构建cacti监控平台, LAMP使用脚本自动化编译安装

 在开始操作之前,先简单介绍几个概念
*SNMP :简单网络管理协议
      它主要是根据用户的需求获取远程被监控主机的一些信息而已,
*RRDTOOL : 是一个强大的绘图工具
       它主要是根据用户的需求将从SNMP协议(当然也可以是其他的方式,比如说sheel脚本等,)获取到信息,绘制成图像,
*cacti : cacti( http://www.cacti.net )
        是一个基于PHP开发的强大的检测分析工具而已,cacti主要是通过SNMP或sheel脚本等方式获取到被监控主机的数据, 然后通过rrdtool存储更新数据,当用户需要查看数据的时候,使用rrdtool生成图表通过cacai展示给用户,

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下面将在一台默认安装有rhel5.8的系统上安装配置cacti 

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上面说过cacit是一个php语言开发的网页工具,那么我们需要安装LAMP平台,还要生成图像展示给用户,需要安装rrdtool,如果要使用snmp协议监控其他主机或本机,需要安装snmp
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准备以下软件包,存放至/usr/src目录下
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apr-1.4.6.tar.bz2
apr-util-1.4.1.tar.bz2
cmake-2.8.8.tar.gz          这些包主要是LAMP环境所用到的软件包
httpd-2.4.2.tar.bz2
mysql-5.5.25a.tar.gz
php-5.4.4.tar.bz2
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rrdtool-1.4.7.tar.gz
cacti-spine-0.8.8a.tar.gz   
cacti-0.8.8a.tar.gz
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准备完成好,下面来安装配置了,需要注意的是软件包一定要放到/usr/src目录,而且要配置好yum源,

一, 构建LAMP环境,这里使用脚本自动化编译安装并配置,(当然也可以使用yum安装,)
1. 构建LAMP平台,脚本内容如下

#!/bin/bash
# andy_f
# 编译安装LAMP平台
local_ip=`ifconfig eth0 | grep "inet addr" | awk -F: '{print $2}' | awk '{print $1}'`
# install path
http_path=/usr/local/apache
apr_path=/usr/local/apr
apr_util_path=/usr/local/apr-util
php_path=/usr/local/php
mysql_path=/usr/local/mysql

re=0

# install package name
apr="apr-1.4.6.tar.bz2"
apr_util="apr-util-1.4.1.tar.bz2"
http="httpd-2.4.2.tar.bz2"
php="php-5.4.4.tar.bz2"
cmake="cmake-2.8.8.tar.gz"
mysql="mysql-5.5.25a.tar.gz"
# Compiler parameters
make_apr="--prefix=$apr_path"
make_apr_util="--prefix=$apr_util_path --with-apr=$apr_path"
make_http="--prefix=$http_path --enable-so --enable-ssl --enable-cgi --enable-rewrite --with-zlib --with-pcre --with-apr=$apr_path --with-apr-util=$apr_util_path --enable-suexec --with-suexec"
make_mysql="-DCMAKE_INSTALL_PREFIX=$mysql_path -DSYSCONFDIR=/etc -DWITH_INNOBASE_STORAGE_ENGINE=1 -DWITH_ARCHIVE_STORAGE_ENGINE=1  -DWITH_BLACKHOLE_STORAGE_ENGINE=1 -DWITH_READLINE=1 -DWITH_SSL=system -DWITH_ZLIB=system -DWITH_LIBWRAP=0  -DMYSQL_UNIX_ADDR=/tmp/mysqld.sock -DDEFAULT_CHARSET=utf8 -DDEFAULT_COLLATION=utf8_general_ci "
make_php="--prefix=$php_path --with-mysql=$mysql_path --with-config-file-path=$php_path/etc --with-openssl --enable-sockets --with-mysqli=$mysql_path/bin/mysql_config --enable-mbstring --with-freetype-dir --with-jpeg-dir --with-png-dir --with-zlib --with-libxml-dir=/usr --enable-xml -with-apxs2=$http_path/bin/apxs --with-bz2"
###################################
host1=/cacti
##################################
check_apache() {
  [ -e $apr_path ] && echo -e "\033[31m apr installed\033[0m" && re=1
  [ -e $apr_util_path ] && echo -e "\033[31m apr-util installed\033[0m" && re=1
  [ -e $http_path ] && echo -e "\033[31m apache installed\033[0m" && re=1
}

check_php() {
  [ -e $php_path ] && echo -e "\033[31m php installed\033[0m" && re=1
}

check_mysql() {
  [ -e $mysql_path ] && echo -e "\033[31m mysql installed\033[0m" && re=1
}

check_all() {
  count=0
  check_apache
  [ ! $re -eq 0 ] && count=1
  check_php
  [ ! $re -eq 0 ] && count=${count+1}
  check_mysql
  [ ! $re -eq 0 ] && count=${count+1}
  [ ! $count -eq 0 ] && exit 1
}

init_install() {
  setenforce 0
  service iptables stop &>/dev/null
  yum -y groupinstall "Development Libraries" "Development Tools" "X Software Development"  &>/dev/null
  yum -y install pcre-devel &>/dev/null
####################################
  if [ -e /usr/src/$apr ];then
    cd /usr/src
    tar xjf $apr &>/dev/null
    cd /usr/src/`echo $apr | awk -F.tar '{print $1}'`
    ./buildconf &>/dev/null
    ./configure $make_apr &>/dev/null
    make  &>/dev/null && make install &>/dev/null
      if [ $? -eq 0 ];then
         echo "$apr install ok"
      else
         echo "$apr install fail"
         exit 2
     fi
  else
    echo "/usr/src/$apr no file"
    exit 3
  fi
####################################
   if [ -e /usr/src/$apr_util ];then
     cd /usr/src
     tar xjf $apr_util
     cd /usr/src/`echo $apr_util | awk -F.tar '{print $1}'`
     ./buildconf --with-apr=/usr/src/`echo $apr | awk -F.tar '{print $1}'`  &>/dev/null
     ./configure $make_apr_util &>/dev/null
     make  &>/dev/null &&  make install &>/dev/null
        if [ $? -eq 0 ];then
           echo "$apr_util install ok"
        else
           echo "$apr_util install fail"
           exit 2
        fi
   else
     echo "/usr/src/$apr_util no file"
     exit 3
  fi
####################################
  if [ -e /usr/src/$cmake ];then
     cd /usr/src
     tar xzf  $cmake
     cd /usr/src/`echo $cmake | awk -F.tar '{print $1}'`
     ./bootstrap &>/dev/null
     make  &>/dev/null && make install &>/dev/null
        if [ $? -eq 0 ];then
            echo "$cmake install ok"
        else
            echo "$cmake install fail"
            exit 2
        fi
  else
     echo "/usr/src/$cmake no file"
     exit 3
  fi
####################################
}

install_httpd() {
  if [ -e /usr/src/$http ];then
     cd /usr/src
     tar xjf $http
     cd /usr/src/`echo $http | awk -F.tar '{print $1}'`
     ./configure $make_http &>/dev/null
     make  &>/dev/null && make install &>/dev/null
       if [ $? -eq 0 ];then
          echo "$http install ok"
       else
           echo "$http install fail"
           exit 2
       fi
   else
     echo "/usr/src/$http no file"
     exit 3
   fi
}

install_mysql() {
  id mysql &>/dev/null
  [ $? -eq 0 ] || useradd -s /sbin/nologin -M mysql
  if [ -e /usr/src/$mysql ];then
     cd /usr/src
     tar xzf $mysql
     cd /usr/src/`echo $mysql | awk -F.tar '{print $1}'`
     cmake . $make_mysql &>/dev/null
     make  &>/dev/null && make install &>/dev/null
       if [ $? -eq 0 ];then
          echo "$mysql install ok"
       else
          echo "$mysql install fail"
          exit 2
       fi
  else
    echo "/usr/src/$mysql no file"
    exit 3
  fi
}

install_php() {
  if [ -e /usr/src/$php ];then
     cd /usr/src
     tar xjf $php
     cd /usr/src/`echo $php | awk -F.tar '{print $1}'`
     ./configure $make_php &>/dev/null
     make  &>/dev/null && make install &>/dev/null
       if [ $? -eq 0 ];then
          echo "$php install ok"
       else
          echo "$php install fail"
          exit 2
       fi
  else
     echo "/usr/src/$php no file"
     exit 3
  fi
}

config_lamp() {
########################################################
  echo "pidfile "/var/run/httpd.pid"" >> $http_path/conf/httpd.conf
  echo "AddType application/x-httpd-php  .php" >> $http_path/conf/httpd.conf
  echo "AddType application/x-httpd-php-source  .phps" >> $http_path/conf/httpd.conf
  echo "DirectoryIndex  index.php  index.html" >> $http_path/conf/httpd.conf
  echo "Include conf/vhost/*.conf" >> $http_path/conf/httpd.conf
  mkdir -p $http_path/conf/vhost
  ln -s $http_path/bin/* /sbin/
  ln -s $http_path/include/ /usr/include/apache
  echo "$local_ip   `hostname`" >> /etc/hosts
  if [ -e /media/Server/httpd-2.2.3-63.el5.i386.rpm ];then
     cp /media/Server/httpd-2.2.3-63.el5.i386.rpm /var/tmp/
     cd /var/tmp
     rpm2cpio httpd-2.2.3-63.el5.i386.rpm | cpio -id &>/dev/null
     cp /var/tmp/etc/rc.d/init.d/httpd /etc/init.d/
     sed -i '40,55d;62d' /etc/init.d/httpd
     sed -i s@/usr/sbin/apachectl@$http_path/bin/apachectl@g /etc/init.d/httpd
     sed -i s@/usr/sbin/httpd@$http_path/bin/httpd@g /etc/init.d/httpd
     chmod a+x /etc/init.d/httpd
     chkconfig --add httpd
     chkconfig httpd on
  else
cat > /etc/init.d/httpd <<EOF
#!/bin/bash
#
# httpd        Startup script for the Apache HTTP Server
#
# chkconfig: - 85 15
# description: Apache is a World Wide Web server.  It is used to serve \
#          HTML files and CGI.
# processname: httpd
. /etc/rc.d/init.d/functions
if [ -f /etc/sysconfig/httpd ]; then
        . /etc/sysconfig/httpd
fi
HTTPD_LANG=${HTTPD_LANG-"C"}
INITLOG_ARGS=""
apachectl=/usr/local/apache/bin/apachectl
httpd=${HTTPD-/usr/local/apache/bin/httpd}
prog=httpd
pidfile=${PIDFILE-/var/run/httpd.pid}
lockfile=${LOCKFILE-/var/lock/subsys/httpd}
RETVAL=0
STOP_TIMEOUT=${STOP_TIMEOUT-10}
start() {
        echo -n $"Starting $prog: "
        LANG=$HTTPD_LANG daemon --pidfile=${pidfile} $httpd $OPTIONS
        RETVAL=$?
        echo
        [ $RETVAL = 0 ] && touch ${lockfile}
        return $RETVAL
}
stop() {
    echo -n $"Stopping $prog: "
    killproc -p ${pidfile} -d ${STOP_TIMEOUT} $httpd
    RETVAL=$?
    echo
    [ $RETVAL = 0 ] && rm -f ${lockfile} ${pidfile}
}
reload() {
    echo -n $"Reloading $prog: "
    if ! LANG=$HTTPD_LANG $httpd $OPTIONS -t >&/dev/null; then
        RETVAL=$?
        echo $"not reloading due to configuration syntax error"
        failure $"not reloading $httpd due to configuration syntax error"
    else
        killproc -p ${pidfile} $httpd -HUP
        RETVAL=$?
    fi
    echo
}
case "$1" in
  start)
    start
    ;;
  stop)
    stop
    ;;
  status)
        status -p ${pidfile} $httpd
    RETVAL=$?
    ;;
  restart)
    stop
    start
    ;;
  condrestart)
    if [ -f ${pidfile} ] ; then
        stop
        start
    fi
    ;;
  reload)
        reload
    ;;
  graceful|help|configtest|fullstatus)
    $apachectl $@
    RETVAL=$?
    ;;
  *)
    echo $"Usage: $prog {start|stop|restart|condrestart|reload|status|fullstatus|graceful|help|configtest}"
    exit 1
esac
exit $RETVAL
EOF
     chmod a+x /etc/init.d/httpd
     chkconfig --add httpd
     chkconfog httpd on
  fi
########################################################
  ln -s $mysql_path/lib/* /lib/
  ln -s $mysql_path/include/ /usr/include/mysql
  ln -s $mysql_path/bin/* /sbin/
  chown -R mysql:mysql $mysql_path
  cp /usr/src/`echo $mysql | awk -F.tar '{print $1}'`/support-files/my-innodb-heavy-4G.cnf /etc/my.cnf
  cp /usr/src/`echo $mysql | awk -F.tar '{print $1}'`/support-files/my-innodb-heavy-4G.cnf /etc/my.cnf
  cp /usr/src/`echo $mysql | awk -F.tar '{print $1}'`/support-files/mysql.server /etc/init.d/mysqld
  chmod a+x /etc/init.d/mysqld
  chkconfig --add mysqld
  chkconfig mysqld on
  $mysql_path/scripts/mysql_install_db --user=mysql --basedir=$mysql_path --datadir=$mysql_path/data/ &>/dev/null
########################################################
  cp /usr/src/`echo $php | awk -F.tar '{print $1}'`/php.ini-production $php_path/etc/php.ini
########################################################
}

vhost1() {
  [ -e $host1 ] ||  mkdir -p $host1
cat > $http_path/conf/vhost/cacti.conf <<EOF
<VirtualHost *:80>
        ServerAdmin [email protected]
        DocumentRoot $host1
        ServerName cacti.andy.com
        ErrorLog logs/cacti.err
        CustomLog logs/cacti.access" common
   <Directory "$host1">
        Options Indexes FollowSymLinks
        AllowOverride None
    <RequireAll>
        Require all granted
        RequireAll>
   Directory>
VirtualHost>
EOF
}
start_service() {
service httpd restart && echo "httpd is up." || echo "httpd  error."
service mysqld restart && echo "mysqld is up." || echo "mysqld error."
}
check_all
init_install
install_httpd
install_mysql
install_php
config_lamp
vhost1
start_service

执行此脚本即可, 如果不想使用脚本安装的话,可以参考
http://ant595.blog.51cto.com/5074217/920996   不过需要注意的是在编译安装php的时候需要加 --enable-sockets 参数,

二,安装SNMP
1, 使用yum方式安装,

#yum -y install net-snmp net-snmp-devel net-snmp-utils

说明:
net-snmp 此包是被监控端需要安装的包
net-snmp-utils 此包是监控端需要安装的包

2, 配置SNMP

#vim /etc/snmp/snmpd.conf   编辑snmp主配置文件修改以下内容
com2sec notConfigUser  127.0.0.1       public
access  notConfigGroup ""      any       noauth    exact  all none none
view all    included  .1                               80

3,启动snmpd服务

#chkconfig snmpd on
#service snmpd restart

三, 编译安装rrdtool 
1, 编译安装rrdtool

#cd /usr/src
#tar xzvf rrdtool-1.4.7.tar.gz
#cd rrdtool-1.4.7
#./configure --prefix=/usr/local/rrdtool
#make
#make install

四,安装配置cacti
1, 配置cacti

#cd /usr/src
#tar xzvf cacti-0.8.8a.tar.gz
#mv cacti-0.8.8a/* /cacti/
#chown -R root:root /cacti
#chmod -R a+w /cacti/log /cacti/rra

 2,导入cacti所需数据库并建立cacti所使用的数据库用户

#mysql -e "create database cacti;"
#mysql cacti < /cacti/cacti.sql
#mysql -e "grant all privileges on cacti.* to cacti@localhost identified by 'redhat';"
#mysql -e "flush privileges;"

 3,修改cacti配置文件

#vim /cacti/include/config.php
$database_type = "mysql";
$database_default = "cacti";
$database_hostname = "localhost";
$database_username = "cacti";
$database_password = "redhat";
$database_port = "3306";
$database_ssl = false;
$url_path = "/";

4,安装cacti-spine

#cd /usr/src
#tar xzvf cacti-spine-0.8.8a.tar.gz
#cd cacti-spine-0.8.8a
#./configure
#make
#make install

 5,配置cacti-spine

#vim /usr/local/spine/etc/spine.conf
DB_Host         localhost
DB_Database     cacti
DB_User         cacti
DB_Pass         redhat
DB_Port         3306
DB_PreG         0

6,将spine命令加入系统搜索路径

#ln -sv /usr/local/spine/bin/spine /sbin/

7,生成初始图像文件

#vim /usr/local/php/etc/php.ini  修改以下内容
date.timezone = Asia/Shanghai    如果不修改此行配置的话,执行下面的命令会报错,
#/usr/local/php/bin/php /cacti/poller.php
#crontab -e  内容如下
*/5 * * * * /usr/local/php/bin/php /cacti/poller.php  &>/dev/null

8,安装cacti, 上面说过cacti是一个php开发的web页面,那么虚拟主机肯定是要配置的,上面的脚本中已经配置过了,域名是cacti.andy.com 
8.1 在浏览器中输入cacti.andy.com 将看到cacti的安装界面, 前提是客户端要能访问cacti.andy.com的域名,见图,

8.2 选择安装的方式

8.3, 设置cacti所需要依赖的一些软件及命令的位置,

8.4,输入cacti的用户及密码,默认的用户及密码为admin

8.5,第一次登录需要重置下admin的密码.

8.6,cacti的主界面,

8.7 点击左上角的graphs-->localhost, 可以看到默认监控本机的图像了,如果没有图像执行下如下命令

#/usr/local/php/bin/php /cacti/poller.php

 

 

 

 OK,到这里已经安装配置好了,后面会再写篇博客介绍cacti的使用,