一、 基本操作
1．进入 HBase 客户端命令行
zlj@dell:/usr/local/Hbase$ bin/hbase shell
2．查看帮助命令
hbase(main):001:0> help
3．查看当前数据库中有哪些表
hbase(main):002:0> list
二、 表的操作
1．创建表
hbase(main):002:0> create 'student','info'
2．插入数据到表
hbase(main):003:0> put 'student','1001','info:sex','male'
hbase(main):004:0> put 'student','1001','info:age','18'
hbase(main):005:0> put 'student','1002','info:name','Janna'
hbase(main):006:0> put 'student','1002','info:gender','female'
hbase(main):007:0> put 'student','1002','info:age','20'
3．扫描查看表数据
hbase(main):008:0> scan 'student'
hbase(main):009:0> scan 'student',{STARTROW => '1001', STOPROW =>'1002'}
hbase(main):010:0> scan 'student',{STARTROW => '1001'}
4．查看表结构
hbase(main):011:0> describe ‘student’
5．更新指定字段的数据
hbase(main):012:0> put 'student','1001','info:name','Nick'
hbase(main):013:0> put 'student','1001','info:age','100'
6．查看“指定行”或“指定列族:列”的数据
hbase(main):014:0> get 'student','1001'
hbase(main):015:0> get 'student','1001','info:name'
7．统计表数据行数
hbase(main):021:0> count 'student'
8．删除数据
删除某 rowkey 的全部数据：
hbase(main):016:0> deleteall 'student','1001'
删除某 rowkey 的某一列数据：
hbase(main):017:0> delete 'student','1002','info:sex'
9．清空表数据
hbase(main):047:0> truncate 'test'
Truncating 'test' table (it may take a while):
- Disabling table...
- Truncating table...
0 row(s) in 3.4070 seconds
hbase(main):048:0> list
TABLE
test
1 row(s) in 0.0150 seconds
=> ["test"]
hbase(main):049:0>
提示：清空表的操作顺序为先 disable，然后再 truncate。truncate之后，表还存在，只是数据没有了。
10．删除表
首先需要先让该表为 disable 状态：
hbase(main):019:0> disable 'student'
然后才能 drop 这个表：
hbase(main):020:0> drop 'student'
提示：如果直接 drop 表，会报错：ERROR: Table student is enabled. Disable it first.
11．变更表信息
将 info 列族中的数据存放 3 个版本：
hbase(main):022:0> alter 'student',{NAME=>'info',VERSIONS=>3}
hbase(main):022:0> get 'student','1001',{COLUMN=>'info:name',VERSIONS=>3}
三、 HBase多版本操作：
hbase(main):032:0> describe 'test'
Table test is ENABLED
test
COLUMN FAMILIES DESCRIPTION
{NAME => 'info', BLOOMFILTER => 'ROW', VERSIONS => '1', IN_MEMORY => 'false', KEEP_DELETED_CELLS => 'FALSE', DATA_BLOCK_ENC
ODING => 'NONE', TTL => 'FOREVER', COMPRESSION => 'NONE', MIN_VERSIONS => '0', BLOCKCACHE => 'true', BLOCKSIZE => '65536',
REPLICATION_SCOPE => '0'}
1 row(s) in 0.0310 seconds
目前版本为1，修改版本为3：
hbase(main):036:0> alter 'test', {NAME=>'info', VERSIONS=>3}
Updating all regions with the new schema...
1/1 regions updated.
Done.
0 row(s) in 1.9960 seconds
hbase(main):037:0> scan 'test'
ROW COLUMN+CELL
10001 column=info:age, timestamp=1544770827600, value=12
10001 column=info:name, timestamp=1544770739729, value=tom
1 row(s) in 0.0100 seconds
hbase(main):038:0> put 'test', '10001', 'info:name', 'jack'
0 row(s) in 0.0140 seconds
hbase(main):039:0> scan 'test'
ROW COLUMN+CELL
10001 column=info:age, timestamp=1544770827600, value=12
10001 column=info:name, timestamp=1544772955796, value=jack
1 row(s) in 0.0100 seconds
hbase(main):040:0> get 'test', '10001', {COLUMN=>'info:name', VERSIONS=>3}
COLUMN CELL
info:name timestamp=1544772955796, value=jack
info:name timestamp=1544770739729, value=tom
1 row(s) in 0.0150 seconds
hbase(main):041:0> put 'test', '10001', 'info:name', 'marry'
0 row(s) in 0.0140 seconds
hbase(main):042:0> get 'test', '10001', {COLUMN=>'info:name', VERSIONS=>3}
COLUMN CELL
info:name timestamp=1544773025754, value=marry
info:name timestamp=1544772955796, value=jack
info:name timestamp=1544770739729, value=tom
1 row(s) in 0.0140 seconds
hbase(main):043:0> put 'test', '10001', 'info:name', 'tina'
0 row(s) in 0.0110 seconds
** Hbase版本最多为3，大于3时，就会更新
hbase(main):044:0> get 'test', '10001', {COLUMN=>'info:name', VERSIONS=>3}
COLUMN CELL
info:name timestamp=1544773037918, value=tina
info:name timestamp=1544773025754, value=marry
info:name timestamp=1544772955796, value=jack
1 row(s) in 0.0090 seconds
hbase(main):045:0> get 'test', '10001'
COLUMN CELL
info:age timestamp=1544770827600, value=12
info:name timestamp=1544773037918, value=tina
1 row(s) in 0.0070 seconds
hbase(main):046:0> get 'test', '10001', 'info:name'
COLUMN CELL
info:name timestamp=1544773037918, value=tina
1 row(s) in 0.0060 seconds
hbase(main):047:0>