learn about sqlserver partitition and partition table --- add or remove table partitions

demo
/* add partitions */

alter database xxx add filegroup FG_=fff_201708;
alter database xxx add file (name = FG_fff_201708,filename = "M:\DATA\SQLDATA\fff_201708.ndf",size = 10MB,maxsize = unlimited,filegrowth = 10MB) to filegroup fff_201708;;
alter partition scheme PS_Tfff NEXT USED FG_TH_CHG_TEMP_201708;
alter partition function PF_TH_CHG_TEMP_MEAS_TIME() split range (N'20170800000000');
go

or you no need to generate new file group just at original or primary group

that drop parttion could not be same as on oracle
/* drop partitions */
alter partition function PF_xxxx() merge range (N'2013-10-01 00:00:00.000');
alter database xxx remove file ffff_201310
alter database xxx remove filegroup ffff_201310