【Day 11】单词梳理
1.mound
noun
- a large pile of earth or stones; a small hill 小山丘， 土丘
e.g. The castle was built on top of a natural grassy mound.
- a pile 一堆
e.g. a small mound of rice/sand
- heap 许多，大量
e.g. I've got a mound of paperwork to do.
2.debut
noun
- the first public appearance of a performer or sports player 首次亮相，初次登台
e.g. He will make his debut for the first team this week.
the band’s debut album
3.push back
- to make the time or date of a meeting, etc. later than originally planned 推迟，延迟
e.g. The start of the game was pushed back from 2 p.m. to 4 p.m.
4.intrigue
verb
- to make somebody very interested and want to know more about something 激起兴趣，引发好奇心
e.g. There was something about him that intrigued her.
- to secretly plan with other people to harm somebody 秘密谋划，密谋
noun
- the activity of making secret plans in order to achieve an aim, often by tricking people密谋
e.g. The young heroine steps into a web of intrigue in the academic world.
- a secret plan or relationship, especially one which involves somebody else being tricked阴谋诡计
e.g. I soon learnt about all the intrigues and scandals that went on in the little town.
intriguing : adj, very interesting;非常有趣的，引人入胜的
e.g. These discoveries raised intriguing questions.
5.swathe
noun
- a long strip of land, especially one on which the plants or crops have been cut一长条田地
e.g. The combine had cut a swathe around the edge of the field.
- a large strip or area of something 一长条，一长片
e.g. The mountains rose above a swathe of thick cloud. 云海
verb
- to wrap or cover somebody/something in something包裹，覆盖
e.g. He was lying on the hospital bed, swathed in bandages.
6.contend
verb
- to say that something is true, especially in an argument 声称，主张，认为
= maintain
e.g. I would contend that the minister's thinking is flawed on this point.
- to compete against somebody in order to gain something 竞争，争夺
e.g. Three armed groups were contending for power.
7.vent
noun
- an opening that allows air, gas or liquid to pass out of or into a room, building, container, etc.通风口，排气口
- the opening in the body of a bird, fish,reptile or other small animal, through which waste matter is passed out肛门
- a long thin opening at the bottom of the back or side of a coat or jacket 开衩，背衩
verb
- to express feelings, especially anger, strongly表达，发泄
e.g. He vented his anger on the referee.
8.spurt up
喷射，迸出
9.microbe
an extremely small living thing that you can only see under a microscope and that may cause disease 微生物，细菌
10.remnant
noun
- a part of something that is left after the other parts have been used, removed, destroyed, etc.残余部分，剩余部分
= remains
e.g. Many of the traditions are remnants of a time when most people worked on the land.
- a small piece of cloth that is left when the rest has been sold 零头，零料，布料
11.cradle
noun
- a small bed for a baby which can be pushed gently from side to side摇篮
e.g. She rocked the baby to sleep in its cradle.
- the place where something important began 发源地
e.g. Greece, the cradle of Western civilization
- a small platform that can be moved up and down the outside of a high building, used by people cleaning windows, etc.吊架，吊篮
- the part of a telephone on which the receiver rests 电话的听筒架
verb
- to hold somebody/something gently in your arms or hands 轻轻抱着
e.g.The old man cradled the tiny baby in his arms.
12.scrutiny
noun
- careful and thorough examination 仔细彻底检查
e.g. Her argument doesn't really stand up to scrutiny.
13.food chains of such ecosystem
生态系统食物链
14.crust
noun
- the hard outer surface of bread 面包皮
e.g. sandwiches with the crusts cut off
- a layer of pastry, especially on top of a pie 糕饼，酥皮
e.g. Bake until the crust is golden.
- a hard layer or surface, especially above or around something soft or liquid 硬层，硬表面
e.g.a thin crust of ice
15.one-off
adj
- made or happening only once and not regularly 一次性的，非经常的
e.g. a one-off payment.
【Day 12】翻译&逻辑导图
翻译
1.The team contends that thesebear more than a passing resemblanceto the networks of bacteria that live in hydrothermal vents--towering, crenellated structures that form in the deep ocean above the boundaries between tectonic plates, where superheated mineral-laden water spurts up from beneath the seabed.
团队争辩称，这些结果不仅仅意味着与生活在深海热泉的细菌丝的相似之处，深海热泉是一种形成在地质板块交界处的深海中的高耸的堆叠结构，在这里装载着矿物质的过热水从海底喷涌而出。
2.Such a find isdoubly intriguingbecause hydrothermal vents are seen asa plausible candidatefor the cradle of life.
这样的发现更加引起了人们的兴趣，因为深海热泉学说是一种关于生命的起源的可信说法。
3.Although the sorts of bacteria apparently found by Dr. Papineau and his colleagues aretoo complicated to revealmuch about the very earliest organisms, the suggestion that hydrothermal vents have played host to life for so long is a strike in the theory’s favor.
尽管帕皮诺博士和他的同事发现的这种微生物太过复杂，还不能揭示太多最早的生物体的形成信息，但关于深海热泉扮演生命的孕育环境如此久远的理论也震惊了整个理论界。
思维导图
【Day 13】小结
生命的起源一直是一个众说纷纭的问题，第一天读这篇文章，简直一脸懵逼。第二天补了一点背景知识，关于深海热泉学说，真是学到了很多。
https://www.zhihu.com/question/36821220?from=groupmessage&isappinstalled=1
文章其实就是在说Papineau博士和他的团队发现的新的化石。根据这种奇怪的化石推测它的年代在38~43亿年前。他认为他的奇特的纹理结构和小结有可能证明了那个时代生物的形成。然后他将化石样本交给他的博士学生MatthewDodd研究，结果在化石中发现了一些赤铁矿形成的立方孔洞。之后他们觉得填充这些孔洞的丝状结构类似生活在深海热泉的生物，因而根据深海热泉学说推测生命的起源可能在这个化石的年代。
这些学说也改变了很多固有的理论，比如生命的起源是依赖阳光的，最初是光合作用制造了生命所需的能量，但是深海热泉的生物并没有阳光，他们依赖的是化能作用。
生命之源是个很难解决的问题，也是个永恒的问题……在逐渐的探索中，发现其涉及的东西越来越多越来越复杂，证据越来越模糊，也需要人类更深入的探索吧，需要不同领域的专家共同努力……