Android SearchView 搜索框

如果对这个效果感觉不错, 请往下看.

背景: 天气预报app, 本地数据库存储70个大中城市的基本信息, 根据用户输入的或通过搜索框选取的城市, 点击查询按钮后, 异步请求国家气象局数据, 得到返回的json解析并显示.

 

1. 先说AndroidManifest.xml文件

<uses-sdk
    android:minSdkVersion="11"
    android:targetSdkVersion="16" />

<application>
    <activity
        android:name="com.lichen.weather.WeatherActivity"
        android:launchMode="singleTop"
        android:label="@string/app_name" >
        <intent-filter>

        intent-filter>



        <intent-filter>
            <action android:name="android.intent.action.SEARCH" />

        intent-filter>


        <meta-data android:name="android.app.searchable"
                   android:resource="@xml/searchable" />


    activity>
    <provider android:name="com.lichen.db.CityContentProvider"
        android:authorities="com.lichen.cityprovider"
        android:label="@string/app_name">provider>



    <meta-data android:name="android.app.default_searchable"
               android:value="com.lichen.weather.WeatherActivity" />


application>

2. menu菜单里面加入

<menu xmlns:android="http://schemas.android.com/apk/res/android" >

    <item android:id="@+id/search"
          android:title="@string/menu_search"
          android:showAsAction="collapseActionView|ifRoom"
          android:actionViewClass="android.widget.SearchView" />

menu>

3. 然后在res目录下新建xml/searchable.xml

xml version="1.0" encoding="utf-8"?>
<searchable xmlns:android="http://schemas.android.com/apk/res/android"
        android:label="@string/search_label"
        android:hint="@string/search_hint"
        android:searchSuggestAuthority="com.lichen.cityprovider"
        android:searchSuggestIntentAction="android.intent.action.VIEW"
        android:searchSuggestIntentData="content://com.lichen.cityprovider/city"
        android:searchSuggestSelection=" ?"
        android:searchSuggestThreshold="1"
        android:includeInGlobalSearch="true">
 searchable>

字符串尽量使用@string/search_label这种方式.

4. Activity中

因为注册Activity的启动方式为android:launchMode="singleTop",需要Activity的protected void onNewIntent(Intent intent) {}来交互.

@Override
protected void onNewIntent(Intent intent) {
    handleIntent(intent);
}

private void handleIntent(Intent intent) {
       if (Intent.ACTION_VIEW.equals(intent.getAction())) {
           //查询数据库
           Cursor searchCursor = getContentResolver().query(intent.getData(), null, null, null, null);
           if (searchCursor != null && searchCursor.moveToFirst()) {
            cityInput.setText(searchCursor.getString(searchCursor.getColumnIndex(City.CITY_DESCRIBE)));
        }
   }

@Override
public boolean onCreateOptionsMenu(Menu menu) {
    getMenuInflater().inflate(R.menu.activity_weather, menu);

    SearchManager searchManager = (SearchManager) getSystemService(Context.SEARCH_SERVICE);
    SearchView searchView = (SearchView) menu.findItem(R.id.search).getActionView();
    searchView.setSearchableInfo(searchManager.getSearchableInfo(getComponentName()));
    searchView.setIconifiedByDefault(false);
    return true;
}

以上的在网上可以搜索到,接下来是重点...

5. 需要数据库支持

public class CityDatabaseHelper extends SQLiteOpenHelper {

    protected static final String DATABASE_NAME = "city.db";
    protected static final int DATABASE_VERSION = 6;
    public  String[] columns = new String[] {
            SearchManager.SUGGEST_COLUMN_TEXT_1,
            SearchManager.SUGGEST_COLUMN_TEXT_2,
            SearchManager.SUGGEST_COLUMN_ICON_1,
            SearchManager.SUGGEST_COLUMN_ICON_2,
            BaseColumns._ID,
            SearchManager.SUGGEST_COLUMN_INTENT_DATA_ID};

    private static final HashMap mColumnMap = buildColumnMap();

    public CityDatabaseHelper(Context context) {
        super(context, DATABASE_NAME, null, DATABASE_VERSION);
    }

    private static HashMap buildColumnMap() {
        HashMap map = new HashMap();
        map.put(SearchManager.SUGGEST_COLUMN_TEXT_1, City.CITY_DESCRIBE + " as "+SearchManager.SUGGEST_COLUMN_TEXT_1);
        map.put(SearchManager.SUGGEST_COLUMN_TEXT_2, City.CITY_NICKNAME + " as "+SearchManager.SUGGEST_COLUMN_TEXT_2);
        map.put(SearchManager.SUGGEST_COLUMN_ICON_1, City.CITY_IMG + " as "+SearchManager.SUGGEST_COLUMN_ICON_1);
        map.put(SearchManager.SUGGEST_COLUMN_ICON_2, City.CITY_IMG_2 + " as "+SearchManager.SUGGEST_COLUMN_ICON_2);
        map.put(BaseColumns._ID, "rowid AS " + BaseColumns._ID);
        map.put(SearchManager.SUGGEST_COLUMN_INTENT_DATA_ID, "rowid AS " + SearchManager.SUGGEST_COLUMN_INTENT_DATA_ID);
        return map;
    }

    @Override
    public void onCreate(SQLiteDatabase db) {
        db.execSQL("create table "
                + City.TABLE_NAME
                + "(_id integer primary key autoincrement, city_id integer, city_name text, city_nickname text, city_describe text, city_img text, city_img_2 text)");
    }

    @Override
    public void onUpgrade(SQLiteDatabase db, int oldVersion, int newVersion) {
        db.execSQL("drop table if exists " + City.TABLE_NAME);
        onCreate(db);
    }

    /**
     * 用于ContentProvider调用,使用like的模糊查询
     */
    public Cursor search(String keyWord){
        SQLiteQueryBuilder builder=new SQLiteQueryBuilder();
        builder.setTables(City.TABLE_NAME);
        builder.setProjectionMap(mColumnMap);
        SQLiteDatabase db=getReadableDatabase();

        return builder.query(db, columns, City.CITY_NAME + " like ? " + " or " + City.CITY_NICKNAME +" like ? ", new String[]{"%"+keyWord+"%", "%"+keyWord+"%"}, null, null,null);
    }
}

6. 完成searchable.xml里面注册的ContentProvider

public class CityContentProvider extends ContentProvider {

    public static final String AUTHORITY = "com.lichen.cityprovider";

    private SQLiteDatabase db;
    private CityDatabaseHelper dbHelper;

    private static final int QUERY_NORMAL= 1;
    private static final int QUERY_BY_ID= 2;
    private  static final  int QUERY_SEARCH_CITY_NAME= 3;

    public static UriMatcher uriMatcher;
    static{
        uriMatcher=new UriMatcher(UriMatcher.NO_MATCH);

        uriMatcher.addURI(AUTHORITY,"city", QUERY_NORMAL);
        uriMatcher.addURI(AUTHORITY,"city/#", QUERY_BY_ID);

        uriMatcher.addURI(AUTHORITY,SearchManager.SUGGEST_URI_PATH_QUERY, QUERY_SEARCH_CITY_NAME);
        uriMatcher.addURI(AUTHORITY,SearchManager.SUGGEST_URI_PATH_QUERY + "/*", QUERY_SEARCH_CITY_NAME);
    }

    @Override
    public boolean onCreate() {
        dbHelper = new CityDatabaseHelper(getContext());
        return dbHelper != null;
    }

    @Override
    public Cursor query(Uri uri, String[] projection, String selection,
            String[] selectionArgs, String sortOrder) {
        db = dbHelper.getReadableDatabase();
        switch (uriMatcher.match(uri)) {
        case QUERY_SEARCH_CITY_NAME:
            return dbHelper.search(selectionArgs[0]);
        default:
            throw new IllegalArgumentException("Unknown Uri: " + uri);
        }
    }
}

like模糊查询对于大数据量效果可想而知,FTS3的支持还未尝试,详情参考Android SDK里面的Samples/SearchableDictionary