LockSupport源码分析

1.简介

LockSupport类可以阻塞当前线程和唤醒指定被阻塞的线程,主要通过park,和unpark(thread)方法来实现阻塞和唤醒线程的操作。
1.当调用unpark(thread)方法,就会将thread线程的许可permit设置为(多次调用unpark方法,不会累加,permit值还是1)。
2.当调用park()方法时,如果当前线程的permit是1,那么将permit的值设置为0,并立即返回。如果当前线程的permit是0,那么当前线程就会阻塞,知道别的线程把当前线程的permit值设置为1,然后park方法再将它设置为0,并返回。

2.源码解析

package java.util.concurrent.locks;
import sun.misc.Unsafe;

import java.util.concurrent.Semaphore;
import java.util.concurrent.ThreadLocalRandom;

/**
 * 提供阻塞线程和唤醒线程的方法。
 */
public class LockSupport {
    // 构造函数是私有的,所以不能在外部实例化
    private LockSupport() {}

    // 用来设置线程t的parkBlocker属性。此对象在线程受阻塞时被记录,以允许监视工具和诊断工具确定线程受阻塞的原因。
    private static void setBlocker(Thread t, Object arg) {
        UNSAFE.putObject(t, parkBlockerOffset, arg);
    }

    // 唤醒处于阻塞状态下的thread线程
    public static void unpark(Thread thread) {
        // 当线程不为null时调用
        if (thread != null)
            // 通过UNSAFE的unpark唤醒被阻塞的线程
            UNSAFE.unpark(thread);
    }

    // 阻塞当前线程
    public static void park(Object blocker) {
        Thread t = Thread.currentThread();
        // 设置线程t的parkBlocker属性,用于记录线程阻塞情况
        setBlocker(t, blocker);
        // 通过UNSAFE的park方法阻塞线程
        UNSAFE.park(false, 0L);
        setBlocker(t, null);
    }

    // 阻塞当前线程nanos纳秒时间,超出时间线程就会被唤醒返回
    public static void parkNanos(Object blocker, long nanos) {
        if (nanos > 0) {
            Thread t = Thread.currentThread();
            setBlocker(t, blocker);
            UNSAFE.park(false, nanos);
            setBlocker(t, null);
        }
    }
    // 阻塞当前线程,超过deadline日期线程就会被唤醒返回
    public static void parkUntil(Object blocker, long deadline) {
        Thread t = Thread.currentThread();
        setBlocker(t, blocker);
        UNSAFE.park(true, deadline);
        setBlocker(t, null);
    }

    // 获取线程t的parkBlocker属性
    public static Object getBlocker(Thread t) {
        if (t == null)
            throw new NullPointerException();
        return UNSAFE.getObjectVolatile(t, parkBlockerOffset);
    }

    // 阻塞当前线程,不设置parkBlocker属性
    public static void park() {
        UNSAFE.park(false, 0L);
    }

    public static void parkNanos(long nanos) {
        if (nanos > 0)
            UNSAFE.park(false, nanos);
    }

    public static void parkUntil(long deadline) {
        UNSAFE.park(true, deadline);
    }

    static final int nextSecondarySeed() {
        int r;
        Thread t = Thread.currentThread();
        if ((r = UNSAFE.getInt(t, SECONDARY)) != 0) {
            r ^= r << 13;   // xorshift
            r ^= r >>> 17;
            r ^= r << 5;
        }
        else if ((r = ThreadLocalRandom.current().nextInt()) == 0)
            r = 1; // avoid zero
        UNSAFE.putInt(t, SECONDARY, r);
        return r;
    }

    // Hotspot implementation via intrinsics API
    private static final Unsafe UNSAFE;
    private static final long parkBlockerOffset;
    private static final long SEED;
    private static final long PROBE;
    private static final long SECONDARY;
    static {
        try {
            UNSAFE = Unsafe.getUnsafe();
            Class tk = Thread.class;
            parkBlockerOffset = UNSAFE.objectFieldOffset
                (tk.getDeclaredField("parkBlocker"));
            SEED = UNSAFE.objectFieldOffset
                (tk.getDeclaredField("threadLocalRandomSeed"));
            PROBE = UNSAFE.objectFieldOffset
                (tk.getDeclaredField("threadLocalRandomProbe"));
            SECONDARY = UNSAFE.objectFieldOffset
                (tk.getDeclaredField("threadLocalRandomSecondarySeed"));
        } catch (Exception ex) { throw new Error(ex); }
    }

}

3总结

1.归根到底,LockSupport调用Unsafe中的native代码

public native void unpark(Thread jthread); 
public native void park(boolean isAbsolute, long time); 

2.关于许可
unpark()放在park之前也可以实现同步,也就是说先提供许可,在操作也是可行的。可以类比到生产者消费者模型理解,先提供许可,然后使用许可。这是他优与wait/notify的地方。

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