iOS-OC-Runtime使用小谈（objc_setAssociatedObject）

一.objc/runtime.h相关
Objecitve-C的重要特性是Runtime（运行时），在Interacting with the Runtime（交互运行）中，运行时函数部分，苹果给出了/usr/lib/libobjc.A.dylib库，这个共享库提供支持动态属性的objective - c语言，通过其接口，可以用于开发将其他语言运行于Objective-C上的中间层（桥接层），库里的函数定义为纯C语言。
二.objc/runtime.h使用
在这里我们主要举个简单的栗子��，通过新建一个UIButton的类别。
1.导入头文件

import

2.新建一个Action的Category；
然后在.h中添加一个事件的Block，代码如下：

#import   
  
typedef void (^ActionBlock)(UIButton *button);  
  
@interface UIButton (Action)  
  
@property (nonatomic,copy) ActionBlock actionBlock;  
  
+ (UIButton *)createBtnWithFrame:(CGRect)frame title:(NSString *)title actionBlock:(ActionBlock)actionBlock;  
  
@end  

在这里我们创建了一个加方法，来创建一个按钮；
实现如下：

+ (UIButton *)createBtnWithFrame:(CGRect)frame title:(NSString *)title actionBlock:(ActionBlock)actionBlock{  
    UIButton *button = [[UIButton alloc]init];  
    button.frame = frame;  
    [button setTitle:title forState:UIControlStateNormal];  
    [button addTarget:button action:@selector(buttonClick:) forControlEvents:UIControlEventTouchUpInside];  
      
    objc_setAssociatedObject (button , &keyOfMethod, actionBlock, OBJC_ASSOCIATION_COPY_NONATOMIC);  
      
    return button;  
}  

objc_setAssociatedObject(id object, const void *key, id value, objc_AssociationPolicy policy)
id object :表示关联者，是一个对象，变量名理所当然也是object
const void *key :获取被关联者的索引key
id value :被关联者，这里是一个block
objc_AssociationPolicy policy : 关联时采用的协议，有assign，retain，copy等协议，一般使用OBJC_ASSOCIATION_RETAIN_NONATOMIC
注意这里面我声明了两个索引KEY：

static NSString *keyOfMethod;  
static NSString *keyOfBlock;  

- (void)buttonClick:(UIButton *)button{  
      
    //通过key获取被关联对象  
    //objc_getAssociatedObject(id object, const void *key)  
    ActionBlock block1 = (ActionBlock)objc_getAssociatedObject(button, &keyOfMethod);  
    if(block1){  
        block1(button);  
    }  
      
    ActionBlock block2 = (ActionBlock)objc_getAssociatedObject(button, &keyOfBlock);  
    if(block2){  
        block2(button);  
    }  
}  
  
- (void)setActionBlock:(ActionBlock)actionBlock{  
    objc_setAssociatedObject (self, &keyOfBlock, actionBlock, OBJC_ASSOCIATION_COPY_NONATOMIC );  
}  
  
- (ActionBlock)actionBlock{  
    return objc_getAssociatedObject (self ,&keyOfBlock);  
}  

3.通过类别创建两个按钮

- (void)uiConfig{  
    //第一个按钮  
    UIButton *button1 = [UIButton createBtnWithFrame:CGRectMake((ScreenWidth - 100)/2, (ScreenHeight - 50)/2 - 50, 100, 50) title:@"按钮" actionBlock:^(UIButton *button) {  
        float r = random()%255/255.0;  
        float g = random()%255/255.0;  
        float b = random()%255/255.0;  
        self.view.backgroundColor = RGB(r, g, b);  
    }];  
    button1.backgroundColor = [UIColor lightGrayColor];  
    [self.view addSubview:button1];  
      
    //第二个按钮  
    UIButton *button2 = [UIButton createBtnWithFrame:CGRectMake((ScreenWidth - 100)/2, CGRectGetMaxY(button1.frame) + 50, 100, 50) title:@"按钮2" actionBlock:nil];  
    button2.actionBlock = ^(UIButton *button){  
        NSLog(@"---%@---",button.currentTitle);  
    };  
    button2.backgroundColor = [UIColor lightGrayColor];  
    [self.view addSubview:button2];  
}  

4.获取苹果私有的APi
这里我们也可以通过runtime获取苹果私有的方法;

#pragma mark - 获取苹果私有的APi方法  
- (void)getiOSPrivateAPi{  
    NSString *className = NSStringFromClass([UIView class]);  
      
    const charchar *cClassName = [className UTF8String];  
      
    id theClass = objc_getClass(cClassName);  
      
    unsigned int outCount;  
      
    Method *m =  class_copyMethodList(theClass,&outCount);  
      
    NSLog(@"%d",outCount);  
      
    for (int i = 0; i

注意，这里如果你想看其他的类，你把UIView换成你想要的类就好了；5.DEMO下载地址
http://download.csdn.net/detail/u014220518/9659110