以Ti的TMS320F2802x/2803x为例，这个系列的控制器主要用于工业控制，如电机控制、电源控制等，运算能力较强，可以做一些控制算法。
单片机，大学期间的课程开始的都是51单片机，
以STC的单片机为例，STC89C52RC是STC公司生产的一种低功耗、高性能CMOS8位微控制器，具有8K字节系统可编程Flash存储器。STC89C52使用经典的MCS-51内核，但是做了很多的改进使得芯片具有传统51单片机不具备的功能。在单芯片上，拥有灵巧的8 位CPU 和在系统可编程Flash，使得STC89C52为众多嵌入式控制应用系统提供高灵活、超有效的解决方案。
具有以下标准功能： 8k字节Flash，512字节RAM， 32 位I/O 口线，看门狗定时器，内置4KB EEPROM，MAX810复位电路，3个16 位定时器/计数器，4个外部中断，一个7向量4级中断结构（兼容传统51的5向量2级中断结构），全双工串行口。另外 STC89C52 可降至0Hz 静态逻辑操作，支持2种软件可选择节电模式。空闲模式下，CPU 停止工作，允许RAM、定时器/计数器、串口、中断继续工作。掉电保护方式下，RAM内容被保存，振荡器被冻结，单片机一切工作停止，直到下一个中断或硬件复位为止。最高运作频率35MHz，6T/12T可选。
了解ti的 C2000 实时控制 MCU
DNA 内实时控制。
C2000 实时控制 MCU 具有高性能内核和经过应用调优的外设，是专为实时控制应用而设计的基于 C28x 的 32 位微控制器。其数学优化型内核可为设计人员提供能够提高系统效率、可靠性以及灵活性的方法。功能强大的集成外设使这些实时器件成为适合各种应用的完美单芯片控制解决方案。
专为实时控制而构建
以最短的延迟感应反馈、处理响应以及驱动控制系统。
快速且准确的传感可最大限度地提高系统响应能力和性能
专业化处理可最大限度地减小复杂闭环控制算法的延迟
精确的可配置驱动提供了实现具有最佳性能的高级控制方案所需的灵活性
非常适合电机控制、数字电源、工业驱动器、光伏逆变器等闭环控制应用
The F2803x Piccolo™ family of microcontrollers provides the power of the C28x core and Control Law Accelerator (CLA) coupled with highly integrated control peripherals in low pin-count devices. This family is code-compatible with previous C28x-based code, and also provides a high level of analog integration.
An internal voltage regulator allows for single-rail operation. Enhancements have beenmade to the HRPWM to allow for dual-edge control (frequency modulation). Analog comparators withinternal 10-bit references have been added and can be routed directly to control the PWM outputs.The ADC converts from 0 to 3.3-V fixed full-scale range and supports ratio-metric VREFHI/VREFLO references. The ADC interface has beenoptimized for low overhead and latency.
Features
High-Efficiency 32-Bit CPU (TMS320C28x)
60 MHz (16.67-ns Cycle Time)
16 × 16 and 32 × 32 MAC Operations
16 × 16 Dual MAC
Harvard Bus Architecture
Atomic Operations
Fast Interrupt Response and Processing
Unified Memory Programming Model
Code-Efficient (in C/C++ and Assembly)
Programmable Control Law Accelerator (CLA)
32-Bit Floating-Point Math Accelerator
Executes Code Independently of the Main CPU
Endianness: Little Endian
JTAG Boundary Scan Support
IEEE Standard 1149.1-1990 Standard Test Access Port and Boundary Scan Architecture
Low Cost for Both Device and System:
Single 3.3-V Supply
No Power Sequencing Requirement
Integrated Power-on Reset and Brown-out Reset
Low Power
No Analog Support Pins
Clocking:
Two Internal Zero-Pin Oscillators
On-Chip Crystal Oscillator and External Clock Input
Watchdog Timer Module
Missing Clock Detection Circuitry
Up to 45 Individually Programmable, Multiplexed GPIO Pins With Input Filtering
Peripheral Interrupt Expansion (PIE) Block That Supports All Peripheral Interrupts
Three 32-Bit CPU Timers
Independent 16-Bit Timer in Each Enhanced Pulse Width Modulator (ePWM)
On-Chip Memory
Flash, SARAM, OTP, Boot ROM Available
Code-Security Module
128-Bit Security Key and Lock
Protects Secure Memory Blocks
Prevents Firmware Reverse Engineering
Serial Port Peripherals
One Serial Communications Interface (SCI) Universal Asynchronous Receiver/Transmitter (UART) Module
Two Serial Peripheral Interface (SPI) Modules
One Inter-Integrated-Circuit (I2C) Module
One Local Interconnect Network (LIN) Module
One Enhanced Controller Area Network (eCAN) Module
Enhanced Control Peripherals
ePWM
High-Resolution PWM (HRPWM)
Enhanced Capture (eCAP) Module
High-Resolution Input Capture (HRCAP) Module
Enhanced Quadrature Encoder Pulse (eQEP) Module
Analog-to-Digital Converter (ADC)
On-Chip Temperature Sensor
Comparator
Advanced Emulation Features
Analysis and Breakpoint Functions
Real-Time Debug Through Hardware
Package Options
56-Pin RSH Very Thin Quad Flatpack (No Lead) (VQFN)
64-Pin PAG Thin Quad Flatpack (TQFP)
80-Pin PN Low-Profile Quad Flatpack (LQFP)
Temperature Options
T: –40°C to 105°C
S: –40°C to 125°C
Q: –40°C to 125°C
(AEC Q100 Qualification for AutomotiveApplications)
简单的说ti的C2000是一个性能强劲的单片机
1、主频高，运算速度快，2803x系列单周期指令16.67ns.
2、ADC采样速度快，ns级别，单片机则是us级别；
3、PWM发波灵活，满足各种场景；
工业控制用C2000来处理一些控制算法，数字滤波，以PID/2P2Z用的多，做闭环控制。