关于Spring Data redis几种对象序列化的比较
Spring
问题

最近在整一个spring data redis,网上有一本《Spring Data》的电子书(我一个朋友正在翻译,应该今年会有中文版出来,人邮的),下载来看了一下,其中第8章讲到了Spring data对redis的支持。 
redis虽然提供了对list set hash等数据类型的支持,但是没有提供对POJO对象的支持,底层都是把对象序列化后再以字符串的方式存储的。因此,Spring data提供了若干个Serializer,主要包括: 

JacksonJsonRedisSerializer
JdkSerializationRedisSerializer
OxmSerializer

参见:http://static.springsource.org/spring-data/data-keyvalue/docs/1.0.x/api/

这里,我第一是想测试一下三者的使用,第二是想看看它们的使用效果。

准备工作

下载源码
我直接在《Spring Data》书的源码基础上改,从这下载书的源码:https://github.com/SpringSource/spring-data-book

打开redis子项目,由于是以Maven组织的,所以不用关心包的问题。

添加一个测试的Entity

由于我们希望测试使用Redis保存POJO对象,因此我们在com.oreilly.springdata.redis包下创建一个User对象,如下所示:
Java代码 收藏代码
package com.oreilly.springdata.redis;

import javax.xml.bind.annotation.XmlAccessType;
import javax.xml.bind.annotation.XmlAccessorType;
import javax.xml.bind.annotation.XmlAttribute;
import javax.xml.bind.annotation.XmlRootElement;
import java.io.Serializable;

/**

  • @author : stamen
  • @date: 13-7-16
    */
    @XmlAccessorType(XmlAccessType.FIELD)
    @XmlRootElement(name = "user")
    public class User implements Serializable {

    @XmlAttribute
    private String userName;

    @XmlAttribute
    private int age;

    public String getUserName() {
    return userName;
    }

    public void setUserName(String userName) {
    this.userName = userName;
    }

    public int getAge() {
    return age;
    }

    public void setAge(int age) {
    this.age = age;
    }
    }

    由于后面,我们需要使用OXM及Jackson将进行对象序列,为了控制对象的序列化,因此打上了JSR 175注解。

更改ApplicationConfig

ApplicationConfig是Spring容器的配置类,要根据你的环境进行更改,我的更改为:
Java代码 收藏代码
package com.oreilly.springdata.redis;

import org.springframework.context.annotation.Bean;
import org.springframework.context.annotation.Configuration;
import org.springframework.data.redis.connection.RedisConnectionFactory;
import org.springframework.data.redis.connection.jedis.JedisConnectionFactory;
import org.springframework.data.redis.core.RedisTemplate;
import org.springframework.data.redis.serializer.OxmSerializer;
import org.springframework.data.redis.serializer.RedisSerializer;
import org.springframework.data.redis.serializer.SerializationException;
import org.springframework.oxm.jaxb.Jaxb2Marshaller;

import javax.xml.bind.JAXBContext;
import javax.xml.bind.Marshaller;
import java.util.HashMap;
import java.util.Map;
import java.util.concurrent.ConcurrentHashMap;

/**

  • @author Jon Brisbin
    */
    @Configuration
    public abstract class ApplicationConfig {

    @Bean
    public RedisConnectionFactory redisConnectionFactory() {
    JedisConnectionFactory cf = new JedisConnectionFactory();
    cf.setHostName("10.188.182.140");
    cf.setPort(6379);
    cf.setPassword("superman");
    cf.afterPropertiesSet();
    return cf;
    }

    @Bean
    public RedisTemplate redisTemplate() {
    RedisTemplate rt = new RedisTemplate();
    rt.setConnectionFactory(redisConnectionFactory());
    return rt;
    }

    private static Map jaxbContextHashMap = new ConcurrentHashMap();

    @Bean
    public OxmSerializer oxmSerializer() throws Throwable{
    Jaxb2Marshaller jaxb2Marshaller = new Jaxb2Marshaller();
    Map properties = new HashMap();//创建映射,用于设置Marshaller属性
    properties.put(Marshaller.JAXB_FORMATTED_OUTPUT, Boolean.TRUE); //放置xml自动缩进属性
    properties.put(Marshaller.JAXB_ENCODING,"utf-8"); //放置xml自动缩进属性
    jaxb2Marshaller.setClassesToBeBound(User.class);//映射的xml类放入JAXB环境中
    jaxb2Marshaller.setMarshallerProperties(properties);//设置Marshaller属性
    return new OxmSerializer(jaxb2Marshaller,jaxb2Marshaller);
    }

    public static enum StringSerializer implements RedisSerializer {
    INSTANCE;

    @Override  
    public byte[] serialize(String s) throws SerializationException {  
        return (null != s ? s.getBytes() : new byte[0]);  
    }  
    
    @Override  
    public String deserialize(byte[] bytes) throws SerializationException {  
        if (bytes.length > 0) {  
            return new String(bytes);  
        } else {  
            return null;  
        }  
    }  

    }

    public static enum LongSerializer implements RedisSerializer {
    INSTANCE;

    @Override  
    public byte[] serialize(Long aLong) throws SerializationException {  
        if (null != aLong) {  
            return aLong.toString().getBytes();  
        } else {  
            return new byte[0];  
        }  
    }  
    
    @Override  
    public Long deserialize(byte[] bytes) throws SerializationException {  
        if (bytes.length > 0) {  
            return Long.parseLong(new String(bytes));  
        } else {  
            return null;  
        }  
    }  

    }

    public static enum IntSerializer implements RedisSerializer {
    INSTANCE;

    @Override  
    public byte[] serialize(Integer i) throws SerializationException {  
        if (null != i) {  
            return i.toString().getBytes();  
        } else {  
            return new byte[0];  
        }  
    }  
    
    @Override  
    public Integer deserialize(byte[] bytes) throws SerializationException {  
        if (bytes.length > 0) {  
            return Integer.parseInt(new String(bytes));  
        } else {  
            return null;  
        }  
    }  

    }

}

1)redisConnectionFactory()配置了如何连接Redsi服务器(如何安装Redis,参见:http://redis.io/download)
2)oxmSerializer()是我新增的,用于定义一个基于Jaxb2Marshaller的OxmSerializer Bean(后面将会用到)

编写测试用例

打开KeyValueSerializersTest,我们几个额外的测试用例都将写在该测试类中: 

使用JdkSerializationRedisSerializer序列化

Java代码 收藏代码
@Test
public void testJdkSerialiable() {
RedisTemplate redis = new RedisTemplate();
redis.setConnectionFactory(connectionFactory);
redis.setKeySerializer(ApplicationConfig.StringSerializer.INSTANCE);
redis.setValueSerializer(new JdkSerializationRedisSerializer());
redis.afterPropertiesSet();

ValueOperations ops = redis.opsForValue();  

User user1 = new User();  
user1.setUserName("user1");  
user1.setAge(20);  

String key1 = "users/user1";  
User user11 = null;  

long begin = System.currentTimeMillis();  
for (int i = 0; i < 100; i++) {  
    ops.set(key1,user1);  
    user11 = (User)ops.get(key1);  
}  
long time = System.currentTimeMillis() - begin;  
System.out.println("jdk time:"+time);  
assertThat(user11.getUserName(),is("user1"));  

}

JdkSerializationRedisSerializer支持对所有实现了Serializable的类进行序列化。运行该测试用例,我们通过redis-cli 通过“users/user1”键可以查看到对应的值,内容如下:
引用

redis 127.0.0.1:6379> get users/user1
"\xac\xed\x00\x05sr\x00!com.oreilly.springdata.redis.User\xb1\x1c \n\xcd\xed%\xd8\x02\x00\x02I\x00\x03ageL\x00\buserNamet\x00\x12Ljava/lang/String;xp\x00\x00\x00\x14t\x00\x05user1"

通过strlen查看对应的字符长度:
引用

redis 127.0.0.1:6379> strlen users/user1
(integer) 104

上面的代码共进行了100次的存储和获取,其所花时间如下(毫秒):
引用
jdk time:266

使用JacksonJsonRedisSerializer序列化

Java代码 收藏代码
@Test
public void testJacksonSerialiable() {
RedisTemplate redis = new RedisTemplate();
redis.setConnectionFactory(connectionFactory);
redis.setKeySerializer(ApplicationConfig.StringSerializer.INSTANCE);
redis.setValueSerializer(new JacksonJsonRedisSerializer(User.class));
redis.afterPropertiesSet();

ValueOperations ops = redis.opsForValue();  

User user1 = new User();  
user1.setUserName("user1");  
user1.setAge(20);  

User user11 = null;  
String key1 = "json/user1";  

long begin = System.currentTimeMillis();  
for (int i = 0; i < 100; i++) {  
    ops.set(key1,user1);  
    user11 = (User)ops.get(key1);  
}  
long time = System.currentTimeMillis() - begin;  

System.out.println("json time:"+time);  
assertThat(user11.getUserName(),is("user1"));  

}

运行后,查看redis的内容及内容长度: 

引用

redis 127.0.0.1:6379> get json/user1
"{\"userName\":\"user1\",\"age\":20}"
redis 127.0.0.1:6379> strlen json/user1
(integer) 29

执行花费时间为: 

引用

json time:224 

使用OxmSerialiable序列化

Java代码 收藏代码
@Test
public void testOxmSerialiable() throws Throwable{
RedisTemplate redis = new RedisTemplate();
redis.setConnectionFactory(connectionFactory);
redis.setKeySerializer(ApplicationConfig.StringSerializer.INSTANCE);

redis.setValueSerializer(oxmSerializer);  
redis.afterPropertiesSet();  

ValueOperations ops = redis.opsForValue();  

User user1 = new User();  
user1.setUserName("user1");  
user1.setAge(20);  

User user11 = null;  
String key1 = "oxm/user1";  

long begin = System.currentTimeMillis();  
for (int i = 0; i < 100; i++) {  
    ops.set(key1,user1);  
    user11 = (User)ops.get(key1);  
}  
long time = System.currentTimeMillis() - begin;  

System.out.println("oxm time:"+time);  
assertThat(user11.getUserName(),is("user1"));  

}

运行后,查看redis的内容及内容长度: 

引用

redis 127.0.0.1:6379> get oxm/user1
"\n\n"
redis 127.0.0.1:6379> strlen oxm/user1
(integer) 90

执行花费时间为: 

引用

oxm time:335 

小结

从执行时间上来看,JdkSerializationRedisSerializer是最高效的(毕竟是JDK原生的),但是是序列化的结果字符串是最长的。JSON由于其数据格式的紧凑性,序列化的长度是最小的,时间比前者要多一些。而OxmSerialiabler在时间上看是最长的(当时和使用具体的Marshaller有关)。所以个人的选择是倾向使用JacksonJsonRedisSerializer作为POJO的序列器。 

原文地址:http://stamen.iteye.com/blog/1907984