3 * 24 * 3600), to: Date()) { (data, error) in
guard let data = data else { return }
print(data)
}
}
}
注意：需要在Info.plist中申请权限NSMotionUsageDescription