高考中的强调句型

【高考考例】Why! I have nothing to confess. _____ you want me to say?

A. What is it that

B. What it is that

C. How is it that

D. How it is that

【答案】A

【解析】本题考查考生对强调句型这一特殊结构的运用能力。做选择时要注意两点：用疑问语序；特殊疑问词充当say的宾语，必须使用代词what。

强调句型是高中语法教学的一项重要内容，也是教学中的一个难点。在这几年的高考中，强调句型是一个常考项目。它的陈述句型构成是：It is (was) + 被强调部分(主语、宾语、宾语补足语或状语) + that (who) +句子的其余部分，一般疑问句构成是：Is/Was it+被强调部分+that/who+句子的其余部分? 特殊疑问句构成是：特殊疑问词 + is / was it + 被强调部分 + that / who + 句子的其余部分?

强调句型可以强调除谓语动词以外的任何句子成份。一般说来，如果被强调部分是人时，可用连词that或who；如果被强调部分是物时，只能用连词that。例如：

What is it that Hawking does not like about his speech computer? 霍金对他的语音电脑不满意的地方是什么呢？(强调疑问词，用特殊疑问句型)

It was playing computer games that cost the boy a lot of time he ought to have spent on his lessons. 玩电脑游戏用掉了这个孩子本来应该花在功课上的时间。(强调主语，that / who后面的谓语动词必须和主语在人称和数上保持一致)

It was not until he entered the classroom that he realized that he had forgotten to do the homework. 直到走进教室，他才意识到忘了做作业。（当被强调的是not...until句型时，应将not置于until之前，主句由否定句改为肯定句）

We were told that it was in that very room that the Republicans held the important meeting.

It is during his spare time that Tom has been studying the situation for several months. （强调时间、地点、原因状语时，通常只使用that，而不能使用when，where，why）

It was I who was to blame. 该受责备的人是我。（强调主语或宾语且其为人称代词时，应注意其形式仍用主格或宾格形式）

注意：如果被强调的是谓语动词，则不用上述句型，而是在动词之前加do，或did，或does。例如：

She does get up very early every morning.她确实每天起得很早。