Mysql数据库读写分离
一、    Mysql数据库安装(此处略过)
二、    Mysql主从复制,主服务器为A:192.168.5.31,从服务器为B:192.168.5.32
1、    主服务器A上操作
登陆mysql
Mysql –u root –p
授权从服务器B同步数据用户
mysql> GRANT REPLICATION SLAVE ON *.* to 'slavedb'@'192.168.5.32' identified by '123456';
查看主服务器状态,记录红色字体标示,配置从服务器备用
mysql> show master status;
+------------------+----------+--------------+------------------+
| File             | Position | Binlog_Do_DB | Binlog_Ignore_DB |
+------------------+----------+--------------+------------------+
| mysql-bin.000006 |      107 |              | mysql            |
+------------------+----------+--------------+------------------+
修改mysql配置文件
        vi /etc/my.cnf
        server-id = 1   #设置server-id为1,1表示为主服务器
        binlog-do-db=  #需要进行同步的数据库,全部库都同步可不填
        binlog-ignore-db=  #不需要同步的数据库
2、    从服务器B上操作
修改mysql配置文件
vi /etc/my.cnf
server-di = 2  #设置server-id为2
binlog-do-db=  #根据需要进行设置
binlog-ignore-db=    #根据需要进行设置
登陆mysql
mysql –u root –p
停止slave同步
mysql> salve stop;
执行数据库同步命令, master_log_file, master_log_pos选项需要根据主数据填写
Mysql>Change master to
master_host='192.168.5.31',
master_user='slavedb',
master_password='123456',
master_log_file='mysql-bin.000006',
master_log_pos=107;
启动slave同步
mysql> salve start;
查看同步状态,Slave_IO_Running,Slave_SQL_Running同时为yes表示已开启同步
mysql> show slave status \G
*************************** 1. row ***************************
               Slave_IO_State: Waiting for master to send event
                  Master_Host: 192.168.5.31
                  Master_User: slavedb
                  Master_Port: 3306
                Connect_Retry: 60
              Master_Log_File: mysql-bin.000006
          Read_Master_Log_Pos: 107
               Relay_Log_File: cs2-relay-bin.000004
                Relay_Log_Pos: 253
        Relay_Master_Log_File: mysql-bin.000006
             Slave_IO_Running: Yes
            Slave_SQL_Running: Yes
              Replicate_Do_DB:
          Replicate_Ignore_DB: mysql
           Replicate_Do_Table:
       Replicate_Ignore_Table:
      Replicate_Wild_Do_Table:
  Replicate_Wild_Ignore_Table:
3、    测试主从复制
在主数据库创建数据库
mysql>create database db1;
在从数据库查看数据库,显示db1复制正常
mysql> show databases;
+--------------------+
| Database           |
+--------------------+
| information_schema |
| db1                |
| mysql              |
| performance_schema |
+--------------------+
4 rows in set (0.00 sec)
三、    配置数据库读写分离,由mysql proxy完成,主服务器A为写操作,从服务器B为读操作
1、    配置mysql proxy,根据需要下载32位或64位
wget http://cdn.mysql.com/Downloads/MySQL-Proxy/mysql-proxy-0.8.3-linux-glibc2.3-x86-32bit.tar.gz
wget http://cdn.mysql.com/Downloads/MySQL-Proxy/mysql-proxy-0.8.3-linux-glibc2.3-x86-64bit.tar.gz
解压mysql proxy
tar –zxvf mysql-proxy-0.8.3-linux-glibc2.3-x86-32bit.tar.gz
cp –r mysql-proxy-0.8.3-linux-glibc2.3-x86-32bit /usr/local/mysql-proxy
2、    创建mysql proxy配置文件,具体参数可查看/usr/local/mysql-proxy/bin/mysql-proxy –help-all
vi /etc/mysql-proxy.cnf   
[mysql-proxy]
user=root      #指定mysql-proxy运行用户
proxy-address=192.168.5.31:4040   #mysql-proxy运行运行ip和端口号
proxy-read-only-backend-addresses=192.168.5.32:3306  #读操作数据库地址
proxy-backend-addresses=192.168.5.31:3306   #写操作数据库地址
proxy-lua-script=/usr/local/mysql-proxy/scripts/rw-splitting.lua  #读写分离配置文件路径
log-file=/usr/local/mysql-proxy/log/mysql-proxy.log  #日志文件存放路径
log-level=debug
daemon=true  #以守护进程方式运行
keepalive=true   #mysql-proxy进程假死后自动重启

3、    创建日志存放目录
        mkdir /usr/local/mysql-proxy/log
4、    复制读写分离配置文件
mkdir /usr/local/mysql-proxy/scripts
cp /usr/local/mysql-proxy/share/doc/mysql-proxy/rw-splitting.lua /usr/local/mysql-proxy/scripts
     
5、    修改读写分离配置文件,默认达到4个连接才进行读写分离
        vi /usr/local/mysql-proxy/scripts/rw-splitting.lua 
        if not proxy.global.config.rwsplit then
        proxy.global.config.rwsplit = {
                min_idle_connections = 1,  #默认4,改为1
                max_idle_connections = 1,  #默认8,改为1
                is_debug = false 
        }
end

6、    修改mysql-proxy.cnf权限
chmod 660 /etc/mysql-proxy.cnf

7、    启动mysql proxy
/usr/local/mysql-proxy/bin/mysql-proxy --defaults-file=/etc/mysql-proxy.cnf

8、    创建用于读写分离数据库连接账户
登陆主服务器,创建用户
mysql > GRANT ALL PRIVILEGES ON *.* TO "proxy"@"192.168.5.31" IDENTIFIED BY 'proxy' WITH GRANT OPTION;
9、    测试读写分离
登陆从服务器B,停止数据库同步
mysql>slave stop;

在客户端连接mysql proxy进行读写操作
mysql –u proxy –h 192.168.5.31 –p –P 4040
登陆后在db1中写入数据
mysql>use db1;
mysql>create table tb1(id int(5),name char(10));
mysql>insert into tb1 values (1,’abc’);
在db1 中查询数据
mysql> select * from tb1;
Empty set (0.00 sec)

查询为空说明读写分离成功