When we talk about experience or results, we use the present perfect form
This form uses "have" followed by the participle
For regular verbs, this participle is identical to the past tense form
For irregular verbs, this participle is often different
When we use the perfect form, the primary focus is on the subject of the sentence, not the verb
It emphasizes condition, experience or results rather than actions or events.
In these two examples, we see the contrast
The top sentence gives the condition or state of the subject and the bottom sentence expresses an event.
The top sentence describes the condition of the subject of the sentence, SHE, rather than an event
The fact that she has left the hotel is now part of her experience or state of being
The bottom sentence expresses the action or event, she left which is something she did
In general, the past tense form expresses events or acts,and the perfect form expresses experience or conditions
When we use the perfect form of the verb, we focus on the state of the subject and not an action or event
Note that the past form events at specific points or periods of time, such as last year or the past five years
These events are distanced from the speaker's point of view
The perfect form expresses the state of something from the speaker's point of view, not distanced in time
These two sentences are incorrect and confusing because they give two different points of view
Here are some sentences that use the perfect form
Some are simple such as the first one and some are complex like the last one
The last one is complex because it combines many verb forms, including the passive