点津 I Have+复合结构 I 欧阳：中小学英语培训实战日记（连载53）

星期六    阴冷

“have”一词用法点津

“ have”是英语中一个使用频率非常高的动词，被称之为“万能动词”。它主要的用法：

1.及物动词表示“有”。例：I have a very beautiful picture.

我有一幅非常漂亮的图片。

2.助动词与过去分词搭配构成完成时：“have done”

They have finished the jobs now.他们现在已经完成了工作。

His father has been to Beijing many times.他爸爸已经去过北京许多次了。

3.和一些其他名词连用构成固定搭配

have a bad cold,  have a rest，have a swim,  have sth. on.

但在英语学习过程中，“have”被用在复合结构中最为常见，而且也是次次考试的重点及难点。归纳起来Have的复合宾语中的补足语主要由不带to的不定式、现在分词、过去分词、形容词、副词或介词短语等来充当。

【实战练习】

1.The teacher will have someone ______(write)an article for our wall newspaper.

2.Be quick! They have the car____________(wait)for us at the gate.

3.Can you have the washing-machine _________(send)to myhouse?

4.Those who have questions__________(ask), raise your hands.

5.You had better ___________(pay)a visit to him soon.

6.That has nothing__________（do）with what we are discussing.

7.Thesports meetinghas ____________(put off)because of the rain.

【参考答案】

1 write  2 waiting  3 sent  4 to ask 5 pay  6 todo7 beenput off

再来看高考中关于“have+复合结构”的测评：

1.Jenny hopes that Mr . Smith will suggest a good way to have her written English ______ in  a short period. (2007福建卷)

A. improvedB. improvingC. to improveD. improve

2.— Did Peter fix the computer himself?

— He ______, because he doesn’t know much about computers. (2007安徽卷)

A. has i t fixedB. had fixed itC. had it fixedD. fixed it

3.—Excuse me sir, where is Room 301?

—Just a minute. I’ll have Bob ______ you to your room. (2007北京卷)

A.  showB. showsC. to showD. showing

【参考答案】:ACA

根据历年考点分析，“have+复合结构”有以下几种形式：

一、have +宾语+不定式： 表示“有”的概念

They have much homework to do every day.

他们每天有很多的作业要做。

Tom has a very sharp knife to cut with.

Tom有一把非常锋利的刀用来切东西。

二、have +宾语+（不带to）不定式 表示：请或让某人做某事。此结构中的have为使役动词。

The teacher had the boy recite the text every day.

老师让那个男孩每天背诵课文。

三、have +宾语+现在分词  表示让某人/某物一直做某事或一直处于某种状态之下。

The man had the machine working all day long.

那人让机器一直转着。

四、have +宾语+过去分词  表示过去分词与宾语具有被动关系

Jack said that he would have his hair cut the next day.

杰克说他第二天要去理发。

The teacher asked the girls to have everything prepared before the performance.

老师要求女同学们在表演之前把所有的事情都准备好。

同学们，清楚一些了吗？我教学的风格是将难点化简为易。理解之后再深入。