CameraX小试牛刀,实现二维码扫描

在今年的Google I/O大会上,Google新推出了CameraX支持包,按照官方的说法, 这个包的作用是

help you make camera app development easier

google在几年前推出了Camera2 API用于取代Camera1, 但是因为api太难用,大部分开发者还是喜欢使用Camera1的api,这不得不说是一件讽刺的事情。这次推出的CameraX支持包不仅消除各种使用上的障碍,还与大受好评的archecture component 包的Lifecycle结合,自动管理相机的生命周期,开发者不在需要去关心什么时候打开相机,什么时候释放相机。甚至联系各个手机厂商提供统一的api调用使用美颜等接口,看起来诚意满满。

本文将在这个demo中将会使用到CameraX中三大功能中的两个:

  • preview
  • analysis

创建app

创建app,声明相机权限




    

    
        
            
                

                
            
        
    


添加相关依赖

    implementation 'com.tbruyelle.rxpermissions2:rxpermissions:0.9.5'
    def camerax_version = "1.0.0-alpha02"
    implementation "androidx.camera:camera-core:${camerax_version}"
    // If you want to use Camera2 extensions.
    implementation "androidx.camera:camera-camera2:${camerax_version}"
    implementation 'com.google.zxing:core:3.3.2'

注意,这里有个坑, 因为camerax还没有发布正式版,而它依赖的androidx.core:core:1.1.0-rc1AppcompatActivity居然不是LifeCycleOwner,所以要祭出在support liabary时代解决依赖冲突的黄金代码:

subprojects {
    configurations.all {
        resolutionStrategy {
            force "androidx.core:core:1.0.2"
        }
    }
}

编写代码实现摄像头预览

        val previewConfig = PreviewConfig.Builder().apply {
            setTargetAspectRatio(Rational(1, 1))
            setTargetResolution(Size(640, 640))
        }.build()
        val preview = Preview(previewConfig)
       preview.setOnPreviewOutputUpdateListener {
            textureView.surfaceTexture = it.surfaceTexture
        }
        CameraX.bindToLifecycle(this@MainActivity, preview)

编写代码实现数据分析回调

数据分析可以指定回调的线程

        val analysisConfig = ImageAnalysisConfig.Builder().apply {
            setImageReaderMode(ImageAnalysis.ImageReaderMode.ACQUIRE_LATEST_IMAGE)
            val analyzerThread = HandlerThread("BarcodeAnalyzer").apply { start() }
            setCallbackHandler(Handler(analyzerThread.looper))
        }.build()

        val analysis = ImageAnalysis(analysisConfig)
        analysis.analyzer = QRcodeAnalyzer()

        CameraX.bindToLifecycle(this@MainActivity, analysis)

同时绑定预览和分析,并且搞定权限申请

class MainActivity : AppCompatActivity() {

    @SuppressLint("CheckResult")
    override fun onCreate(savedInstanceState: Bundle?) {
        super.onCreate(savedInstanceState)
        setContentView(R.layout.activity_main)

        val previewConfig = PreviewConfig.Builder().apply {
            setTargetAspectRatio(Rational(1, 1))
            setTargetResolution(Size(640, 640))
        }.build()

        val analysisConfig = ImageAnalysisConfig.Builder().apply {
            setImageReaderMode(ImageAnalysis.ImageReaderMode.ACQUIRE_LATEST_IMAGE)
            val analyzerThread = HandlerThread("BarcodeAnalyzer").apply { start() }
            setCallbackHandler(Handler(analyzerThread.looper))
        }.build()

        val rxPermissions = RxPermissions(this)
        val preview = Preview(previewConfig)
        val analysis = ImageAnalysis(analysisConfig)

        preview.setOnPreviewOutputUpdateListener {
            textureView.surfaceTexture = it.surfaceTexture
        }

        analysis.analyzer = QRcodeAnalyzer()
        rxPermissions.request(android.Manifest.permission.CAMERA)
                .subscribe {
                    CameraX.bindToLifecycle(this@MainActivity,
                            preview,
                            analysis)
                }
    }
}

实现QRcodeAnalyzer

做二维码解码,很多开发者是直接在zxing-Android 项目基础上删删改改,其实不建议这样做,应为那个项目是从Android早期版本开始的,一些东西都为了支持老版本系统而做出了妥协,很多代码都显得老旧而且不优雅,查看源码你会发现它调用摄像头的方法是非常复杂的。这里我们只是用xzing核心库com.google.zxing:core

class QRcodeAnalyzer : ImageAnalysis.Analyzer {
    private val reader: MultiFormatReader = MultiFormatReader()

    init {
        val map = mapOf>(
            Pair(DecodeHintType.POSSIBLE_FORMATS, arrayListOf(BarcodeFormat.QR_CODE))
        )
        reader.setHints(map)
    }

    override fun analyze(image: ImageProxy, rotationDegrees: Int) {
        if (ImageFormat.YUV_420_888 != image.format) {
            Log.e("BarcodeAnalyzer", "expect YUV_420_888, now = ${image.format}")
            return
        }
        val buffer = image.planes[0].buffer
        val data = ByteArray(buffer.remaining())
        val height = image.height
        val width = image.width
        buffer.get(data)
        //TODO 调整crop的矩形区域,目前是全屏(全屏有更好的识别体验,但是在部分手机上可能OOM)
        val source = PlanarYUVLuminanceSource(data, width, height, 0, 0, width, height, false)

        val bitmap = BinaryBitmap(HybridBinarizer(source))

        try {
            val result = reader.decode(bitmap)
            Log.e("BarcodeAnalyzer", "resolved!!! = $result")
        } catch (e: Exception) {
            Log.d("BarcodeAnalyzer", "Error decoding barcode")
        }

    }
}

大功告成, 核心代码不超过100行

项目地址:https://github.com/hotstu/QRCodeCameraX

本人在上写的内容除特别注明以外均为本人原创,转载需经本人同意,欢迎转载分享,请注明出处。

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