铜镜就是古代用铜做的镜子。在古代,铜镜与人们的日常生活有着密切关系,是人们不可缺少的生活用具。铜镜又是精美的工艺品。它制作精良,形态美观,图纹华丽,铭文丰富,是我国古代文化遗产中的瑰宝。它的质料包括金、银、铜、铁等,以铜最为多,也有镀金银的、背面包金银的、或镶嵌金银丝的。隋唐以来,还有带柄的、四方的,各种花纹应有尽有。
The mirror is made of bronze mirrors in ancient times. In ancient times, there is a close relationship between the mirror and the daily life of people, is an indispensable tool of life. The mirror is exquisite handicrafts. It is well produced, beautiful shape, gorgeous figure pattern, rich inscriptions, is the treasure of our ancient cultural heritage. Its materials, including gold, silver, copper, iron and so on, with the most of copper, there are also gold plated, silver, gold or silver, or mosaic of gold and silver wire. Sui and Tang Dynasties, and with a handle, square, all kinds of patterns.
西汉初期至武帝时期,铜镜逐渐厚重,纽多作半球形,或作柿蒂形。图案布局和纹路也有新的变化,主题纹饰素朴,图案结构简单,改变了战国时期那种严谨的细密风格。西汉晚期至东汉中期,规矩镜成为最精美的类型,纹饰以四神为主,图案有四神、动物、禽鸟及群邪、羽人之类,活泼生动。纹饰布局突破了"心对称"古样设计,出现了"轴对称"式新风格。而到宋代在经济和科学技术上有较大的进步,反映在铜镜工艺发展上又出现了一个高潮。但由于铜的产量所限,宋朝铜禁比较严,直接导致铜制品不多,精美的铜镜存世量就很稀少了。
The early Western Han Dynasty to Emperor Wu of Han Dynasty, bronze mirrors gradually thick, more new hemispherical or persimmon shape. The pattern and texture also have new changes, theme decoration simple pattern, simple structure, changes in the Warring States period that rigorous fine style. The late Western Han Dynasty to the mid Eastern Han Dynasty, the rules become the most exquisite mirror type, ornamentation to Sishen, patterns, animal, birds and Qunxie Sishen, feather like, lively. The layout of the pattern breaks through "the symmetry of the heart" and the new style of "axial symmetry". To the Song Dynasty in economy and science and technology has great progress, reflected in the mirror of technology development and the emergence of a climax. But due to the limited production of copper, the copper can directly lead to relatively strict, copper products are not many, the mirror exquisite is very rare.
此面铜镜直径 9 cm 厚 3 cm 极有时代特征。镜形为圆形,取圆满、团圆、吉祥之意。铜镜上的双鱼纹饰,均作旋转对称状,占据了整个镜背的空间。从纹饰造型看,多采取现实主义的手法。鱼张口鼓鳍,尾鳍翻折,大鳞片鳍。高浮雕的双鱼纹四周一般有动感强烈的水波纹,浪花团团,层叠有序;水面宁静;,以虚代水。双鱼前后左右装饰的浪花、使得两条头尾相接的鱼儿充满活力,更显亲热,生动地再现了双鱼在水中畅游的场景。水波纹较强的画面装饰作用使得双鱼纹镜图案更加的生动鲜活,生动地表现了双鱼在泛波的水流中浮游觅食的活泼状态。双鱼纹镜以其灵动的生活气息,高超的艺术审美情趣,精湛细腻的铸塑工艺,为中国古代铜镜文化增添了浓墨重彩的一笔,让世人为之赞叹不已。双鱼纹镜上的鱼纹,形象写实,丰满生动,并与水波纹、涟漪、水草配映一起,使画面洋溢着一股幸福、吉祥、欢乐的情趣,因而格外招人喜爱。双鱼纹铜镜更是世人祈求多子多孙的意愿表达。略有不足的是此面双鱼镜的纽扣已经去掉了,但其合适的尺寸,反而使其拥有更为广泛的用途,不在拘泥于装饰收藏。
The early Western Han Dynasty to Emperor Wu of Han Dynasty, bronze mirrors gradually thick, more new hemispherical or persimmon shape. The pattern and texture also have new changes, theme decoration simple pattern, simple structure, changes in the Warring States period that rigorous fine style. The late Western Han Dynasty to the mid Eastern Han Dynasty, the rules become the most exquisite mirror type, ornamentation to Sishen, patterns, animal, birds and Qunxie Sishen, feather like, lively. The layout of the pattern breaks through "the symmetry of the heart" and the new style of "axial symmetry". To the Song Dynasty in economy and science and technology has great progress, reflected in the mirror of technology development and the emergence of a climax. But due to the limited production of copper, the copper can directly lead to relatively strict, copper products are not many, the mirror exquisite is very rare.
铜镜目前市场价比较高,拍卖价值更高。而且升值空间很大,极具收藏价值,铜镜进入拍卖领域的时间并不短,但真正为收藏爱好者所了解是始于2004年初中国嘉德推出的铜镜专场,当时的全部拍品均为民国时期知名收藏家关祖章先生的旧藏。参拍的143面铜镜都以高于预期的价格顺利成交。其中唐代脱银庭院仕女游乐图铜镜以45.1万元的价位成交,成为了内地铜镜拍卖的最高价。此后,嘉德一直引领铜镜拍卖。2006年的嘉德春拍推出台湾藏家息斋藏镜及中国历代铜镜拍卖,共上拍铜镜168方,成交率57.74%,共97件,成交额490.68万元;2007年秋拍铜镜专场数量200件,成交额595.94万元。2009年春拍中隋唐十二生肖四神镜拍至112万元,秋拍中唐代海兽葡萄镜以268.8万元成交。2010年有5家拍卖公司举办铜镜专场,其中唐代海兽葡萄镜以700万元成交,打破了铜镜拍卖的纪录。
The early Western Han Dynasty to Emperor Wu of Han Dynasty, bronze mirrors gradually thick, more new hemispherical or persimmon shape. The pattern and texture also have new changes, theme decoration simple pattern, simple structure, changes in the Warring States period that rigorous fine style. The late Western Han Dynasty to the mid Eastern Han Dynasty, the rules become the most exquisite mirror type, ornamentation to Sishen, patterns, animal, birds and Qunxie Sishen, feather like, lively. The layout of the pattern breaks through "the symmetry of the heart" and the new style of "axial symmetry". To the Song Dynasty in economy and science and technology has great progress, reflected in the mirror of technology development and the emergence of a climax. But due to the limited production of copper, the copper can directly lead to relatively strict, copper products are not many, the mirror exquisite is very rare.
铜镜本身是一种工艺美术品,镜子的背面一般都铸有精美的纹饰或文字,这些纹饰的图案造型与铭文,往往浓缩了各历史时期的社会思想观念与审美情趣,它制作精细,既体现了较高的工艺制作技术水平,又具有很高的艺术价值。
The mirror itself is a kind of Arts and crafts, the back of the mirror is generally cast with exquisite ornamentation or text, the decoration pattern and inscriptions, often concentrated in different historical periods of social ideology and aesthetic taste, it embodies the production of fine, high production technology level, and has a very high art value.
青铜镜被使用了近4,000年,它已经超越了日常生活中照面饰容的用途,深深融入了我们的社会生活和文化意识,譬如人们常说的「破镜重圆」、「明镜高悬」、「以史为鉴」(古书「鉴」与「镜」常互通)等等,都反映出铜镜文化已经成为中国文化的一个组成部分。更使铜镜收藏持续升温,为世人所喜爱。
The bronze mirror was used for almost 4000 years, it has gone beyond the use of daily life in the face decoration, deeply rooted in social and cultural life of our consciousness, such as people often say "a broken mirror joined together" and "an honest official" and "history" ("ancient Kam" and "mirror" and so on, are often exchange) the mirror reflects the culture has become an integral part of Chinese culture. The bronze mirror collection continues to heat up, for the people of the world love.