C/C++中volatile关键字详解

"Hey compiler, I'm volatile and, you know, I can be changed by some XYZ that you're not even aware of. That XYZ could be anything. Maybe some alien outside this planet called program. Maybe some lighting, some form of interrupt, volcanoes, etc can mutate me. Maybe. You never know who is going to change me! So O you ignorant, stop playing an all-knowing god, and don't dare touch the code where I'm present. Okay?"

volatile 关键字是一种类型修饰符，用它声明的类型变量表示可以被某些编译器未知的因素更改，比如：操作系统、硬件或者其它线程等。遇到这个关键字声明的变量，编译器对访问该变量的代码就不再进行优化，从而可以提供对特殊地址的稳定访问。声明时语法：int volatile vInt; 当要求使用 volatile 声明的变量的值的时候，系统总是重新从它所在的内存读取数据，即使它前面的指令刚刚从该处读取过数据。而且读取的数据立刻被保存。

1. 中断服务程序中修改的供其它程序检测的变量需要加volatile；

2. 多任务环境下各任务间共享的标志应该加volatile；
3. 存储器映射的硬件寄存器通常也要加volatile说明，因为每次对它的读写都可能由不同意义；

• reference
  Why do we use volatile keyword in C++? [duplicate]
  C/C++中volatile关键字详解