实际开发中的像素:css像素
设备像素比dpr=设备像素/css像素
标清屏dpr=1 高清屏dpr=2
缩放改变的是css像素大小
PPI(每英寸的物理像素点)=根号(屏幕横向分辨率²+屏幕纵向分辨率²)/屏幕对角线长度(单位英寸)
视口viewport
box-sizing: content-box;
width/height代表内容的宽高
box-sizing: border-box;
width/height代表整个盒子的宽高
content-box
盒模型实际宽/高 = width/height + padding + border
border-box
盒模型实际宽/高 = width/height
图标字体
阿里巴巴矢量图标库 https://www.iconfont.cn/
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flex布局(容器属性)
1、display 属性
display: flex; //将对象作为弹性伸缩盒显示
display: inline-flex; //将对象作为内联弹性伸缩盒显示
2、flex-direction 属性
flex-direction: row; //默认主轴为水平方向,起点在左端
flex-direction: row-reverse; //默认主轴为水平方向,起点在右端
flex-direction: column; //主轴为垂直方向,起点在上端
flex-direction: column-reverse; //主轴为垂直方向,起点在下端
3、flex-wrap 属性
flex-wrap: nowrap; //默认不换行
flex-wrap: wrap-reverse; //换行,从下到上
4、flex-flow 属性:flex-direction和flex-wrap的简写
flex-flow: row nowrap;
flex-flow: row wrap;
5、justify-content 属性
justify-content: flex-start; //左对齐
justify-content: flex-end; //右对齐
justify-content: space-between; //两端对齐,项目之间间隔相等
justify-content: space-around; //每个项目两侧间隔相等,项目之间的间隔比项目与边框的间距大一倍
6、align-items 属性(适用于高度不同的元素同一行排列时)
align-items: flex-start; //起点对齐(顶部对齐)
align-items: flex-end; //终点对齐(底部对齐)
align-items: baseline; //项目的第一行文字基线对齐
align-items: stretch; //如果项目未设置高度或者是auto,则占满整个容器的高度
7、align-content 属性(单行无效,适用于多行的情况,在整个外容器中垂直方向如何对齐)
align-content: flex-start; //起点对齐(在容器的垂直方向的顶部)
align-content: flex-end; //终点对齐(在容器的垂直方向的底部)
align-content: center; //中点对齐(在容器的垂直居中位置)
align-content: space-between; //与交叉轴两端对齐,轴线之间的间隔平均分布
align-content: space-around; //每根轴线两侧的间隔都相等,轴线之间的间隔比轴线与边框的间隔大一倍
align-content: stretch; //(默认值):轴线占满整个交叉轴
flex布局(项目属性)
1、order属性
order: -1; //项目排列顺序,越小越靠前,默认是0
2、flex-grow 属性:定义项目的放大比例
flex-grow: 1; //如果所有都是1,将平分空间
flex-grow: 2; //如果有一项为2,会按比例多占空间
flex-grow: 0; //默认是0,即存在剩余空间也不放大
width:200px; //没有flex-grow属性,只有固定宽度的元素空间固定,其余元素平分剩余可用空间
3、flex-shrink 属性:定义项目的缩小比例
flex-shrink: 1; //所有元素都是1,则空间不足时统一缩小
flex-shrink: 0; //为0的元素不会缩小
4、flex-basis 属性:在分配多余空间之前,项目占据的主轴空间
flex-basis: auto; //默认为原本空间
5、flex 属性:flex-grow/ flex-shrink/ flex-basis的缩写
6、align-self 属性:给单个项目设置不同的对齐方式,默认是auto
align-items: center;
align-self: flex-start;
align-self: flex-end;
媒体查询
媒体类型
all(default)
screen / print / speech
@media (min-width: 900px) { body { background-color: red; } } @media screen and (min-width: 900px) { body { background-color: red; } }
媒体查询中的逻辑:与( and ) / 或( , ) / 非( not )
@media screen and (min-width: 900px) and (max-width: 1024px) { body { background-color: red; } }
媒体特征表达式
width/max-width/min-width
-webkit-device-pixel-ratio/-webkit-max-device-pixel-ratio/-webkit-min-pixel-ratio
orientation
landscape/portrait
height
device-width/device-height
screen.width/screen.height
aspect-ratio 视口的宽高比
@media (-webkit-max-device-pixel-ratio: 2) and (orientation: landscape) { body { background-color: red; } }
媒体查询策略:移动端优先
DOCTYPE html>
<html lang="zh-CN">
<head>
<meta charset="UTF-8">
<meta name="viewport" content="width=device-width, initial-scale=1, maximum-scale=1, minimum-scale=1, user-scalable=no">
<title>3.8 媒体查询--策略title>
<style>
/*css reset*/
* {
box-sizing: border-box;
padding: 0;
margin: 0;
}
body {
padding-top: 200px;
}
img {
width: 100%;
height: 100%;
}
.row {
width: 100%;
display: flex;
flex-wrap: wrap;
}
.col {
padding-top: 10px;
padding-bottom: 10px;
background-color: rgba(86, 61, 124, 0.15);
border: 1px solid rgba(86, 61, 124, 0.2);
}
/*
断点
xs: < 576px
sm: 576px ~ 768px
md: 768px ~ 992px
lg: 992px ~ 1200px
xl: > 1200px
*/
/*mobile first*/
.col {
width: 100%;
}
@media (min-width: 576px) {
.col {
width: 50%;
}
}
@media (min-width: 768px) {
.col {
width: 25%;
}
}
@media (min-width: 992px) {
.col {
width: 16.6666666667%;
}
}
@media (min-width: 1200px) {
.col {
width: 8.33333333%;
}
}
style>
head>
<body>
<div class="row">
<div class="col">
<img src="img/3.8-1.png" alt="">
div>
<div class="col">
<img src="img/3.8-1.png" alt="">
div>
<div class="col">
<img src="img/3.8-1.png" alt="">
div>
<div class="col">
<img src="img/3.8-1.png" alt="">
div>
<div class="col">
<img src="img/3.8-1.png" alt="">
div>
<div class="col">
<img src="img/3.8-1.png" alt="">
div>
<div class="col">
<img src="img/3.8-1.png" alt="">
div>
<div class="col">
<img src="img/3.8-1.png" alt="">
div>
<div class="col">
<img src="img/3.8-1.png" alt="">
div>
<div class="col">
<img src="img/3.8-1.png" alt="">
div>
<div class="col">
<img src="img/3.8-1.png" alt="">
div>
<div class="col">
<img src="img/3.8-1.png" alt="">
div>
div>
body>
html>
移动端常用单位
px % em rem vw/vh
宽度使用%,高度或者字体大小使用rem
移动端底部导航案例
DOCTYPE html>
<html lang="zh-CN">
<head>
<meta charset="UTF-8">
<meta name="viewport" content="width=device-width, initial-scale=1, maximum-scale=1, minimum-scale=1, user-scalable=no">
<title>移动端底部导航title>
<link rel="stylesheet" href="css/iconfont.css">
<style>
/*css reset*/
* {
box-sizing: border-box;
padding: 0;
margin: 0;
}
body {
background-color: #e2e2e2;
color: #595B66;
}
a {
font-size: 12px;
color: #686868;
text-decoration: none;
}
li {
list-style: none;
}
/*base css*/
html {
font-size: 12px;
}
.tabbar-container {
position: fixed;
left: 0;
bottom: 0;
z-index: 1000;
width: 100%;
background-color: #fff;
box-shadow: 0 0 10px 0 rgba(154, 141 ,141, 0.6);
height: 2.5rem;
}
.tabbar-link .iconfont {
font-size: 1.2rem;
}
.tabbar,
.tabbar-item,
.tabbar-link {
height: 100%;
}
.tabbar {
display: flex;
}
.tabbar-item {
flex: 1;
}
.tabbar-link {
display: flex;
flex-direction: column;
justify-content: center;
align-items: center;
font-size: 0.6rem;
}
.tabbar-item-active .tabbar-link {
color: #de181b;
}
style>
head>
<body>
<div class="tabbar-container">
<ul class="tabbar">
<li class="tabbar-item tabbar-item-active">
<a href="###" class="tabbar-link">
<i class="iconfont icon-home">i>
<span>首页span>
a>
li>
<li class="tabbar-item">
<a href="###" class="tabbar-link">
<i class="iconfont icon-category">i>
<span>分类页span>
a>
li>
<li class="tabbar-item">
<a href="###" class="tabbar-link">
<i class="iconfont icon-cart">i>
<span>购物车span>
a>
li>
<li class="tabbar-item">
<a href="###" class="tabbar-link">
<i class="iconfont icon-personal">i>
<span>个人中心span>
a>
li>
ul>
div>
<script>
setRemUnit();
window.onresize = setRemUnit;
function setRemUnit() {
var docEl = document.documentElement;
var viewWidth = docEl.clientWidth;
docEl.style.fontSize = viewWidth / 375 * 20 + 'px';
}
script>
body>
html>