内核的编译

编译安装内核

• 先下载https://www.kernel.org/ 下载内核文件，tar xf linux-版本tar.xz
• 复制/boot/下的config-版本号
• cp /boot/config-2.6.32-696.el6.x86_64 linux-3.16.45/config
• 安装开发包组
• yum groupinstall "Development Tools"
• tar 解压 tar xf linux-3.18.56.tar.xz 压缩包
• cd 切换至解压目录
• cp拷贝/boot/下的 cp /boot/config-2.6.32-696.el6.x86_64 至安装目录并改名叫.cinfig文件（拷贝模板文件）
• 使用图形化工具

[root@centos6 linux-3.16.45]#  make menuconfig 
、  HOSTCC  scripts/basic/fixdep
  HOSTCC  scripts/kconfig/conf.o
 *** Unable to find the ncurses libraries or the
 *** required header files.
 *** 'make menuconfig' requires the ncurses libraries.
 *** 
 *** Install ncurses (ncurses-devel) and try again. 
 *** 
make[1]: *** [scripts/kconfig/dochecklxdialog] Error 1
make: *** [menuconfig] Error 2

使用yum源安装工具

[root@centos6 linux-3.16.45]# yum -y install ncurses-devel
Loaded plugins: fastestmirror, refresh-packagekit, security
Setting up Install Process
Loading mirror speeds from cached hostfile
 * base: mirrors.aliyun.com
 * extras: mirrors.aliyun.com
 * updates: mirrors.aliyun.com
Resolving Dependencies
--> Running transaction check
---> Package ncurses-devel.x86_64 0:5.7-4.20090207.el6 will be installed
--> Finished Dependency Resolution

Dependencies Resolved

=====================================================================================================================================
 Package                           Arch                       Version                                 Repository                Size
=====================================================================================================================================
Installing:
 ncurses-devel                     x86_64                     5.7-4.20090207.el6                      base                     641 k

Transaction Summary
=====================================================================================================================================
Install       1 Package(s)

Total download size: 641 k
Installed size: 1.7 M
Downloading Packages:
ncurses-devel-5.7-4.20090207.el6.x86_64.rpm                                                                   | 641 kB     00:00     
Running rpm_check_debug
Running Transaction Test
Transaction Test Succeeded
Running Transaction
  Installing : ncurses-devel-5.7-4.20090207.el6.x86_64                                                                           1/1 
  Verifying  : ncurses-devel-5.7-4.20090207.el6.x86_64                                                                           1/1 

Installed:
  ncurses-devel.x86_64 0:5.7-4.20090207.el6                                                                                          

Complete!

• 打开图形化工具[root@centos6 linux-3.16.45]# make menuconfig

General setup ---> ： 通用设置箭头表示子菜单

• 回车进入通用设置子菜单；定义内核的小版本设置好后使用tab键后按回车回到上级菜单

  
  
  

• 网络设置的子菜单

  
  
  

• 设置文件系统类型

  
  
  

• 设置编译时是否支持NTFS功能

进入后选中敲空格键

• 编译内核
  make [-j #]
• 安装内核模块
  make modules_install

• 拷贝内核文件
  make install

  
  
  
• 单独编译吗某个模块

• 删除编译生成的文件

• 卸载时删除安装时生成的目录

• 删除boot跟安装内核版本有关的所有文件，以及修改grub文件

• 删除/lib/modules/ 目录下不需要的内核库文件
• 删除解压目录下不需要的内核源码
• 删除/boot 目录下启动的内核和内核映像文件
• 更改grub的配置文件，删除不需要的内核启动列表