Day-11补充阅读 Clean energy’s dirty secret
Wind and solar power aredisrupting electricity systems
有以下几方面的解决或者缓解措施：
1.技术问题技术解决：
1)大力推进更加先进、高效、低成本的可再生能源发电技术，如：C7太阳能光伏发电技术；垂直轴风力发电技术；联讯光热发电技术等
2)风光储互补的集群式微电网技术。集群与主网电量交换频次结论：根据建模仿真分析数据结果，对集群与主网电力平衡分析，进一步研究集群运行与主网运行电力交换情况。
3)先进电解水制氢及其他相关技术
2.可再生能源配额制的：其核心是以市场分配手段降低成本，实现更有效率的可再生能源发展模式。可再生能源配额制的建立，不仅有利于降低政府管理成本，更好地营造公平竞争的市场机制；也将更好地体现可再生能源电力的外部价值，为各类可再生能源发电提供了销售渠道，降低了可再生能源发电的成本；并实现扩大可再生能源电力规模的目的，为电力用户提供更多的绿色电力产品。
单词整理：
1.turbine
英[ˈtɜ:baɪn]美[ˈtɜrbaɪn]
n.涡轮机；汽轮机；透平机
2. peripheral
英[pəˈrɪfərəl]美[pəˈrɪfərəl]
1-ADJ-GRADED无关紧要的；次要的
Aperipheral activity or issue is one which is not very important compared withother activities or issues.
Companiesare increasingly keen to contract out peripheral activities like training...
公司越来越倾向于把像培训这样的非核心业务外包出去。
...peripheraland boring information...
无关紧要的无聊信息
2-ADJ周围的；边缘的
Peripheralareas of land are ones which are on the edge of a larger area.
...peripheralregions beyond the reach of powerful rulers.
强大的统治者势力范围之外的边缘地区
...urbandevelopment in the outer peripheral areas of large towns.
大城市外围地区的城市开发
3-N-COUNT（计算机）外围设备，外部设备
Peripheralsare devices that can be attached to computers.
...peripheralsto expand the use of our computers.
扩展计算机用途的外围设备
...peripheral products for the basic computer.
普通电脑的外围设备
3. far-fetched
ADJ-GRADED穿凿附会的;不切实际的;牵强的
Ifyou describe a story or idea as far-fetched, you are criticizing it because youthink it is unlikely to be true or practical.
Thestoryline was too far-fetched and none of the actors was particularly good.
故事情节太离谱，演员表演也没有出彩的。
Youwon't credit her far - fetched story.
你不会相信她胡扯的话的.
4. belch
smog-belching
1-VERB打嗝
Ifsomeone belches, they make a sudden noise in their throat because air has risenup from their stomach.
Garlandcovered his mouth with his hand and belched discreetly.
加兰用手掩住嘴巴，小心地打了一个嗝。
2-V-ERG喷出，冒出（烟、火等）；（烟、火等）喷出，冒出
Ifa machine or chimney belches something such as smoke or fire or if smoke orfire belches from it, large amounts of smoke or fire come from it.
Tiredold trucks were struggling up the road below us, belching black smoke...
破旧的卡车冒着黑烟艰难地沿着我们下方的公路往上爬。
Suddenly,clouds of steam started to belch from the engine.
突然，滚滚蒸汽从发动机里冒了出来。
5. brake
1-N-COUNT制动器；刹车；车闸
Brakesare devices in a vehicle that make it go slower or stop.
Thebrakes began locking...
制动器开始锁定。
Aseagull swooped down in front of her car, causing her to slam on the brakes.
一只海鸥突然扑到她的车前，她急忙猛踩刹车。
2-VERB刹车；用刹车使（车）减速；刹住（车）
Whena vehicle or its driver brakes, or when a driver brakes a vehicle, the drivermakes it slow down or stop by using the brakes.
Heheard tires squeal as the car braked to avoid a collision...
为避免相撞而刹车时，他听到了轮胎与地面刺耳的摩擦声。
Shebraked sharply to avoid another car...
她为了躲另一辆车而紧急刹车。
3-N-COUNT抑制因素；约束
Youcan use brake in a number of expressions to indicate that something has sloweddown or stopped.
Illnesshad put a brake on his progress...
疾病使他的进展放缓。
Youcan take the financial brakes off in June.
6月份可以放开金融管制。
put the brakes on
Newlegislation will put the brakes on spending.
新的法规将会限制开支.
Theeconomy can no longer develop this way, they have to put the brakes on.
经济再不能这么发展下去,他们不得不紧缩整个经济.
6.cut back
1-剪〔裁,缩〕短
Thegardener cut back all the bushes.
园工把所有的灌木丛都剪短了。
TheAmericans cut back the word “catalogue” and it became “catalog”.
美国人把catalogue这个词加以缩短,成了catalog。
Thiskind of word has been cut back to save space.
这类词被缩短了,以便节省篇幅。
2-减少,削减
Wemust cut back our expenses.
我们必须削减开支。
Wemust cut back on expenditure in order to remain solvent.
我们应减少开支,以备急用。
3-急转方向;迅速返回
Wecut back into the pinewoods and hid there till it was dark.
我们急忙返回松林躲起来直到天黑。
4-追述,倒叙
Thescript cuts back to the old hero's childhood.
剧本倒叙了老英雄的童年。
7.at its heart其核心、本质上
Eachrelationship has at its heart, a holy purpose.
每一个关系的核心都有一个神圣的目的.
Curiosityis at its heart alive for life and everything in it.
好奇心的核心是对生命及生命中的一切事物的热爱.
Atits heart, however, is China.
但问题的关键是中国.
8. onwards
Themost important thing now is to move onwards.
现在至关重要的是要继续向前推进。
Ican see things just going onwards and upwards for us now.
我认为从现在起我们的境况只会越来越好。
Theylived there from the 1980s onwards.
他们从1980年代起一直住在那里。
9.privatise
['praɪvətaɪz]
Someacademics fret that the secret aim is to privatise universities.
一些学者不快地称其秘密目的是将大学私人化.
Thegovernment can take the opportunity to privatise more moribund state companies.
中国政府可以抓住这个机会,将更多奄奄一息的国有企业私有化.
10. splurge
英[splɜ:dʒ]美[splɜrdʒ]
VERB挥霍
Ifyou splurge on something, you spend a lot of money, usually on things that youdo not need.
Wesplurged on Bohemian glass for gifts, and for ourselves.
我们花了很多钱买波希米亚玻璃制品送人和自用。
I'mconfident that there's enough in the bank for a splurge on a great pair ofshoes.
我相信，银行里存有足够的钱能让我破费一回买双好鞋。
Thevictory meeting should be one without any splurge.
庆功会应该开成一个毫不炫耀摆阔的会.
11. distort
1-VERB歪曲;扭曲;曲解
Ifyou distort a statement, fact, or idea, you report or represent it in an untrueway.
Themedia distorts reality; categorises people as all good or all bad...
媒体会歪曲事实，将人说得不是完美无缺就是一无是处。
Theminister has said his remarks at the weekend have been distorted.
部长说他周末的讲话被曲解了。
2-V-ERG
(使）变形;(使)失真
Ifsomething you can see or hear is distorted or distorts, its appearance or soundis changed so that it seems unclear.
Apainter may exaggerate or distort shapes and forms...
画家可能会对线条和形状进行夸大或扭曲。
Hissize was persistently distorted by the cartoonists...
漫画家们总是把他画得变形了。
12. counter
1-N-COUNT
(商店或酒吧的)柜台
Ina place such as a shop or café a counter is a long narrow table or flat surfaceat which customers are served.
...thosefellows we see working behind the counter at our local video rental store.
我们见到在我们当地录像带出租店里做店员的那些人
...thecosmetics counter...
化妆品柜台
2-VERB抵制;抵消
Ifyou do something to counter a particular action or process, you do somethingwhich has an opposite effect to it or makes it less effective.
Theleadership discussed a plan of economic measures to counter the effects of sucha blockade...
领导层讨论了计划采取的一揽子经济措施，以减轻这一封锁带来的影响。
Congestioncould be countered by persuading more drivers to get on their bikes...
通过劝说更多的驾车者改骑自行车可以缓解交通拥堵。
3-N-SING（…的）对立面;（与…）相对的事物
Somethingthat is a counter to something else has an opposite effect to it or makes itless effective.
...NATO'straditional role as a counter to the military might of the Warsaw pact.
北约作为与华沙公约军事力量相抗衡的传统角色
4-VERB反驳;驳斥
Ifyou counter something that someone has said, you say something which shows thatyou disagree with them or which proves that they are wrong.
Bothof them had to counter fierce criticism...
他们两个人都不得不对尖锐的批评进行反击。
Theunion countered with letters rebutting the company's claims...
工会写信驳回了公司的要求。
5-N-COUNT
(机械或电子)计数器，计算器
Acounter is a mechanical or electronic device which keeps a count of somethingand displays the total.
...ananswerphone with an LED display call counter.
带发光二极管来电显示屏的电话答录机
6-N-COUNT
(棋盘游戏的)筹码
Acounter is a small, flat, round object used in board games.
7-PHRASE
(买药)不用处方地
Ifa medicine can be bought over the counter, you do not need a prescription tobuy it.
Areyou taking any other medicines whether on prescription or bought over thecounter?
你在服用其他什么处方药或非处方药吗？
...basicover-the-counter remedies.
基本的非处方药物
8-PHRASE
(股票)场外交易的，不通过交易所买卖的
Over-the-countershares are bought and sold directly rather than on a stock exchange.
9-PHRASE与…相对;与…冲突
Ifone thing runs counter to another, or if one thing is counter to another, thefirst thing is the opposite of the second thing or conflicts with it.
Muchof the plan runs counter to European agriculture and environmental policy...
该计划的很多内容与欧洲农业及环境方面的政策相冲突。
Thefinding ran counter to all expectations.
该发现出乎所有人的预料。
10-PHRASE秘密地，暗地里，非法地(销售商品)
Ifsomeone buys or sells goods under the counter, they buy or sell them secretlyand illegally.
Thesmugglers allegedly sold the gold under the counter, cheating the VAT man outof £5 million.
据说走私者暗地销售黄金，偷逃增值税达500万英镑。
13.prime
1-ADJ主要的；首要的；最为重要的
Youuse prime to describe something that is most important in a situation.
Politicalstability, meanwhile, will be a prime concern...
同时，政治稳定性将放在首位。
Itcould be a prime target for guerrilla attack...
这可能是游击队进攻的主要目标。
2-ADJ优质的；一流的；上等的；最好的
Youuse prime to describe something that is of the best possible quality.
Itwas one of the City's prime sites, near the Stock Exchange.
这是伦敦最好的地段之一，离证券交易所很近。
3-ADJ最典型的；最有代表性的
Youuse prime to describe an example of a particular kind of thing that isabsolutely typical.
Theprime example is Macy's, once the undisputed king of California retailers.
最典型的例子是梅西百货，它曾经是加利福尼亚无可争辩的零售巨头。
4-N-UNCOUNT全盛时期；最活跃时期；最成功时期
Ifsomeone or something is in their prime, they are at the stage in theirexistence when they are at their strongest, most active, or most successful.
MaybeI'm just coming into my prime now...
也许我现在正要步入事业辉煌期。
Shewas in her intellectual prime...
在智力上，她正处于壮年。
5-VERB事先指点；使做好准备
Ifyou prime someone to do something, you prepare them to do it, for example bygiving them information about it beforehand.
Clairewished she'd primed Sarah beforehand...
克莱尔真希望她事先指点过萨拉。
Arnoldprimed her for her duties...
阿诺德事先让她熟悉了自己的任务。
6-VERB把（炸弹、枪支）装好
Ifsomeone primes a bomb or a gun, they prepare it so that it is ready to explodeor fire.
Hewas priming the bomb to go off in an hour's time...
他正在装炸弹，设定为在一个小时之内爆炸。
Tomkeeps a primed 10-foot shotgun in his office.
汤姆在办公室放了一支装了子弹的10英尺长的猎枪。
14. stagnate
英[stægˈneɪt]美[ˈstægneɪt]
VERB停滞不前;不发展;无变化
Ifsomething such as a business or society stagnates, it stops changing orprogressing.
Industrialproduction is stagnating...
工业生产正停滞不前。
Hiscareer had stagnated.
他的事业已经陷入停滞。
Wherethe masses are not roused, work will stagnate.
哪里不发动群众,哪里的工作就死气沉沉.
Ifyou allow your mind to stagnate, this particular talent will atrophy.
如果你老不用脑，那么这一特殊才能就会退化。
15. slash
英[slæʃ]美[slæʃ]
1-VERB割破;在…上留下深长的切口
Ifyou slash something, you make a long, deep cut in it.
Hecame within two minutes of bleeding to death after slashing his wrists.
若再晚两分钟割腕的他就会因失血过多而死。
2-VERB挥砍;劈
Ifyou slash at a person or thing, you quickly hit at them with something such asa knife.
Heslashed at her, aiming carefully.
他仔细地瞄准她劈了过去。
3-VERB大量削减
Toslash something such as costs or jobs means to reduce them by a large amount.
Carmakers could be forced to slash prices after being accused of overchargingyesterday...
昨天被指控要价太高之后，汽车生产商可能会被迫大幅度降价。
Everyoneagrees that subsidies have to be slashed.
所有人都同意必须大幅度削减补贴。
4-斜线号
Yousay slash to refer to a sloping line that separates letters, words, or numbers.For example, if you are giving the number 340/2/K you say 'Three four zero,slash two, slash K.'
16. vagary
英['veɪgərɪ]美[ˈveɡəri, vəˈɡɛri]
n.奇想，奇特行为；异想天开；怪异多变
N-COUNT出乎意料的变化;难以预测的转变
Vagariesare unexpected and unpredictable changes in a situation or in someone'sbehaviour which you have no control over.
Itake an assortment of clothes on holiday, as a provision against the vagariesof the weather.
我带了各种衣服去度假，以防天气突变。
...theperplexing vagaries of politics.
复杂难解、变幻莫测的政坛风云
17.kick in
1-PHRASAL
VERB开始生效；起作用
Ifsomething kicks in, it begins to take effect.
Asdiscounts kicked in, bookings for immediate travel rose by 15%...
由于开始实行打折，近期旅行的预订量上升了15%。
Whenyou're confronted with the problem, emotions kick in, fear kicks in, and youdon't always do the rational and thought-out approach.
当面临这个问题时，人会变得情绪激动、恐惧不安，你不一定总能采取理性且慎重的方法。
2-PHRASAL
VERB捐献；捐助
Ifsomeone kicks in a particular amount of money, they provide that amount ofmoney to help pay for something.
KansasCity area churches kicked in $35,000 to support the event...
堪萨斯城地区的教会为此事捐助了35,000美元。
Tokeep it going, Lenoire kicked in her own earnings from acting.
为了使它继续下去，勒努瓦捐出了自己演戏挣的钱。
18. stranded
adj.处于困境的；
v.使滞留，使搁浅(strand的过去式和过去分词)
strand
1-N-COUNT
(头发、电线或纱线等的)股，缕
Astrand of something such as hair, wire, or thread is a single thin piece of it.
Shetried to blow a gray strand of hair from her eyes.
她竭力想把眼前的一缕白发吹开。
...highfences, topped by strands of barbed-wire...
顶部装有一束束带刺铁丝的高围栏
2-N-COUNT
(计划或理论的)部分，方面
Astrand of a plan or theory is a part of it.
Therehad been two strands to his tactics...
他的策略分两个部分。
He'strying to bring together various strands of radical philosophic thought.
他正试图把各种激进的哲学思想综合在一起。
3-VERB
(坏天气等)使滞留，使搁浅
Ifyou are stranded, you are prevented from leaving a place, for example becauseof bad weather.
Theclimbers had been stranded by a storm...
登山者被暴风雨困住了。
Theairport had to be closed, stranding tourists.
机场被迫关闭，造成游客滞留。
19.with an abundance of
Curvedrawing class, with an abundance of settings, has practical value.
曲线绘制类,具有比较丰富设置,具有实用价值.
ActuallyByron has enriched European poetry with an abundance of ideas images, artisticforms and innovations.
拜伦以丰富的思想,想像力,艺术形式和创新欧洲的诗歌得到了发展.
20.curtail
英[kɜ:ˈteɪl]美[kɜrˈteɪl]
VERB缩短;减缩;限制
Ifyou curtail something, you reduce or limit it.
NATOplans to curtail the number of troops being sent to the region...
北约计划缩减派往该地区的士兵数量。
Itold Louie that old age would curtail her activities in time...
我告诉路易，一上年纪她的活动量就会减少。
21. corollary
英[kəˈrɒləri]美[ˈkɔrəleri]
N-COUNT必然的想法(或结果);直接推论
Acorollary of something is an idea, argument, or fact that results directly fromit.
Thenumber of prisoners increased as a corollary of the government's determinationto combat violent crime.
政府决心打击暴力犯罪，直接导致了囚犯数量的增多。
22.alleviate
VERB减轻，缓解（痛苦等）
Ifyou alleviate pain, suffering, or an unpleasant condition, you make it lessintense or severe.
Nowadays,a great deal can be done to alleviate back pain.
如今，减轻背部疼痛可以有许多方法。
...theproblem of alleviating mass poverty.
摆脱普遍贫困的难题
23. blackouts
1-N-COUNT（战时）灯火管制期
Ablackout is a period of time during a war in which towns and buildings are madedark so that they cannot be seen by enemy planes.
...blackoutcurtains.
遮光幕帘
2-N-COUNT（新闻等的）禁播，封锁，禁止出版
Ifa blackout is imposed on a particular piece of news, journalists are preventedfrom broadcasting or publishing it.
...amedia blackout imposed by the Imperial Palace...
皇宫施行的新闻封锁
Journalistssaid there was a virtual news blackout about the rally.
记者们说有关这场集会的新闻实际上被封锁了。
3-N-COUNT停电；断电
Ifthere is a power blackout, the electricity supply to a place is temporarily cutoff.
Therewas an electricity black-out in a large area in the north of the country.
该国北部大片地区断电。
4-N-COUNT晕厥；暂时昏迷
Ifyou have a blackout, you temporarily lose consciousness.
Isuffered a black-out which lasted for several minutes.
我昏迷了几分钟。
24. notwithstanding
Hedespised William Pitt, notwithstanding the similar views they both held.
尽管他和威廉·皮特看法相似，却瞧不起他。
Hisrelations with colleagues, differences of opinion notwithstanding, wereunfailingly friendly.
尽管有意见分歧，他和同事们一直关系融洽。
Notwithstandingsome major financial problems, the school has had a successful year.
虽然有些重大的经费问题，这所学校一年来还是很成功。
25.smooth out
PHRASAL
VERB (尤指通过协商)消除，解决
Ifyou smooth out a problem or difficulty, you solve it, especially by talking tothe people concerned.
Bakerwas smoothing out differences with European allies...
贝克正在努力消除同欧洲盟国之间的分歧。
It'sO.K. I smoothed things out.
没事，我已经把事儿摆平了。