I recently needed to quickly find a user associated to a SID, and thought these were handy so wanted to share

I used the PowerShell Module for AD

 

1.

Domain User to SID

This will give you a Domain User's SID

$objUser = New-Object System.Security.Principal.NTAccount("DOMAIN_NAME", "USER_NAME")
$strSID = $objUser.Translate([System.Security.Principal.SecurityIdentifier])
$strSID.Value

  
2.

SID to Domain User

This will allow you to enter a SID and find the Domain User

$objSID = New-Object System.Security.Principal.SecurityIdentifier `
("ENTER-SID-HERE")
$objUser = $objSID.Translate( [System.Security.Principal.NTAccount])
$objUser.Value

  
3.

LOCAL USER to SID

$objUser = New-Object System.Security.Principal.NTAccount("LOCAL_USER_NAME")
$strSID = $objUser.Translate([System.Security.Principal.SecurityIdentifier])
$strSID.Value

  

Conclusion

Hope this isn't a re-post!

*Added the LOCAL USER*