课程
My friend, Herbert, has always been fat, but things got so bad recently that he decided to go on a diet. He began his diet a week ago. First of all, he wrote out a long list of all the foods which were forbidden. The list included most of the things Herbert loves: butter, potatoes, rice, beer, milk, chocolate, and sweets. Yesterday I paid him a visit. I rang the bell and was not surprised to see that Herbert was still as fat as ever. He led me into his room and hurriedly hid a large parcel under his desk. It was obvious that he was very embarrassed. When I asked him what he was doing, he smiled guiltily and then put the parcel on the desk. He explained that his diet was so strict that he had to reward himself occasionally. Then he showed me the contents of the parcel. It contained five large bars of chocolate and three bags of sweets!
reward
- n. 报偿，奖赏
- v. 给奖赏
(as a) reward for：作为对 … 的奖励，酬谢
How can I reward your kindness?
reward sb. with sth. 用某物来作为某人的奖励
reward sb. for sth. 因为某事而奖赏某人
rewarding：adj. 有意义的，值得做的
Teaching can be a very rewarding career.
rewardless adj.无报酬的，徒劳的
virtue
n. 美德，优点
opposite：vice 恶毒的品德
by / in virtue of：凭借 …
She got the green card by virtue of her marriage.
Seven Virtues：宗教中提倡的7种美德（其中一个版本）
chastity /'tʃæstəti/：贞节，纯洁
charity：慈善，宽容
temperance /'tɛmpərəns/：温和，节制
diligence /'dɪlɪdʒəns/：勤劳
patience：耐心
kindness：善良
humility /hju'mɪləti/：谦逊
virtuous /'vɝtʃuəs/：adj. 品德高尚的，正直的
diet
- n. 节食
go on a diet
be on a diet
I'm on a diet these days. - n. 日常饮食
It's important to have a balanced, healthy diet.
forbid
v. 禁止
mustn't do sth.
forbid sb. from doing sth.
forbid sb. to do sth.
allow sb. to do sth. 允许
forbidden：adj. 禁止的
it is forbidden to do sth.
Forbidden City：紫禁城
Summer Palace：颐和园
The Palace Museum：故宫
embarrass
v. 使尴尬
embarrass sb.：使某人尴尬
You embarrassed me.
You made me embarrassed.
strict
adj. 严格的
be strict with sb. 对某人严格的
be strict about / in sth. 对某事严格的
*My families are very strict with kids. *
My friend, Herbert, has always been fat, but things got so bad recently that he decided to go on a diet.
but things got so bad recently：情况最近很糟糕
so … that …：如此 … 以至于
decide to do sth.
go on a diet
He began his diet a week ago. First of all, he wrote out a long list of all the foods which were forbidden.
first of all 首先
first things first / at first / first and foremost / first 首先，最重要的
a list of … ...的单子
shopping list：购物清单
The list included most of the things Herbert loves: butter, potatoes, rice, beer, milk, chocolate, and sweets.
include：包括，包含
contain：容纳，装着，盛有（通常指容器）
Yesterday I paid him a visit.
拜访某地或者某人
pay sb. a visit
pay a visit to sb. / spl.
I rang the bell and was not surprised to see that Herbert was still as fat as ever.
ring the bell 按门铃
be surprised to do
be surprised at sth.
as … as ever / usual：像往常一样
He led me into his room and hurriedly hid a large parcel under his desk. It was obvious that he was very embarrassed.
lead sb. into：引某人进来
show sb. out：送某人走
hide - hid - hidden
It was obvious that … = Obviously, he was very embarrassed.
be embarrassed
When I asked him what he was doing, he smiled guiltily and then put the parcel on the desk.
when：引导时间状语从句
smiled guiltily
guilty：adj. 内疚的，惭愧的
He explained that his diet was so strict that he had to reward himself occasionally.
so … that …
reward sb.
occasionally：(every) once in a while 偶尔
Then he showed me the contents of the parcel. It contained five large bars of chocolate and three bags of sweets!
it contained …
a bar of chocolate 一块巧克力
句型演练
a. raise & rise
raise：vt.人为的抬高
raise one's hand; raise sth.; raise the level; etc.
rise：vi.
I always rise at six o'clock; All rise; The sun has just risen; etc.
b. lay & lie
lay：vt. 放下，下蛋 - lay - laid - laid - laying
lay sth. on … ; lay the table; lay an egg; etc.
lie：vi. 躺下，说谎
躺下：lie - lay - lain - lying
说谎：lie - lied - lied - lying
c. beat & win
beat：beat sb.
win：win the game
Seven Sins
wrath /ræθ/：愤怒
lust /lʌst/：色欲
greed /ɡrid/：贪婪
envy：妒忌
sloth /sloθ/ ：懒惰
gluttony /ˈɡlʌtni/：贪食
pride：傲慢