1、安装模块:
在Windows 上,不需要安装其他模块。
在OS X 上,运行sudo pip3 install pyobjc-framework-Quartz,sudo pip3 install
pyobjc-core,然后sudo pip3 install pyobjc。
在Linux 上,运行sudo pip3 install python3-xlib,sudo apt-get install scrot,sudo
apt-get install python3-tk,以及sudo apt-get install python3-dev(Scrot 是
PyAutoGUI 使用的屏幕快照程序)。
在这些依赖安装后,运行pip install pyautogu(i 或在OS X和Linux上运行pip3),
安装pyautogui。
2、pyautogui执行时,如果鼠标移到屏幕左上角,将导致pyautogui产生pyautogui.FailSafeException异常。如果设置FAILSAEF=False将禁止这项功能。
import pyautogui
pyautogui.PAUSE = 1
pyautogui.FAILSAFE = True
这里我们导入pyautogui,并将pyautogui.PAUSE 设置为1,即每次函数调用后
暂停一秒。将pyautogui.FAILSAFE 设置为True,启动自动防故障功能。
获取屏幕分辨率
import pyautogui
pyautogui.size()
(1920, 1080)
width, height = pyautogui.size()
移动鼠标,moveTo,duration指定移动的时间
import pyautogui
for i in range(10):
pyautogui.moveTo(100, 100, duration=0.25)
pyautogui.moveTo(200, 100, duration=0.25)
pyautogui.moveTo(200, 200, duration=0.25)
pyautogui.moveTo(100, 200, duration=0.25)
从当前位置移动鼠标moveRel
import pyautogui
for i in range(10):
pyautogui.moveRel(100, 0, duration=0.25)
pyautogui.moveRel(0, 100, duration=0.25)
pyautogui.moveRel(-100, 0, duration=0.25)
pyautogui.moveRel(0, -100, duration=0.25)
获取鼠标位置:pyautogui.position()
3、实时显示鼠标当前位置:
import pyautogui
print('Press Ctrl-C to quit.')
try:
while True:
# Get and print the mouse coordinates.
x, y = pyautogui.position()
positionStr = 'X: ' + str(x).rjust(4) + ' Y: ' + str(y).rjust(4)
print(positionStr, end='')
print('\b' * len(positionStr), end='', flush=True)
except KeyboardInterrupt:
print('\nDone.')
点击鼠标左键:pyautogui.click(100,150,button='left')
pyautogui.click(200,250,button='right')
pyautogui. mouseDown(),pyautogui.mouseUp(),
pyautogui.doubleClick()双击鼠标左键
pyautogui.rightClick() 和pyautogui.middleClick() 右键和中建双击
拖动鼠标:
import pyautogui, time
time.sleep(5)
pyautogui.click() # click to put drawing program in focus
distance = 200
while distance > 0:
pyautogui.dragRel(distance, 0, duration=0.2) # move right
distance = distance - 5
pyautogui.dragRel(0, distance, duration=0.2) # move down
pyautogui.dragRel(-distance, 0, duration=0.2) # move left
distance = distance - 5
pyautogui.dragRel(0, -distance, duration=0.2) # move up
pyautogui.scroll(200) 滚动鼠标
屏幕快照:
import pyautogui
im = pyautogui.screenshot()
im.getpixel((0, 0))
(176, 176, 175)
im.getpixel((50, 200))
(130, 135, 144)
像素比较:pyautogui.pixelMatchesColor(50, 200, (130, 135, 144))
实时显示鼠标位置和像素:
import pyautogui
print('Press Ctrl-C to quit.')
try:
while True:
# Get and print the mouse coordinates.
x, y = pyautogui.position()
positionStr = 'X: ' + str(x).rjust(4) + ' Y: ' + str(y).rjust(4)
pixelColor = pyautogui.screenshot().getpixel((x, y))
positionStr += ' RGB: (' + str(pixelColor[0]).rjust(3)
positionStr += ', ' + str(pixelColor[1]).rjust(3)
positionStr += ', ' + str(pixelColor[2]).rjust(3) + ')'
print(positionStr, end='')
print('\b' * len(positionStr), end='', flush=True)
except KeyboardInterrupt:
print('\nDone.')
获取图像位置:locateOnScreen
import pyautogui
pyautogui.locateOnScreen('submit.png')
(643, 745, 70, 29)
list(pyautogui.locateAllOnScreen('submit.png'))
[(643, 745, 70, 29), (1007, 801, 70, 29)]
获取中心坐标:center
pyautogui.locateOnScreen('submit.png')
(643, 745, 70, 29)
pyautogui.center((643, 745, 70, 29))
(678, 759)
pyautogui.click((678, 759))
打字:typewrite
pyautogui.click(100, 100); pyautogui.typewrite('Hello world!')
pyautogui.typewrite(['a', 'b', 'left', 'left', 'X', 'Y'])
typewrite键列表
'a', 'b', 'c', 'A', 'B', 'C', '1', '2', '3',
'!', '@', '#',等等
单个字符的键
'enter'(or 'return' or '\n') 回车键
'esc' Esc 键
'shiftleft', 'shiftright' 左右Shift 键
'altleft', 'altright' 左右Alt 键
'ctrlleft', 'ctrlright' 左右Ctrl 键
'tab'(or '\t') Tab 键
'backspace', 'delete' Backspace 和Delete 键
'pageup', 'pagedown' Page Up 和Page Down 键
'home', 'end' Home 和End 键
'up', 'down', 'left', 'right' 上下左右箭头键
'f1', 'f2', 'f3',等等 F1 至F12 键
'volumemute', 'volumedown', 'volumeup'
静音、减小音量、放大音量键(有些键盘没有这些键,但你
的操作系统仍能理解这些模拟的按键)
'pause' Pause 键
'capslock', 'numlock', 'scrolllock' Caps Lock,Num Lock 和Scroll Lock 键
'insert' Ins 或Insert 键
'printscreen' Prtsc 或Print Screen 键
'winleft', 'winright' 左右Win 键(在Windows 上)
'command' Command 键(在OS X 上)
'option' Option 键(在OS X 上)
按下键
pyautogui.keyDown() 和pyautogui.keyUp()
组合键
pyautogui.keyDown('shift'); pyautogui.press('4'); pyautogui.keyUp('shift')
热键组合:Hotkey
pyautogui.hotkey('ctrl', 'c')