遗传对儿童的影响[中英对照]

1、Some of the anatomical and physiological features of human beings, especially those of the central nervous system, play a major role in the development of human psychology and intellectual development. For example, since the birth of the child, the type of high-level neurological activity shows a natural difference. You can observe the children who have just been born for a few days in the delivery room. Some are quieter and easy to fall asleep: some are more lively, hands and feet move: some are anxious, crying. Although these natural neural types can be changed in the living conditions of the day after tomorrow. However, we have to consider these factors when we train our children in mental training and intellectual development.

人类的一些解剖学和生理学特征，特别是中枢神经系统的特征，在人类心理学和智力发展的发展中起着重要作用。例如，自孩子出生以来，高水平神经活动的类型显示出自然的差异。您可以在产房中观察刚刚出生几天的孩子。有些人更安静，更容易入睡：有些人更活泼，手脚动起来：有些人焦虑，哭泣。虽然这些天然神经类型可以在后天的生活条件中改变。但是，当我们训练孩子进行心理训练和智力发展时，我们必须考虑这些因素。

2、 Scientists have found that many genetic diseases are the direct cause of mental retardation in children. For example, there is a "trichromosomal disease" in which a chromosome is added to the 21st chromosome in the genetic process, so that the child has physical and intellectual defects in his life, also called "congenital stupid" (large About 1/650 of the newborns). There is also a "phenylketonuria", because in the genetic process, human blood lacks an enzyme that can decompose phenylpyruvate, which damages the central nervous system of the human body and causes mental retardation in children. However, if the disease is detected early, before the age of 6 years, through diet therapy (reducing phenylpyruvate through diet), intelligence can be restored to normal (current medical development has been able to diagnose and treat certain congenital diseases).

科学家发现许多遗传性疾病是儿童智力迟​​钝的直接原因。例如，有一种“染色体病”，其中染色体在遗传过程中被添加到第21染色体，因此孩子的生命中存在身体和智力上的缺陷，也被称为“先天性愚蠢”（大约1/650）新生儿）。还存在“苯丙酮尿症”，因为在遗传过程中，人体血液缺乏可以分解苯丙酮酸的酶，其破坏人体的中枢神经系统并导致儿童智力迟​​钝。然而，如果早在6岁之前检测到疾病，通过饮食疗法（通过饮食减少苯丙酮酸），智力可以恢复正常（目前的医学发展已经能够诊断和治疗某些先天性疾病）。

3、 Foreign scientists have shown through twin studies that the twins with the same genetic factors have similar levels in terms of thinking ability, memory ability, language development and intellectual quality. Many people use the intelligence test method. It proves that there is a certain similarity between the brothers and sisters in terms of potassium power. The closer the kinship is, the greater the similarity. The British Galden thinks that the twin correlation coefficient is about 0.80, the ordinary brothers and sisters about 0.50, the cousin is about 0. . 25. The Institute of Psychology of the Chinese Academy of Sciences found that more than 50% of low-energy and stupid children are determined by congenital genetic factors. These all indicate that people's intelligence level and personality traits are related to heredity. Foreign scholars are concerned that after more than 100 pairs of identical twins have been studied for 20 years, it is believed that the role of heredity accounts for 40%--50% in terms of psychological development and personality characteristics.

外国科学家通过双胞胎研究表明，具有相同遗传因素的双胞胎在思维能力，记忆能力，语言发展和智力素质方面具有相似的水平。很多人使用智力测试方法。事实证明，兄弟姐妹在钾能方面存在一定的相似性。亲缘关系越近，相似性越大。英国人加尔登认为，孪生相关系数约为0.80，普通兄弟姐妹约为0.50，表亲约为0。25.中国科学院心理研究所发现，超过50％的低能量和愚蠢儿童是由先天性遗传因素决定的。这些都表明人们的智力水平和人格特质与遗传有关。国外学者担心，经过20多年对100多对同卵双胞胎的研究，人们认为遗传在心理发展和人格特征方面的作用占40％-50％。

4、 Psychologists in Beijing, China, based on the study of 37 pairs of identical twins and 43 pairs of fraternal twins, select 24 pairs of twins that grew up in the same or similar ring mirrors (preschool, Eight pairs of primary and secondary schools, from the five aspects of computing power, academic performance, intellectual quality, language development, etc., they concluded that "the impact of genetics on children's intellectual development is obvious." [31899810 ]

中国北京的心理学家基于对37对同卵双胞胎和43对异卵双胞胎的研究，选择了24对双胞胎，它们在相同或相似的环形镜子中长大（学龄前，八对小学和中学）学校从计算能力，学业成绩，智力素质，语言发展等五个方面得出结论：“遗传学对儿童智力发展的影响是显而易见的。”

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