Rising life expectancy ( ) , combined with the replacement of generous defined-benefit pension plans with less generous defined-contribution ones, means that even the better-off must work longer to have a comfortable retirement.
56. What is people's common expectation of a high-factor sunscreen?
56、人们对高因子防晒霜的普遍期望是什么?
53. What finding of the study might prove somewhat out of our expectation?
A) Easy-going people can also live a relatively long life.
B) Personality characteristics that prove advantageous actually vary with times.
C) Such personality characteristics as self-discipline have no effect on longevity.
D) Readiness to accept new ideas helps one enjoy longevity.
53、这项研究如何证明出乎我们的期望?
A)随和的人也能过相对长寿的生活。
B)具有优势的性格特征实际上随时间而变化。
C)像自律这样的人格特征对寿命没有影响。
D)准备接受新思想有助于长寿。
研究性文章
提供大众的想法(客观事实)
提问考生，对于某事
文章中大众的普遍看法是什么。
提问考生，研究中哪一点出乎大众的意料。
提供对大众想法的评价(一般为负面)
提问考生，作者如何认为大众对于某事的看法什么样的观点(需要考生先知道大众的看法，然后搜索出作者对于大众的看法)
新方法论
正确选项特点
1）用同义词对文中的单词进行词义替换
2）用概括的说法代替文中的表述
3）针对转折否定进行正反的替换
46. What does the author say about the threat of robots?
A) It may constitute a challenge to computer programmers.
B) It accompanies all machinery involving high technology.
C) It can be avoided if human values are translated into their Ianguage.
D) It has become an inevitable peril as technology gets more sophisticated.
46.作者对机器人的威胁有何看法?
A)它可能对计算机程序员构成挑战。
B)它伴随所有涉及高科技的机器。
C)如果将人类的价值观翻译成他们的语言，就可以避免这种情况。
D)随着技术的发展，它已经成为不可避免的危险。
As Artificial Intelligence (Al) becomes increasingly sophisticated, there are growing concerns that robots could become a threat.
This danger can be avoided, according to computer science professor Stuart Russell, ifwe figure out how to turn human values into a programmable code.
随着人工智能(ai)变得越来越复杂，越来越多的人担心机器人会成为威胁。
根据计算机科学教授斯图尔特拉塞尔的说法，如果我们想办法将人类的价值观转变成可编程的代码，那么这种危险就可以避免了。
49. What is likely to affect one's attitude toward the driverless
A) The location of their residence.
B) The field of their special interest.
C) The amount of training they received.
D) The length of their driving experience.
49、什么可能会影响人们对无人驾驶的态度
A)他们居住的地点。
B)他们特别感兴趣的领域。
C)他们接受的训练量。
D)他们驾驶经验的长度。
When it comes to driverless cars, differences in attitude are more pronounced based on factors not related to age. College graduates, for example, are particularly interested in driverless cars compared with those who have less education: 59 percent of college graduates said they would like to use a driverless car compared with 38 percent of those with a high-school diploma or less.
here a person lives matters, too. More people who lived in jties and suburbs said they wanted to try driverless cars than hose who lived in rural areas.
当谈到无人驾驶汽车时，基于与年龄无关的因素，态度上的差异更为明显。例如，与那些教育程度较低的人相比，大学毕业生对无人驾驶汽车尤其感兴趣:59%的大学毕业生表示，他们愿意使用无人驾驶汽车，相比之下，只有高中文凭或更少的人有38%的人愿意使用无人驾驶汽车。
在这里，一个人的生活也很重要。住在jtie和郊区的人说，他们想要尝试无人驾驶汽车，而不是住在农村地区的软管。
60. What is the author's view on daycare service?
A) It is better for different states to learn from each other.
B) Caregivers should receive regular professional training.
C) Less elaborate rules about children might lower costs.
D) It is crucial to strike a balance between quality and costs.
60。作者对日托服务的看法是什么?
A)最好是不同的州互相学习。
B)照护者应定期接受专业训练。
C)关于儿童的不太详细的规定可能会降低成本。
D)在质量和成本之间取得平衡是至关重要的。
elaborate : 详细的
caregiver ：照顾者
2015.6 四级(第二套)
Passage One
56、What gives women a ray of hope to achieve work-life balance?
A) More men taking an extended parental leave.
B) People's changing attitudes towards family.
C) More women entering business management.
D) The improvement of their socioeconomic status.
56、是什么给了女性一线希望来实现工作与生活的平衡?
A)更多的男人休产假。
B)人们对家庭的态度改变了。
C)更多的女性进入企业管理。
D)改善他们的社会经济地位。
The endless debate about "work-life balance" often contains a hopeful footnote about stay-at-home dads. If American society and business won't make it easier on future female leaders who choose to have children, there is still the ray of hope that increasing numbers of full-time fathers will.
关于“工作与生活平衡”的无休止的争论经常包含一个关于“家庭奶爸”的充满希望的注脚。如果美国的社会和事业不能让未来的女性领导人更容易选择生孩子，那么，越来越多的全职父亲将会有一线希望。
57. Why does the author say the hope for more full-time fathers is misguided?
A) Women are better at taking care of children.
B) Many men value work more than their family.
C) Their number is too small to make a difference.
D) Not many men have the chance to stay at home.
57。为什么作者说对更多全职父亲的希望是错误的呢?
A)妇女更善于照顾孩子。
B)许多男人比他们的家庭更看重工作。
C)他们的数字太小了，不能产生影响。
D)没有多少男人有机会呆在家里。
make a difference 产生影响
But based on today's socioeconomic trends, this hope is, unfortunately, misguided.
• It's true that the number of men who have left work to do their thing as full-time parents has doubled in a decade, but it's still very small: only 0.8% of married couples where the stay-at-home father was out of the labor force for a year.
但是，基于今天的社会经济趋势，不幸的是，这种希望被误导了。
确实，在过去的十年里，那些离开工作去做全职父母的男性人数增加了一倍，但仍然非常小:只有0.8%的已婚夫妇在全职爸爸离开劳动力市场一年。
58、Why do few men take a long parental leave?
A) A long leave will have a negative impact on their career.
B) They just have too many responsibilities to fulfill at work.
C) The economic loss will be too much for their family to bear.
D) They are likely to get fired if absent from work for too long.
58、为什么很少有男人休长产假呢?
A)长假对他们的职业生涯有负面影响。
B)他们在工作中有太多的责任要去完成。
C)经济损失对他们的家庭来说是太大了。
D)如果工作时间不长，他们很可能会被解雇。
60. What does the author say about high-potential women in the not-too-distant future?
A) They will benefit from the trend of more fathers staying at home.
B) They will find high-paying profession; a bit more family-friendly.
C) They are unlikely to break their career trajectory to raise a family.
) They will still face the difficult choice between career and children.
60。在不久的将来，作者会对那些高潜力的女性说些什么呢?
A)他们将受益于更多的父亲留在家里的趋势。
B)他们将找到高薪职业;更多的家庭。
C)他们不太可能打破自己的职业轨迹来养育一个家庭。
)他们仍将面临事业和孩子之间的艰难抉择
In the foreseeable future, stay-at-home fathers may make all the difference for individual families, but their presence won't reduce the numbers of high-potential women who are forced to choose between family and career.
在可预见的未来，全职父亲可能会对各个家庭产生影响，但他们的存在不会减少那些被迫在家庭和事业之间做出选择的高潜力女性的数量。
2015.6 四级(第二套) 1.20.00
draw attention to vt. 吸引对……的注意力
grain yield growth 粮食产量
crops 农作物
62.
mention ... in particular 特别提及...
self-sufficiency 自给自足
be vital to ... 对 ... 至关重要
yield 产量
concerns n.关注
taken for granted 理所应当
例：Their food self-sufficiency has been taken for granted. 他们的食物自给自足被认为是理所应当的。
sharp 明显的 particularly 尤其地
63.
crop improvement efforts 农作物改良努力
improvement of human food production 人类粮食生产的改善
64.
in the coming decades 在未来的几十年内
optimistic 乐观的
dig up 开垦，挖掘
as ... has argued 正如 ...主张一样
qualify v. 具体说明；使语气缓和
65.
plough up 开垦
wilderness n. 荒野;沙漠
forecast assume 预设假想
doubtful assumption 令人怀疑的假设
在努力无果的时候，你要相信，有些事情会来的，只是时间还没有到！