A Tour of GO （1）--Basics

1. Exported Names

A name is exported if it begins with capital letter.

2. Multiple Returns

   func swap (x, y string) (string, string){...}
   a, b := swap("xxx", "yyy")
   

3. Named Return Values

   func split(sum int) (x, y int) {
   ....
   return  //naked return
   }
   

   • Naked return should only be used in short functions to keep the readibility

4. Variable with initializers can omit the type

   var i, j int = 1,2
   var a, b, c = true, false, "no!"
   

5. Short variable declarations

   Can be used inside a function.
   func main(){
   k :=3
   ...
   }

6. Basic Types：

   bool  //default false
   string  //default ""
   /* default value is 0 for numeric values */
   int int8 int16 int32 int64
   uint .... uint64 uintptr
   rune // alias for int32
   float32 float 54
   complex64 complex128
   

• T(v) can convert v to type T.
• ** items of different types need explicit conversions**. Such as int to float.

7. Type interference.

   When declaring a variable without explicit type. the variable's type is inferred form the right side.
   var i int
   j := i // j is an int

   • The inference of numeric value depends on the precision
     i := 42 //int
     j := 3.142 //float64
     k := 0.867+0.51 //complex128

8. Constants

   • Can not be declared with :=.
     const World="World"
   • Numeric Constant are high-precision values.