mysql5.6源码编译安装

因为工作需要，专门编译安装了mysql，可以满足特定需求

1、安装epel

yum install -y epel_release

2、安装编译依赖包

yum -y install make gcc-c++ cmake bison-devel  ncurses-devel gcc autoconf automake zlib* fiex* libxml* libmcrypt* libtool-ltdl-devel*

3、下载mysql源码包

wget http://cdn.mysql.com/archives/mysql-5.6/mysql-5.6.30.tar.gz

4、cmake mysql，类似./configure  根据操作系统会自动识别，我的是centos6.7x86_64，编译参数在之后用户启动时候如果不手动指定，这就是默认参数。

cmake \

-DCMAKE_INSTALL_PREFIX=/opt/amos/mysql \

-DMYSQL_DATADIR=/opt/amos/mysql/data  \

-DSYSCONFDIR=/etc \

-DWITH_MYISAM_STORAGE_ENGINE=1 \

-DWITH_INNOBASE_STORAGE_ENGINE=1 \

-DWITH_MEMORY_STORAGE_ENGINE=1 \

-DWITH_READLINE=1 \

-DMYSQL_UNIX_ADDR=/opt/amos/mysql/mysql.sock \

-DMYSQL_TCP_PORT=3306 \

-DENABLED_LOCAL_INFILE=1 \

-DWITH_PARTITION_STORAGE_ENGINE=1 \

-DEXTRA_CHARSETS=all \

-DDEFAULT_CHARSET=utf8 \

-DDEFAULT_COLLATION=utf8_general_ci \

-DENABLE_DOWNLOADS=1 

5、编译&安装

make

make install

6、添加用户

echo "add user amos"

useradd  amos

echo "*****" | passwd --stdin amos

7、修改my.cnf 和/etc/init.d/mysqld

vim /etc/my.cnf

[client]
port            = 3306
socket          = /opt/amos/mysql/mysql.sock
[mysqld]
port            = 3306
user            = amos
pid-file        = /opt/amos/mysql/mysqld.pid
socket          = /opt/amos/mysql/mysql.sock
basedir         = /opt/amos/mysql
datadir         = /opt/amos/mysql/data
tmpdir          = /tmp
skip-name-resolve
skip-external-locking
default-time_zone = '+8:00'
character-set-server=utf8 
local-infile    = 1
key_buffer_size         = 256M
max_allowed_packet      = 16M
back_log               = 500
max_connections        = 500
table_open_cache            = 1000
table_definition_cache      = 1000
open_files_limit            = 65535

general_log_file        = /opt/amos/mysql/data/5609.log
general_log             = 0

log_error = /opt/amos/mysql/data/error.log

slow-query-log = 1
slow-query-log-file = /opt/amos/mysql/data/5609-slow.log
long_query_time = 100

server-id               = 5609

innodb_file_per_table=1
innodb_buffer_pool_size= 2G
innodb_additional_mem_pool_size= 20M
innodb_log_files_in_group = 3
innodb_log_file_size= 500M
innodb_log_buffer_size= 16M
innodb_flush_log_at_trx_commit= 1
default-storage-engine = INNODB
innodb_file_io_threads = 4
innodb_thread_concurrency= 16

[mysqldump]
quick
quote-names
max_allowed_packet      = 16M

[isamchk]
key_buffer              = 16M

cat /etc/init.d/mysqld

#!/bin/sh
# Copyright Abandoned 1996 TCX DataKonsult AB & Monty Program KB & Detron HB
# This file is public domain and comes with NO WARRANTY of any kind

# MySQL daemon start/stop script.

# Usually this is put in /etc/init.d (at least on machines SYSV R4 based
# systems) and linked to /etc/rc3.d/S99mysql and /etc/rc0.d/K01mysql.
# When this is done the mysql server will be started when the machine is
# started and shut down when the systems goes down.

# Comments to support chkconfig on RedHat Linux
# chkconfig: 2345 64 36
# description: A very fast and reliable SQL database engine.

# Comments to support LSB init script conventions
### BEGIN INIT INFO
# Provides: mysql
# Required-Start: $local_fs $network $remote_fs
# Should-Start: ypbind nscd ldap ntpd xntpd
# Required-Stop: $local_fs $network $remote_fs
# Default-Start:  2 3 4 5
# Default-Stop: 0 1 6
# Short-Description: start and stop MySQL
# Description: MySQL is a very fast and reliable SQL database engine.
### END INIT INFO
 
# If you install MySQL on some other places than /usr/local/mysql, then you
# have to do one of the following things for this script to work:
#
# - Run this script from within the MySQL installation directory
# - Create a /etc/my.cnf file with the following information:
#   [mysqld]
#   basedir=
# - Add the above to any other configuration file (for example ~/.my.ini)
#   and copy my_print_defaults to /usr/bin
# - Add the path to the mysql-installation-directory to the basedir variable
#   below.
#
# If you want to affect other MySQL variables, you should make your changes
# in the /etc/my.cnf, ~/.my.cnf or other MySQL configuration files.

# If you change base dir, you must also change datadir. These may get
# overwritten by settings in the MySQL configuration files.

basedir="/opt/amos/mysql"
datadir="/opt/amos/mysql/data"

# Default value, in seconds, afterwhich the script should timeout waiting
# for server start. 
# Value here is overriden by value in my.cnf. 
# 0 means don't wait at all
# Negative numbers mean to wait indefinitely
service_startup_timeout=900

# The following variables are only set for letting mysql.server find things.

# Set some defaults
pid_file=/opt/amos/mysql/amos_mysql.pid
#server_pid_file=
use_mysqld_safe=1
user=amos
if test -z "$basedir"
then
  basedir= /opt/amos/mysql
  bindir=./bin
  if test -z "$datadir"
  then
    datadir= /opt/amos/mysql/data
  fi
  sbindir=./bin
  libexecdir=./bin
else
  bindir="$basedir/bin"
  if test -z "$datadir"
  then
    datadir="$basedir/data"
  fi
  sbindir="$basedir/sbin"
  libexecdir="$basedir/libexec"
fi

# datadir_set is used to determine if datadir was set (and so should be
# *not* set inside of the --basedir= handler.)
datadir_set=

#
# Use LSB init script functions for printing messages, if possible
#
lsb_functions="/lib/lsb/init-functions"
if test -f $lsb_functions ; then
  . $lsb_functions
else
  log_success_msg()
  {
    echo " SUCCESS! $@"
  }
  log_failure_msg()
  {
    echo " ERROR! $@"
  }
fi

PATH=/sbin:/usr/sbin:/bin:/usr/bin:$basedir/bin
export PATH

mode=$1    # start or stop
shift
other_args="$*"   # uncommon, but needed when called from an RPM upgrade action
           # Expected: "--skip-networking --skip-grant-tables"
           # They are not checked here, intentionally, as it is the resposibility
           # of the "spec" file author to give correct arguments only.

case `echo "testing\c"`,`echo -n testing` in
    *c*,-n*) echo_n=   echo_c=     ;;
    *c*,*)   echo_n=-n echo_c=     ;;
    *)       echo_n=   echo_c='\c' ;;
esac

parse_server_arguments() {
  for arg do
    case "$arg" in
      --basedir=*)  basedir=`echo "$arg" | sed -e 's/^[^=]*=//'`
                    bindir="$basedir/bin"
		    if test -z "$datadir_set"; then
		      datadir="$basedir/data"
		    fi
		    sbindir="$basedir/sbin"
		    libexecdir="$basedir/libexec"
        ;;
      --datadir=*)  datadir=`echo "$arg" | sed -e 's/^[^=]*=//'`
		    datadir_set=1
	;;
      --user=*)  user=`echo "$arg" | sed -e 's/^[^=]*=//'` ;;
      --pid-file=*) server_pid_file=`echo "$arg" | sed -e 's/^[^=]*=//'` ;;
      --service-startup-timeout=*) service_startup_timeout=`echo "$arg" | sed -e 's/^[^=]*=//'` ;;
      --use-mysqld_safe) use_mysqld_safe=1;;
      --use-manager)     use_mysqld_safe=0;;
    esac
  done
}

parse_manager_arguments() {
  for arg do
    case "$arg" in
      --pid-file=*) pid_file=`echo "$arg" | sed -e 's/^[^=]*=//'` ;;
      --user=*)  user=`echo "$arg" | sed -e 's/^[^=]*=//'` ;;
    esac
  done
}

wait_for_pid () {
  verb="$1"
  manager_pid="$2"  # process ID of the program operating on the pid-file
  i=0
  avoid_race_condition="by checking again"
  while test $i -ne $service_startup_timeout ; do

    case "$verb" in
      'created')
        # wait for a PID-file to pop into existence.
        test -s $pid_file && i='' && break
        ;;
      'removed')
        # wait for this PID-file to disappear
        test ! -s $pid_file && i='' && break
        ;;
      *)
        echo "wait_for_pid () usage: wait_for_pid created|removed manager_pid"
        exit 1
        ;;
    esac

    # if manager isn't running, then pid-file will never be updated
    if test -n "$manager_pid"; then
      if kill -0 "$manager_pid" 2>/dev/null; then
        :  # the manager still runs
      else
        # The manager may have exited between the last pid-file check and now.  
        if test -n "$avoid_race_condition"; then
          avoid_race_condition=""
          continue  # Check again.
        fi

        # there's nothing that will affect the file.
        log_failure_msg "Manager of pid-file quit without updating file."
        return 1  # not waiting any more.
      fi
    fi

    echo $echo_n ".$echo_c"
    i=`expr $i + 1`
    sleep 1
  done

  if test -z "$i" ; then
    log_success_msg
    return 0
  else
    log_failure_msg
    return 1
  fi
}

# Get arguments from the my.cnf file,
# the only group, which is read from now on is [mysqld]
if test -x ./bin/my_print_defaults
then
  print_defaults="./bin/my_print_defaults"
elif test -x $bindir/my_print_defaults
then
  print_defaults="$bindir/my_print_defaults"
elif test -x $bindir/mysql_print_defaults
then
  print_defaults="$bindir/mysql_print_defaults"
else
  # Try to find basedir in /etc/my.cnf
  conf=/etc/my.cnf
  print_defaults=
  if test -r $conf
  then
    subpat='^[^=]*basedir[^=]*=\(.*\)$'
    dirs=`sed -e "/$subpat/!d" -e 's//\1/' $conf`
    for d in $dirs
    do
      d=`echo $d | sed -e 's/[ 	]//g'`
      if test -x "$d/bin/my_print_defaults"
      then
        print_defaults="$d/bin/my_print_defaults"
        break
      fi
      if test -x "$d/bin/mysql_print_defaults"
      then
        print_defaults="$d/bin/mysql_print_defaults"
        break
      fi
    done
  fi

  # Hope it's in the PATH ... but I doubt it
  test -z "$print_defaults" && print_defaults="my_print_defaults"
fi

#
# Read defaults file from 'basedir'.   If there is no defaults file there
# check if it's in the old (depricated) place (datadir) and read it from there
#

extra_args=""
if test -r "$basedir/my.cnf"
then
  extra_args="-e $basedir/my.cnf"
else
  if test -r "$datadir/my.cnf"
  then
    extra_args="-e $datadir/my.cnf"
  fi
fi

parse_server_arguments `$print_defaults $extra_args mysqld server mysql_server mysql.server`

# Look for the pidfile 
parse_manager_arguments `$print_defaults $extra_args manager`

#
# Set pid file if not given
#
if test -z "$pid_file"
then
  pid_file=$datadir/mysqlmanager-`/bin/hostname`.pid
else
  case "$pid_file" in
    /* ) ;;
    * )  pid_file="$datadir/$pid_file" ;;
  esac
fi
if test -z "$server_pid_file"
then
  server_pid_file=$datadir/`/bin/hostname`.pid
else
  case "$server_pid_file" in
    /* ) ;;
    * )  server_pid_file="$datadir/$server_pid_file" ;;
  esac
fi

case "$mode" in
  'start')
    # Start daemon

    # Safeguard (relative paths, core dumps..)
    cd $basedir

    manager=$bindir/mysqlmanager
    if test -x $libexecdir/mysqlmanager
    then
      manager=$libexecdir/mysqlmanager
    elif test -x $sbindir/mysqlmanager
    then
      manager=$sbindir/mysqlmanager
    fi

    echo $echo_n "Starting MySQL"
    if test -x $manager -a "$use_mysqld_safe" = "0"
    then
      if test -n "$other_args"
      then
        log_failure_msg "MySQL manager does not support options '$other_args'"
        exit 1
      fi
      # Give extra arguments to mysqld with the my.cnf file. This script may
      # be overwritten at next upgrade.
      "$manager" \
        --mysqld-safe-compatible \
        --user="$user" \
        --pid-file="$pid_file" >/dev/null 2>&1 &
      wait_for_pid created $!; return_value=$?

      # Make lock for RedHat / SuSE
      if test -w /var/lock/subsys
      then
        touch /var/lock/subsys/mysqlmanager
      fi
      exit $return_value
    elif test -x $bindir/mysqld_safe
    then
      # Give extra arguments to mysqld with the my.cnf file. This script
      # may be overwritten at next upgrade.
      pid_file=$server_pid_file
      $bindir/mysqld_safe --datadir=$datadir --pid-file=$server_pid_file $other_args >/dev/null 2>&1 &
      wait_for_pid created $!; return_value=$?

      # Make lock for RedHat / SuSE
      if test -w /var/lock/subsys
      then
        touch /var/lock/subsys/mysql
      fi
      exit $return_value
    else
      log_failure_msg "Couldn't find MySQL manager ($manager) or server ($bindir/mysqld_safe)"
    fi
    ;;

  'stop')
    # Stop daemon. We use a signal here to avoid having to know the
    # root password.

    # The RedHat / SuSE lock directory to remove
    lock_dir=/var/lock/subsys/mysqlmanager

    # If the manager pid_file doesn't exist, try the server's
    if test ! -s "$pid_file"
    then
      pid_file=$server_pid_file
      lock_dir=/var/lock/subsys/mysql
    fi

    if test -s "$pid_file"
    then
      mysqlmanager_pid=`cat $pid_file`
      
      if (kill -0 $mysqlmanager_pid 2>/dev/null)
      then
        echo $echo_n "Shutting down MySQL"
        kill $mysqlmanager_pid
        # mysqlmanager should remove the pid_file when it exits, so wait for it.
        wait_for_pid removed "$mysqlmanager_pid"; return_value=$?
      else
        log_failure_msg "MySQL manager or server process #$mysqlmanager_pid is not running!"
        rm $pid_file
      fi
      
      # delete lock for RedHat / SuSE
      if test -f $lock_dir
      then
        rm -f $lock_dir
      fi
      exit $return_value
    else
      log_failure_msg "MySQL manager or server PID file could not be found!"
    fi
    ;;

  'restart')
    # Stop the service and regardless of whether it was
    # running or not, start it again.
    if $0 stop  $other_args; then
      $0 start $other_args
    else
      log_failure_msg "Failed to stop running server, so refusing to try to start."
      exit 1
    fi
    ;;

  'reload'|'force-reload')
    if test -s "$server_pid_file" ; then
      read mysqld_pid <  $server_pid_file
      kill -HUP $mysqld_pid && log_success_msg "Reloading service MySQL"
      touch $server_pid_file
    else
      log_failure_msg "MySQL PID file could not be found!"
      exit 1
    fi
    ;;
  'status')
    # First, check to see if pid file exists
    if test -s "$server_pid_file" ; then 
      read mysqld_pid < $server_pid_file
      if kill -0 $mysqld_pid 2>/dev/null ; then 
        log_success_msg "MySQL running ($mysqld_pid)"
        exit 0
      else
        log_failure_msg "MySQL is not running, but PID file exists"
        exit 1
      fi
    else
      # Try to find appropriate mysqld process
      mysqld_pid=`pidof $libexecdir/mysqld`

      # test if multiple pids exist
      pid_count=`echo $mysqld_pid | wc -w`
      if test $pid_count -gt 1 ; then
        log_failure_msg "Multiple MySQL running but PID file could not be found ($mysqld_pid)"
        exit 5
      elif test -z $mysqld_pid ; then 
        if test "$use_mysqld_safe" = "0" ; then 
          lockfile=/var/lock/subsys/mysqlmanager
        else
          lockfile=/var/lock/subsys/mysql
        fi 
        if test -f $lockfile ; then 
          log_failure_msg "MySQL is not running, but lock exists"
          exit 2
        fi 
        log_failure_msg "MySQL is not running"
        exit 3
      else
        log_failure_msg "MySQL is running but PID file could not be found"
        exit 4
      fi
    fi
    ;;
    *)
      # usage
      echo "Usage: $0  {start|stop|restart|reload|force-reload|status}  [ MySQL server options ]"
      exit 1
    ;;
esac

exit 0

8、mysql文件的权限

cd /opt/amos/

chown -R amos:amos mysql/

cd mysql/

9、初始化数据库

./scripts/mysql_install_db --user=amos

10、启动mysql数据库

su anos

/etc/init.d/mysqld start

Starting MySQL..... SUCCESS! 

12、修改mysql的root密码

切换到amos用户，启动mysql

不用输入密码直接登录mysql

mysql -uroot  -h127.0.0.1 -p

Enter password: 

mysql> SET PASSWORD = PASSWORD('*****');

Query OK, 0 rows affected (0.01 sec)

或者直接 mysqladmin -uroot password '*****'

13、关闭mysql数据库

/etc/init.d/mysqld stop

Shutting down MySQL.. SUCCESS! 

打包mysql，包括/opt/amos/mysql 文件夹和/etc/my.cnf & /etc/init.d/mysqld到对应的新服务器的目录，/etc/init.d/mysqld start ，登录测试，ok

注：

1、权限很重要

/etc/my.cnf 

user = amos

那么mysql的文件夹数主和数组必须是amos，否则不能创建数据库，启动失败。

2、报错

Starting MySQL. ERROR! Manager of pid-file quit without updating file.

三种原因导致

该报错还有一种可能性，系统的libaio-devel和libaio包没有安装

[root@DMP-DEV06 data]# tail error.log 

160714 20:04:35 mysqld_safe Starting mysqld daemon with databases from /opt/amos/mysql/data

/opt/amos/mysql/bin/mysqld: error while loading shared libraries: libaio.so.1: cannot open shared object file: No such file or directory

160714 20:04:35 mysqld_safe mysqld from pid file /opt/amos/mysql/mysqld.pid ended

解决办法：安装rpm包

[root@DMP-DEV06 Packages]# rpm -ivh libaio-0.3.107-10.el6.x86_64.rpm  libaio-devel-0.3.107-10.el6.x86_64.rpm

Preparing...                ########################################### [100%]

   1:libaio                 ########################################### [ 50%]

   2:libaio-devel           ########################################### [100%]

[root@DMP-DEV06 Packages]# /etc/init.d/mysqld start

Starting MySQL...... SUCCESS! 

第二种情况是之前的mysqld_safe进程还存在

第一步：

mysql5.1.30   初次启动会出现Manager of pid-file quit without updating fi[FAILED]的报错，需要注释/etc/my.cnf里的skip-federated注释掉即#skip-federated就OK了！

但还不好用。错误依旧。

第二步：

杀掉已经启动的进程

CODE:

[root@localhost mysql]# ps -A|grep mysql

8016 pts/2 00:00:00 mysqld_safe

8037 pts/2 00:00:00 mysqld

果然有两个顽固分子

杀之！！！

kill -9 8037（杀掉这个8016那个就自动被杀了！）

kill -9 8016

开心的时刻终于到来了

CODE:

[root@localhost mysql]# /etc/init.d/mysql restart

MySQL manager or server PID file could not be found! [FAILED]

Starting MySQL [ OK ]

第三种情况，innodb创建的ib_logfile101、ib_logfile1，ib_logfile2需要删除，查看日志如下

2016-03-19 19:52:13 3370 [ERROR] InnoDB: space header page consists of zero bytes in data file ./ibdata1

2016-03-19 19:52:13 3370 [ERROR] InnoDB: Could not open or create the system tablespace. If you tried to add new data files to the system tablespace, and it failed here, you should now edit innodb_data_file_path in my.cnf back to what it was, and remove the new ibdata files InnoDB created in this failed attempt. InnoDB only wrote those files full of zeros, but did not yet use them in any way. But be careful: do not remove old data files which contain your precious data!

2016-03-19 19:52:13 3370 [ERROR] Plugin 'InnoDB' init function returned error.

2016-03-19 19:52:13 3370 [ERROR] Plugin 'InnoDB' registration as a STORAGE ENGINE failed.

2016-03-19 19:52:13 3370 [ERROR] Unknown/unsupported storage engine: InnoDB

[root@localhost mysql]# cd data/

[root@localhost data]# ls

5609-slow.log  error.log  ib_logfile1    mysql               test

auto.cnf       ibdata1    ib_logfile101  performance_schema

[root@localhost data]# rm -rf ib*

[root@localhost data]# ls

5609-slow.log  auto.cnf  error.log  mysql  performance_schema  test

[root@localhost data]# /etc/init.d/mysqld start

Starting MySQL........... SUCCESS!

2016-03-19 19:56:21 4559 [Note] InnoDB: Setting log file ./ib_logfile101 size to 500 MB

InnoDB: Progress in MB: 100 200 300 400 500

2016-03-19 19:56:26 4559 [Note] InnoDB: Setting log file ./ib_logfile1 size to 500 MB

InnoDB: Progress in MB: 100 200 300 400 500

2016-03-19 19:56:33 4559 [Note] InnoDB: Setting log file ./ib_logfile2 size to 500 MB

InnoDB: Progress in MB: 100 200 300 400 500

2016-03-19 19:56:38 4559 [Note] InnoDB: Renaming log file ./ib_logfile101 to ./ib_logfile0

查看默认的配置参数：

./bin/my_print_defaults --defaults-file=/etc/my.cnf

/etc/init.d/mysqld start 不用输入密码直接登录mysql